MAP Wiki - User contributions [en]

Mapmisia (Português)

2025-10-16T05:23:49Z

Lecter: Created page with "'''MAPmisia''' é preconceito e ódio contra MAPs. Este pode ser institucional e se manisfestar na forma de aceitação de terapia de conversão para MAPs e priorização de vozes não MAP em assuntos que dizem respeito a MAPs, além de leis de relatório obrigatório em certos países como os EUA, que fazem com que médicos e terapeutas sejam obrigados a revelar a sua atração juvenil como sendo uma ameaça a cria..."

'''MAPmisia''' é preconceito e ódio contra [[MAP|MAPs]]. Este pode ser institucional e se manisfestar na forma de aceitação de [[Terapia de conversão|terapia de conversão]] para MAPs e priorização de vozes não MAP em assuntos que dizem respeito a MAPs, além de leis de relatório obrigatório em certos países como os EUA, que fazem com que médicos e terapeutas sejam obrigados a revelar a sua [[Atração_juvenil|atração juvenil]] como sendo uma ameaça a crianças. MAPmisia pode também ser perpetrada por indivíduos, na forma de abuso verbal e físico. Pessoas MAPmisíacas também podem ser chamadas de anti-MAPs, ou antis.

== História e significado do termo ==
A palavra "MAPmisia" foi cunhada em inglês pelo ativista parafílico Kamui, na primeira metade de 2019. Ele usou a raiz grega "misos", que significa ódio. Esse termo veio para substituir uma versão levemente mais antiga, "MAPfobia", criada espontaneamente por diversos blogueiros em analogia com "homofobia" e "transfobia". Chamar o ódio contra MAPs de "MAPmisia" permite separá-lo de fobias reais. "Pedofobia", por exemplo, é frequentemente usado por ''trolls'' online como sinônimo chique para o preconceito deles<ref>[https://greatawakening.win/p/16ZXVWsZMY/im-going-to-get-ahead-of-the-med/ "I am a proud pedophobe"] ("Eu sou um pedófobo com orgulho") via greatawakening.win, um site afiliado ao Qanon (inglês).</ref>, mas é um termo médico que denota um medo patológico de crianças<ref>[https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22538-pedophobia-fear-of-children Pedophobia (Fear of Children)], (Pedofobia, medo de crianças) Cleveland Clinic (inglês).</ref>.

== MAPmisia na sociedade ==
Em um senso mais amplo, qualquer suposição de que um MAP é menos capaz ou menos confiável que uma pessoa atraída por pares é MAPmisíaca. Tal julgamento de MAPs é base para destratá-los, porque se acredita que não sabem o que é melhor para si, e porque sua atração é vista como um risco inerente. Também se acredita menos em MAPs quando estes falam sobre suas experiências, e MAPs são barrados de se representarem devido à injustiça epistêmica<ref>[https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Injusti%C3%A7a_epist%C3%AAmica Injustiça epistêmica], Wikipédia.</ref>.
=== Social ===
MAPs têm oportunidades virtualmente nulas de falar por si próprios na sociedade. A representação da [[Atração_juvenil#MAPitude|MAPitude]] é feita por pessoas atraídas por pares etários, muitas das quais são ignorantes e usam MAPitude somente como um subenredo para histórias de crime dramáticas. Material científico e educacional sobre MAPitude (em especial aqueles que usam o termo "pedofilia") descrevem principalmente como identificar e isolar MAPs, em vez de ajudá-los e apoiá-los como podem precisar. Há uma forte pressão contra a organização e a ajuda mútua entre MAPs, pois se acredita que qualquer grupo MAP é inerentemente sexual e focado em abuso infantil. Grupos defensores e contas individuais em redes sociais são frequentemente suprimidos sem a presença de qualquer violação às regras.
=== Médica ===
Historicamente, a teoria médica via a MAPitude como um fator de risco e uma perversão sexual, e todos os esforços terapêuticos tinham como objetivo converter MAPs em pessoas atraídas por pares. Essa terapia era frequentemente violenta e incluía elementos de abuso sexual, como demandar que pacientes se masturbassem com cenários específicos. Prescreveu-se medicação que diminuía a libido a muitos MAPs de sexo masculino, e médicos consideravam a perda de apetite sexual como um sucesso, apesar da atração em si permanecer presente<ref>[https://www.b4uact.org/know-the-facts/immutability/ Immutability], Summary of MAP Research (Imutabilidade, Resumo de pesquisas relacionadas com MAPs), B4U-ACT (inglês).</ref>. Hoje em dia existem pesquisadores e terapeutas que são muito mais humanos e progressistas. Um exemplo desse progresso é a [[B4U-ACT]], uma colaboração entre MAPs e médicos, que pressiona por uma abordagem à terapia para MAPs que leve mais em conta as perspectivas de MAPs<ref>[https://www.b4uact.org/gallery-2-columns-filter/psychotherapy-for-the-map/ Psychotherapy For Maps] (Psicoterapia para MAPs), B4U-ACT (inglês).</ref>. Apesar disso, escolher um profissional da saúde sendo MAP continua a ser uma aposta.
=== Individual ===
A primeira exposição de um MAP à MAPmisia provavelmente está ligada não a médicos ou à ciência, mas aos próprios pais. Muito poucas pessoas no ocidente evitaram na sua juventude avisos contra pedofilia, frequentemente com ameaças de violência contra pedófilos. Tais ameaças têm como objetivo que a criança se sinta protegida, mas uma criança MAP internalizará uma mensagem diferente, e acreditará que sua própria família não é segura. Caso esta criança tente procurar apoio online, ela encontrará uma variedade de agressores e perseguidores. Vários MAPs jovens já se suicidaram como resultado desse tipo de tratamento.

== MAPmisia mal direcionada ==
Acredita-se que alguns grupos de pessoas atraídas por pares são conectadas a MAPs e por isso recebem parte do ódio e oposição a esses grupos. Tais grupos visados incluem pessoas LGBTQIA+, pessoas neurodivergentes e certas etnias. Suas interações entre si e com crianças são mais policiadas que aquelas da maioria privilegiada, e sua autoexpressão é frequentemente sexualizada. Ao tentar distinguir-se da MAPitude, frequentemente viram os autores mais violentos de MAPmisia individual. A sociedade como um todo fica mais MAPmisíaca como resultado de suas ações, e sua própria condição piora<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gays_Against_Groomers Gays Against Groomers] (Homossexuais contra Aliciadores), Wikipédia (inglês).</ref><ref>[https://emilianadarling.tumblr.com/post/716096774307201024/vaspider-yandere-angela-every-time-i-see yandere-angela], vaspider via Tumblr (inglês).</ref>.

== MAPmisia internalizada ==
Após exposição à MAPmisia na sociedade, um MAP pode internalizar essa atitude. MAPmisia internalizada pode levar um MAP a buscar validação de MAPmisíacos atraídos por pares, a se submeter a controle e monitoramento e a considerar MAPs que não seguem seu exemplo como estupradores em potencial. MAPmisia internalizada é um dos mecanismos mais comuns por trás do [[transtorno pedofílico]]. Uma distorção cognitiva perigosa à qual MAPs com MAPmisia internalizada recorrem é que sua MAPmisia é uma garantia contra delitos sexuais. No entanto, há exemplos de MAPs com pontos de vista muito anti-MAP que esconderam delitos de contato passados ou um vício a [[Conteúdo de abuso sexual infantil|conteúdo de abuso sexual infantil]].

Outra observação importante é que MAPmisia na sociedade não é culpa de MAPs MAPmisíacos. Os MAPmisíacos mais virulentos são mais frequentemente atraídos por pares etários.

== Linguagem MAPmisíaca ==
Em outras línguas, como inglês, uma série de insultos específicos contra pessoas MAP existem. Estes insultos costumam insinuar que MAPs são abusadores de crianças, e são usados independente da idade, crenças pessoais, e histórico criminal da pessoa. Também se nota que há [[Pedofilia#Outros_exemplos_de_pedomisia|uma interseção entre MAPmisia e homofobia na fala]], com os mesmos insultos usados para MAPs e para a população ''queer''. Por exemplo, a palavra ''groomer'', que pode ser traduzida aproximadamente como aliciador de crianças, e denota alguém que manipula uma vítima em potencial para coagi-la a aceitar o abuso e diminuir as chances de ser pego<ref>[https://www.rainn.org/news/grooming-know-warning-signs Grooming: Know the Warning Signs] (Grooming: Conheça os Sinais de Alerta), RAINN (inglês).</ref>). Existem além disso insultos para a população MAP que derivam de insultos para a população ''queer'', como ''chomo'', um insulto que mistura os termos em inglês para "molestador de criança" (''child molester'') e possivelmente "''homo''", um xingamento contra homens gays.

Em português, há o uso da palavra '''pedófilo''' de forma depreciativa, mas isso não torna a palavra em si MAPmisíaca, só seu uso potencial.

MAPmisíacos usam termos como '''impulsos sexuais''' quando não querem reconhecer que a [[atração juvenil]] é uma atração real com possibilidade de preferências claras, e ao invés disso querem implicar que MAPs tem um impulso de fazer sexo com qualquer criança aleatória.
MAPs são acusados de '''sexualizar crianças''', por conta de uma crença de que só se pode ser atraído por algo que já é inerentemente sexual. Sexualização de crianças é proibida pelos Termos de Serviço de muitas redes sociais, e blogs MAP completamente não sexuais já foram banidos com essa acusação como pretexto.

== Dia de Lembrança e Solidariedade ==
Foi proposto que o dia 14 de julho fosse o "Dia de Lembrança e Solidariedade com as vítimas da pedofobia"<ref>[https://pedophobiavictims.wordpress.com/day-of-remembrance-and-solidarity/ Day of Remembrance and Solidarity] (Dia de Lembrança e Solidariedade), Memorial Book (inglês).</ref>. Nesse dia, Bijan Ebrahimi, um iraniano com deficiência refugiado no Reino Unido, foi assassinado por vizinhos com base em falsas suspeitas de abuso infantil. Um site chamado "Memorial Book" mantinha uma lista de pessoas que morreram por causa do stigma da atração juvenil, desde um defensor de direitos civis que lutou por MAPs e cometeu suicídio, até uma criancinha que se comportou de forma sexual e foi assassinada pelos pais<ref>[https://pedophobiavictims.wordpress.com/ Home, Memorial Book] (Livro memorial) (inglês).</ref>.
== A bandeira da Consciência da MAPmisia ==
A bandeira é uma versão um pouco mais clara da [[Bandeira MAP|bandeira MAP]], com as listras de fora negras e uma gota de sangue ligeiramente fora do centro. Ela é baseada em como a bandeira MAP apareceu em 2022 no r/place, um evento do Reddit em que usuários criam arte botando pontos na tela. A bandeira MAP foi apagada e pintaram por cima diversas vezes antes do quadro ser finalizado<ref>[https://place-atlas.stefanocoding.me/#tz0amd r/place atlas] (atlas de r/place), 2022.</ref>, e a resiliência frente ao apagamento é vista como simbólica.
<gallery>
File:Mapmisia awareness flag.png|The mapmisia awareness flag
File:Rplace.png|A screenshot from r/place.
</gallery>

== Referências ==
[[Category:Páginas originais]]
[[Category:Português]]

Map observances

2025-10-10T18:40:20Z

Lecter:

'''Map observances''' are special days celebrated by the map community.
== Enbylover Day ==
'''Spring equinox (March 20 in 2026)'''

This is a special day for all [[Enbylove | enbylovers]]. For the first time it was observed in 2024, the spring equinox was suggested by members of [[Map fediverse | map fediverse]] in 2023.
== Alice Day ==
'''April 25'''

This date is a holiday for [[Girllove | girllovers]]. It is named like so because on this day in 1856 Lewis Carroll met Alice Liddell. Some maps do not observe this date due to ethical concerns around Carroll's behavior<ref>In addition to being a mathematician and a writer, Carroll was also interested in photography. On more than one occasion little girls posed nude for him, and some of these photos were released after his death. While this may have had different context in his era, it may not be an appropriate detail to celebrate now</ref>.

== Korephile Day ==
'''May 25'''

This day is a holiday for [[Uncommon_MAP_identities#Korephile | korephiles]]. Together with the Korephile Remembrance Day, it has been established in 2025 by a map fediverse member to commemorate life and death of their friend.

== Korephile Remembrance Day ==
'''May 30'''

This is a day to remember hardships experienced by the korephile members of the map community.

== Map Remembrance Week ==
'''June 6 - June 12'''

During this week various aspects of the map identity and community are appreciated. The exact list varies between years and may include both positive and tragic aspects. For the first time it was observed in 2022.
== Map Flag Day ==
'''June 13'''

This date is the anniversary of creation of the [[MAP flag | map flag]]. It is celebrated as a general holiday for all maps since 2019.
== Boylover Day ==
'''Summer and winter solstices (December 21 in 2025, June 21 in 2026)'''

Alternatively called '''International Boylove Day''', this is a holiday for [[Boylove | boylovers]]. It is most commonly observed by lighting a blue candle as a sign of appreciation of boys and other boylovers in one's life. Some put this candle in their window as a secret sign. This is one of the oldest map celebrations, observed since 1998<ref>[https://www.boywiki.org/en/International_Boylove_Day International Boylove Day], BoyWiki.</ref>.
== Mapmisia Awareness Day ==
'''July 14'''

Alternatively called '''Day of Remembrance and Solidarity with the victims of pedophobia''', this is a date to remember the victims of the [[Mapmisia | anti-map prejudice]] and protest the injustice. First suggested in 2020.

== Paraphilia Pride Month ==
'''August'''

This is a pride month for all paraphiliacs. While not exclusive to maps, it has been first conceptualized and celebrated on map fediverse in 2023.

== Xiplover Day ==
'''Autumn equinox (September 23 in 2026)'''

A celebration for [[Xiplove | xiplovers]]. Suggested on map fediverse in 2023, for the fist time observed in 2025.
== References ==
[[Category:Original pages]]
[[Category:English]]

Pedofilia

2025-08-22T19:29:12Z

Lecter: Created page with "A bandeira dos pedófilos '''Pedofilia''' é uma atração por crianças pré-púberes. Em média, a maioria de pedófilos descobrem que tem essa atração por crianças pré-púberes durante a puberdade <ref>[https://www.b4uact.org/know-the-facts/ B4U-ACT’s Summary of Map Research] (Resumo de pesquisas relacionadas com MAPs por B4U-ACT), B4U-ACT.</ref><ref>[https://enderphile.wordpress.com/2018/09/11/growing-up-a-pedophile/ Ender Wig..."

[[File:Pedo flag.png|thumb|right|A bandeira dos pedófilos]]
'''Pedofilia''' é uma atração por crianças pré-púberes. Em média, a maioria de pedófilos descobrem que tem essa atração por crianças pré-púberes durante a puberdade <ref>[https://www.b4uact.org/know-the-facts/ B4U-ACT’s Summary of Map Research] (Resumo de pesquisas relacionadas com MAPs por B4U-ACT), B4U-ACT.</ref><ref>[https://enderphile.wordpress.com/2018/09/11/growing-up-a-pedophile/ Ender Wiggin, "Growing up a pedophile"] (Criando-se como pedófilo, 11 de setembro de 2018.</ref>. Assim como outras atrações do espectro MAP, isto é uma orientação.

Adolescentes, juntamente com crianças atraídas por crianças muito mais novas, podem ser pedófilos.

== História do termo ==
O termo "pedofilia" provêm do grego antigo. "Pedo-" deriva da palavra ''παῖς'', que significa "criança", e "-filia" deriva da palavra ''φῐλέω'', que significa "amar".

Segundo o Kenneth Dover, um erudito e acadêmico clássico britânico, poetas da Grécia antiga, já no século VI a.C., substituíram uma palavras mais habitual, ''paiderastēs'', com ''paidophilēs'' para se ajustar ao verso<ref>[https://tajakramberger.files.wordpress.com/2013/11/k-_j-_dover_greek_homosexuality_updated_and_witbookfi-org.pdf K. J. Dover, ''Greek Homosexuality''] (Homossexualidade Grega); Harvard University Press, 1989; pág. 50.</ref>. A palavra adquiriu um uso mais extenso muito depois. Claude-François Michea, um psiquiatra francês, fez menção de "philopédie" no seu artigo, ''Des caractères qui permettent de distinguer la perversion maladive de la perversité morale'', escrito em 1852. Voltou-se à forma original do termo com o artigo do Richard von Krafft-Ebing, ''Ueber Unzucht mit Kindern oder Pädophilia erotica'', publicado em 1896<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4595948/ Janssen D. F. (2015). 'Chronophilia': Entries of Erotic Age Preference into Descriptive Psychopathology] ("Cronofilia": Registros de Preferências Etárias Eróticas na Psicopatologia Descritiva). Medical history, 59(4), 575–598. https://doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2015.47.</ref>.

== Pedofilia como identidade ==
Pedofilia é a atração por menores mais visível e também a mais estigmatizada. A hipervisibilidade da pedofilia, junto com a mistura entre atração e ação, resulta na maioria de instâncias de assédio [[MAPmisia | MAPmisíaco]], sobretudo verbal, contra pedófilos. Isso acontece em conversas casuais sobre MAPitude ou abuso sexual infantil, e também em artigos de notícias sobre esses tópicos.

=== Outros exemplos de pedomisia ===
* O termo francês para conteúdo de abuso sexual infantil é ''pédopornographie''<ref>[https://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/p%C3%A9dopornographie/188177 Pédopornographie] (Pedopornografia), Larousse.fr.</ref>.
* É comum para pesquisadores neerlandeses se referirem ao molestamento de uma criança sem ter uma atração como "pedossexualidade"<ref>[https://www.helping-people.info/lecture_2019.htm Pedophilia and Pedosexuality] (Pedofilia e Pedossexualidade), palestra, julho de 2019, Amsterdã, por Frans E.J. Gieles, de helping-people.info.</ref>.
* ''Pederast'' (''педераст'') e seus derivados mais coloquiais, ''pidoras'' (''пидорас'') e ''pidor'' (''пидор''), são palavras pejorativas para homens ''queer'' bastante divulgadas na Rússia<ref>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80#Russian Пидор], Wiktionary.</ref>.

Em resposta ao estigma, algumas pessoas e organizações que trabalham com pedófilos de forma profissional tem mudado sua linguagem para incluir a palavra "pessoa" ao se referirem a pedófilos nos seus textos: "pessoas com pedofilia" e "pessoas com interesses pedofílicos". Enquanto isso, muitos pedófilos na comunidade MAP de fato preferem a identidade de "pedófilo", mesmo se têm outras cronofilias. Existia uma ideia durante os anos 2000 de substituir "pedofilia" como identidade com ''childlove'' (amor por crianças)<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20051101165116/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childlove_movement Childlove movement] (Movimento de amor por crianças) na Wikipédia (inglês), arquivado pela Wayback Machine.</ref>, mas com o tempo caiu em desuso.

No final do ano 2023 e no início de 2024, uma pesquisa foi realizada no [[fediverso MAP]] para determinar a atitude em relação à denominação "pedófilo". 73% de MAPs que encaixavam na definição de pedofilia tinham uma atitude positiva em relação à denominação, enquanto 23% eram neutros e 4% tinham uma atitude negativa. Entre os MAPs que não encaixavam na definição de pedofilia, as porcentagens foram 42%, 45% e 12%, respectivamente.
<gallery>
File:Attitude 1 htm m896a3b5.jpg
File:Attitude 2 htm 50d6fa18.jpg
</gallery>
== Equívocos ==

=== Equiparação com outras atrações por menores ===

O termo "pedofilia" é usado frequentemente de forma incorreta como um termo genérico para se referir a qualquer pessoa com uma atração por crianças ou adolescentes, independentemente da idade. O termo genérico correto é "pessoa atraída por menores" ([[MAP]], na sigla em inglês). Uma atração por adolescentes não é pedofilia e sim [[hebefilia]] ou [[efebofilia]].

=== Equiparação com abuso sexual infantil ===

O termo "pedófilo" é usado coloquialmente para se referir a pessoas que abusam sexualmente de crianças, sem considerar se essa pessoa tem ou não uma atração por crianças pré-púberes. A maioria das pessoas que transgredem contra crianças não tem uma atração preferencial por crianças pré-púberes, e portanto não são pedófilas<ref>[https://www.b4uact.org/know-the-facts/behavior/ Behavior] (Comportamento), B4U-ACT.</ref>.

=== Medicalização ===

Pedofilia à vezes se confunde com transtorno pedofílico. A pedofilia em si não é um transtorno psiquiátrico. Para ser diagnosticada com transtorno pedofílico, a pessoa em questão deve ter uma angústia significativa sobre suas atrações ou ter agido com base nessas atrações<ref>[https://www.docdroid.net/qSmIApN/dsm20v-pdf#page=729 Pedophilic disorder, diagnostic criteria] (Transtorno pedofílico, critérios de diagnóstico), DSM-5.</ref>. Além disso, tem argumentos contra a existência desse diagnóstico<ref>[https://wierstamann.net/2023/04/10/against-paraphiliac-disorders-as-a-category/ Against paraphiliac disorders as a category] (Contra transtornos pedofílicos como categoria), Wierstamann.</ref>.

== Referências ==
[[Category:Páginas originais]]
[[Category:Português]]

Zoosadism

2025-07-08T06:36:23Z

Lecter: Created page with "The anti contact zoosadist flag '''Zoosadism''' is an attraction towards nonhuman animals in a state of pain or distress. This attraction may be more focused on the pain, more focused on the animal, or focused on both equally. This term is used here as a sexuality label and should not be conflated with an act of abuse towards animals or having intentions to commit such an act. {{Note|text=This article is a part of MAP Wik..."

[[File:Anti contact Zoosadist.png|thumb|right|The anti contact zoosadist flag]]
'''Zoosadism''' is an attraction towards nonhuman animals in a state of pain or distress. This attraction may be more focused on the pain, more focused on the animal, or focused on both equally.

This term is used here as a sexuality label and should not be conflated with an act of abuse towards animals or having intentions to commit such an act.

{{Note|text=This article is a part of MAP Wiki articles on Other Paraphilias.}}
== History of the term ==
The term "zoosadism" was coined by Ernest Borneman, a German psychoanalyst and crime writer<ref>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/zoosadism Zoosadism], Wiktionary.</ref>.

Contemporary medical community defines zoosadism as "a paraphilia in which sexual arousal and satisfaction are obtained from torturing a nonhuman animal."<ref>APA Dictionary of Psychology. (n.d.). https://dictionary.apa.org/zoosadism.</ref>

As an identity that refers to the attraction, separate from the acts of animal abuse, the concept of zoosadism dates back at least to autumn 2019 and creation of the anti contact zoosadist flag<ref>[https://paraflags-wiki.org/index.php/File:Zoosadist_by_Lecter.png] Paraphilia+ Flags Wiki.</ref>.

== Statistics ==
It is unknown how many people in the general population are zoosadists. Zoosadists make up 10.2% of the online paraphila community<ref>Common paraphilias – Lecter A.A. Wierstamann. (2023, October 10). https://wierstamann.net/2023/10/10/common-paraphilias/.</ref>.

According to a community survey of 20 zoosadists<ref>Zoosadism – what it is and what it isn’t – Lecter A.A. Wierstamann. (2025, June 17). https://wierstamann.net/2025/06/17/zoosadism-what-it-is-and-what-it-isnt/.</ref>, 80% of zoosadists also have nonsadistic attractions towards animals, 75% are positive zoosadism is a component of their zoophilic attractions, 40% report their zoosadism includes romantic feelings.

== Community ==
Due to pushback and harassment, the zoosadist community is still small and poorly organized, with few resources<ref>Boon’s corner! (n.d.). https://boonzoos.neocities.org/zoosadist_resources.</ref>.

The community is probably most known for its flag (shown in the beginning of this page) and code letter: ξ. Both these symbols represent exclusively anti contact zoosadists. Guidelines proposed for the zoosadist community in 2022 also explicitly oppose animal abuse<ref>Zoosadist community guidelines – Lecter A.A. Wierstamann. (2023, March 18). https://wierstamann.net/2023/03/18/zoosadist-community-guidelines/.</ref>.

== Discourse ==
The Twitter zoophile community has reacted to the existence of anti contact zoosadists with rejection since at least 2019. The rejection seems to stem from a belief in incompatibility of zoo activism with anti contact ethics.

Lyc, a zoo influencer and community organizer, has shared the following messages on his account Zoo-X-Perience (@zooxperience):
<blockquote>
There is no place in our community for zoosadism!
</blockquote>
- <ref>https://x.com/zooxperience/status/1924097023596232792</ref>
<blockquote>
"Attraction ≠ Action" is often used as a cover for those who are acting on their harmful attractions, or networking after gaining access to zoo spaces, trying to shield themselves from accountability.
</blockquote>
- <ref>https://x.com/zooxperience/status/1932819973979644231</ref>
<blockquote>
Anti contact is anti zoo
</blockquote>
- <ref>https://x.com/zooxperience/status/1934772280913170627</ref>

Acceptance of anti contact zoosadists in the zoo community is one of the purposes of the [[Zoophilia#Alef|alef zoo]] identity, formed in late 2023.

In 2024-2025 the zoosadist identity has been subjected to renaming attempts, notably promoted by people who do not share this type of attraction and rejected by zoosadists themselves<ref>Bestiasadophilia - paraphile wiki. (n.d.). https://www.paraphile.com/index.php/Bestiasadophilia#Controversy_and_Criticism.</ref>.

== References ==

[[Category:Other Paraphilias]]

File:Anti contact Zoosadist.png

2025-07-08T06:16:36Z

Lecter:

Zoophilia

2025-07-08T03:05:49Z

Lecter:

'''Zoophilia''' is an attraction towards nonhuman animals. This term most commonly refers to sexual and/or romantic attraction.

{{Note|text=This article is a part of MAP Wiki articles on Other Paraphilias.}}

== History of the term ==
The term "zoophilia" was coined in 1886 by Richard von Krafft-Ebing in his work ''Psychopathia sexualis'' as a part of construction "zoophilia erotica", which he initially defined as an attraction to animal skin and fur<ref>[https://zoophilia.wiki/index.php?title=Zoophilia#Zoophilia Zoophilia, section Terminology: Zoophilia], Zoophilia Wiki.</ref>. He constructed it from terms '''''ζῷον''''' (''zṓion'', "animal") and '''''φιλία''''' (''philia'', "love").

== Statistics ==
=== Prevalence of zoophilia ===
It is hard to estimate how many people are zoophilic. Many existing studies in this sphere do not differentiate between zoophilia as an attraction towards animals and the act of bestiality (sexual actions towards animals)<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoophilia#Extent_of_occurrence Zoophilia, section Extent of occurrence], Wikipedia.</ref>. The estimates achieved through these studies cannot be regarded as representative, since not everyone who engages sexually with an animal is a zoophile<ref>Keiser, K. (2022, March 28). Zoophilia and Bestiality: Misunderstood and Misrepresented conditions — Kimberly Keiser and Associates. Kimberly Keiser and Associates. https://www.kimberlykeiser.com/askusanything/zoophilia-and-bestiality-misunderstood-and-misrepresented-conditions.</ref> and not all zoophiles engage sexually with animals<ref>Zoo resources. (n.d.). Zoo Resources. https://zooresources.carrd.co/.</ref>.

Dawson et all<ref>Dawson, S. J., Bannerman, B. A., & Lalumière, M. L. (2014). Paraphilic Interests. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 28(1), 20–45. doi:10.1177/1079063214525645.</ref> applied a more precise approach, prompting survey respondents to state whether they find some paraphilias and the associated acts arousing. The study found that 2% of both men and women responded positively to zoophilia.

According to community-specific surveys, zoophiles make up 14.9% of the furry community<ref>[https://en.wikifur.com/wiki/Zoophilia#Zoophilia_and_furry Zoophilia, section Zoophilia and furry], WikiFur.</ref> and 46.2% of the paraphilia community<ref>Common paraphilias – Lecter A.A. Wierstamann. (2023, October 10). https://wierstamann.net/2023/10/10/common-paraphilias/.</ref>.

=== Demographics of zoos ===
The average age at which zoophiles realize they are attracted to animals is between 8 and 12 years<ref>Miletski, H. (2016). Zoophilia: Another Sexual Orientation? Archives of Sexual Behavior, 46(1), 39–42. doi:10.1007/s10508-016-0891-3.</ref>.

== Identities ==
Zoophilia as a self identity label that refers to finding animals attractive has existed since at least early 1990s.

In 1992 Mark Matthews, a zoo activist and writer, founded "Zoophiliac Outreach Organization" ("Z.O.O."), aiming to provide peer support to zoophiles. In 1994 he wrote an autobiographical book titled ''The Horseman: Obsessions of a Zoophile''<ref>[https://books.google.ca/books/about/The_Horseman.html?id=uUcIAAAACAAJ&redir_esc=y The Horseman: Obsessions of a Zoophile by Mark Matthews], via Google Books.</ref>.

It is possible to assume that the zoo identity and community was able to develop with the help of emerging internet<ref>[https://zoophilia.wiki/index.php?title=Zoophilia#Zoophile_community Zoophilia, section Zoophile community], Zoophilia Wiki.</ref>. Hani Miletski, a sexuality researcher, mentions multiple web pages made by zoophiles for zoophiles that existed in the 90s<ref>[https://www.scribd.com/document/239639832/miletski Understanding Bestiality and Zoophilia], Hani Miletski.</ref>.
=== Zoosexuality ===
'''Zoosexuality''' is another term that may be used synonymously with zoophilia. Its origins are unclear. Wikipedia credits Miletski<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoophilia#Zoosexuality Zoophilia, section Zoosexuality], Wikipedia.</ref>, while she reports it was made up by zoos online<ref>Miletski, Hani. (2005). Is zoophilia a sexual orientation? A study. 18. 82-97.</ref>. Some sources suggest the word was in use since 1980s<ref>Bakke, Monika. (2009). The predicament of zoopleasures: Human-nonhuman libidinal relations. 10.1163/ej.9789004168671.i-266.58.</ref>, others point towards unnamed works by R. E. L. Masters in 1960s<ref>[https://zoophilia.wiki/index.php?title=Zoosexuality Zoosexuality] Zoophilia Wiki.</ref>.

Currently this word is often used by zoos who believe their orientation to be inherently different from all other [[Paraphilia|paraphiliac orientations]].
<blockquote>
The concept of zoosexuality refers to sexual orientation as opposed to fetishism, paraphilia, or mental ailment.
</blockquote>
- Zoophile Wiki, "Zoosexuality"<ref>[https://zoophilia.wiki/index.php?title=Zoosexuality Zoosexuality] Zoophilia Wiki.</ref>
<gallery>
File:Zoosexuality vs paraphilia.jpg|A post in favor of zoo separatism
</gallery>
=== Zeta ===
'''Zeta''' (or '''ZETA''') may refer to the following things:
* A German zoo organization ZETA-Verein<ref>[https://www.zeta-verein.de/en/ ZETA-Verein].</ref>.
* A list of zoophile ethical principles dating back to 1990s<ref>[https://www.zeta-verein.de/en/zoophilia/zeta-principles/ ZETA Principles].</ref>.
* A member of zoo Twitter, characterized by adherence to the ZETA principles and aversion to change.

The last meaning is the most recent of all 3, dating back to the clash between the zoophile community of Twitter and the zoophile community of Tumblr that migrated to Twitter due to bans in 2018/2019. It is worth a note that this word is rarely used as a self identity by the people it applies to - people that follow the zeta ideology are much more likely to refer to themselves as zoos/zoosexuals and to the zoos that oppose them - as simply paraphiles.
=== Alef ===
'''Alef''' is a zoo identity created in 2023 as an alternative to zeta. It started with a project for a new zoo flag that involved multiple zoophile artists and 11 distinct contest sumbissions<ref>[https://paraflags-wiki.org/index.php/Fediverse_zoo_flag_project_(2023) Fediverse zoo flag project (2023)], Paraphilia+ Flags Wiki.</ref>. The project resulted in creation of a new zoophile identity, built on the principles of zoo unity and inclusion<ref>[https://wierstamann.net/alef-zoo/ Alef zoo], Wierstamann.</ref>.

== Discourse ==
Currently, common areas of discourse in the zoo community include:
* Contact discourse.
* Zeta vs alef discourse (including discourse surrounding the zoosadist identity).

[[Category:Other Paraphilias]]

== References ==

Zoophilia

2025-07-08T00:18:18Z

Lecter:

'''Zoophilia''' is an attraction towards nonhuman animals. This term most commonly refers to sexual and/or romantic attraction.

{{Note|text=This article is a part of MAP Wiki articles on Other Paraphilias.}}

== History of the term ==
The term "zoophilia" was coined in 1886 by Richard von Krafft-Ebing in his work ''Psychopathia sexualis'' as a part of construction "zoophilia erotica", which he initially defined as an attraction to animal skin and fur<ref>[https://zoophilia.wiki/index.php?title=Zoophilia#Zoophilia Zoophilia, section Terminology: Zoophilia], Zoophilia Wiki.</ref>. He constructed it from terms '''''ζῷον''''' (''zṓion'', "animal") and '''''φιλία''''' (''philia'', "love").

== Statistics ==
It is hard to estimate how many people are zoophilic. Many existing studies in this sphere do not differentiate between zoophilia as an attraction towards animals and the act of bestiality (sexual actions towards animals)<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoophilia#Extent_of_occurrence Zoophilia, section Extent of occurrence], Wikipedia.</ref>. The estimates achieved through these studies cannot be regarded as representative, since not everyone who engages sexually with an animal is a zoophile<ref>Keiser, K. (2022, March 28). Zoophilia and Bestiality: Misunderstood and Misrepresented conditions — Kimberly Keiser and Associates. Kimberly Keiser and Associates. https://www.kimberlykeiser.com/askusanything/zoophilia-and-bestiality-misunderstood-and-misrepresented-conditions.</ref> and not all zoophiles engage sexually with animals<ref>Zoo resources. (n.d.). Zoo Resources. https://zooresources.carrd.co/.</ref>.

== Identities ==
Zoophilia as a self identity label that refers to finding animals attractive has existed since at least early 1990s.

In 1992 Mark Matthews, a zoo activist and writer, founded "Zoophiliac Outreach Organization" ("Z.O.O."), aiming to provide peer support to zoophiles. In 1994 he wrote an autobiographical book titled ''The Horseman: Obsessions of a Zoophile''<ref>[https://books.google.ca/books/about/The_Horseman.html?id=uUcIAAAACAAJ&redir_esc=y The Horseman: Obsessions of a Zoophile by Mark Matthews], via Google Books.</ref>.

It is possible to assume that the zoo identity and community was able to develop with the help of emerging internet<ref>[https://zoophilia.wiki/index.php?title=Zoophilia#Zoophile_community Zoophilia, section Zoophile community], Zoophilia Wiki.</ref>. Hani Miletski, a sexuality researcher, mentions multiple web pages made by zoophiles for zoophiles that existed in the 90s<ref>[https://www.scribd.com/document/239639832/miletski Understanding Bestiality and Zoophilia], Hani Miletski.</ref>.
=== Zoosexuality ===
'''Zoosexuality''' is another term that may be used synonymously with zoophilia. Its origins are unclear. Wikipedia credits Miletski<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoophilia#Zoosexuality Zoophilia, section Zoosexuality], Wikipedia.</ref>, while she reports it was made up by zoos online<ref>Miletski, Hani. (2005). Is zoophilia a sexual orientation? A study. 18. 82-97.</ref>. Some sources suggest the word was in use since 1980s<ref>Bakke, Monika. (2009). The predicament of zoopleasures: Human-nonhuman libidinal relations. 10.1163/ej.9789004168671.i-266.58.</ref>, others point towards unnamed works by R. E. L. Masters in 1960s<ref>[https://zoophilia.wiki/index.php?title=Zoosexuality Zoosexuality] Zoophilia Wiki.</ref>.

Currently this word is often used by zoos who believe their orientation to be inherently different from all other [[Paraphilia|paraphiliac orientations]].
<blockquote>
The concept of zoosexuality refers to sexual orientation as opposed to fetishism, paraphilia, or mental ailment.
</blockquote>
- Zoophile Wiki, "Zoosexuality"<ref>[https://zoophilia.wiki/index.php?title=Zoosexuality Zoosexuality] Zoophilia Wiki.</ref>
<gallery>
File:Zoosexuality vs paraphilia.jpg|A post in favor of zoo separatism
</gallery>
=== Zeta ===
'''Zeta''' (or '''ZETA''') may refer to the following things:
* A German zoo organization ZETA-Verein<ref>[https://www.zeta-verein.de/en/ ZETA-Verein].</ref>.
* A list of zoophile ethical principles dating back to 1990s<ref>[https://www.zeta-verein.de/en/zoophilia/zeta-principles/ ZETA Principles].</ref>.
* A member of zoo Twitter, characterized by adherence to the ZETA principles and aversion to change.

The last meaning is the most recent of all 3, dating back to the clash between the zoophile community of Twitter and the zoophile community of Tumblr that migrated to Twitter due to bans in 2018/2019. It is worth a note that this word is rarely used as a self identity by the people it applies to - people that follow the zeta ideology are much more likely to refer to themselves as zoos/zoosexuals and to the zoos that oppose them - as simply paraphiles.
=== Alef ===
'''Alef''' is a zoo identity created in 2023 as an alternative to zeta. It started with a project for a new zoo flag that involved multiple zoophile artists and 11 distinct contest sumbissions<ref>[https://paraflags-wiki.org/index.php/Fediverse_zoo_flag_project_(2023) Fediverse zoo flag project (2023)], Paraphilia+ Flags Wiki.</ref>. The project resulted in creation of a new zoophile identity, built on the principles of zoo unity and inclusion<ref>[https://wierstamann.net/alef-zoo/ Alef zoo], Wierstamann.</ref>.

== Discourse ==
Currently, common areas of discourse in the zoo community include:
* Contact discourse.
* Zeta vs alef discourse (including discourse surrounding the zoosadist identity).

[[Category:Other Paraphilias]]

== References ==

Incestophilia

2025-07-07T23:50:03Z

Lecter:

'''Incestophilia''' is the love of incest. There are many way to appreciate incest, from incestuous stories to love for your own family, both biological relatives, and soul relatives, people who are not blood related to you, but are solemnly seen as family who you would like some incestious relationship with, to being with headmates who are family, there are many ways to appreciate the beauty of incest, and just as many [https://paraflags-wiki.org/index.php/Incest%20flags flags] that represent the different types of incestuous relationships.

{{Note|text=This article is a part of MAP Wiki articles on Other Paraphilias.}}

[[Category:Other Paraphilias]]

Philophilia

2025-07-07T23:49:57Z

Lecter:

[[File:Philophilia flag.png|thumb]]
'''Philophilia''', which translates to 'love of love,' is the attraction to love and anything that encompasses love, from dating, to watching others being in love, to saying, "I love you."

{{Note|text=This article is a part of MAP Wiki articles on Other Paraphilias.}}

[[Category:Other Paraphilias]]

Incestophilia

2025-07-07T23:48:49Z

Lecter:

Philophilia

2025-07-07T23:48:47Z

Lecter:

Category:Other Paraphilias

2025-07-07T07:45:38Z

Lecter: Created page with "This category contains pages that may be used as a foundation of another, more specialized, wiki. Its purpose is to give general overview to paraphilias outside of map spectrum. Category:Major categories"

This category contains pages that may be used as a foundation of another, more specialized, wiki. Its purpose is to give general overview to paraphilias outside of map spectrum.

[[Category:Major categories]]

Zoophilia

2025-07-07T05:45:55Z

Lecter: Created page with "'''Zoophilia''' is an attraction towards nonhuman animals. This term most commonly refers to sexual and/or romantic attraction. {{Note|text=This article is a part of MAP Wiki articles on Other Paraphilias.}} == History of the term == The term "zoophilia" was coined in 1886 by Richard von Krafft-Ebing in his work ''Psychopathia sexualis'' as a part of construction "zoophilia erotica", which he initially defined as an attraction to animal skin and fur<ref>[https://zoophi..."

File:Zoosexuality vs paraphilia.jpg

2025-07-07T04:33:30Z

Lecter:

List of inactive instances of map fediverse

2025-05-31T00:20:50Z

Lecter: /* minor.cafe */

This is an a list of inactive instances of map fediverse. A list of active instances can be viewed [[List of active instances of map fediverse|here]].

== phenomenal.masto.host ==
Launched in 2019 by an ex member of map Tumblr, this was the first known map Mastodon instance. It never gained publicity and was shut down by the admin after a couple of months.
== dlf.social ==
This instance was run by a pro-contact Twitter activist Rel. It was created in 2020, a couple of weeks after [[#nnia.space|nnia.space]], and existed for a brief period of time.
== pedo.house ==
This instance was made early into map fediverse' development by a member of nnia and suspended by providers after mass reports from antis.
== pedo.school ==
Made after the suspension of [[#pedo.house|pedo.house]] by the same admin. It was unavailable for a long time due to problems with domain transfer ([https://njal.la/ Njalla] soft-suspended the domain) and later co-existed with freak.university as an almost inactive backup.
== freak.university ==
freak.university, the third iteration of pedo.school, was the longest-living instance in a series of vaguely school-themed map instances. It had an anti-bigotry policy, similar to [[#nnia.space|nnia]], but allowed NSFW posts and pro-contact advocacy.
== youjo.love ==
youjo.love was first made in summer of 2021 by a former member of map Twitter, Chizu. This site had much more lax content policy than [[#nnia.space|nnia]] or [[#freak.university|freak.university]] and allowed several openly fascist or transphobic members. At some point it was actively used by Newgon administration and members. After its domain suspension in autumn 2023, it lost most of its users, but retained partial functionality.
== hentai.baby ==
Created as a kodocon sharing instance, and eventually grew to hold many biastophiles and nepiophiles. Suspended (<code>serverHold</code>) by the [https://gen.xyz/ XYZ registry], which considers lolicon to violate their policy of [https://nic.xyz/downloads/xyz-registry-domain-name-policies.pdf?v=2.0 "child pornography or any images of child abuse" (PDF link)]
== rapemeat.shop ==
Created as a successor to [[#hentai.baby|hentai.baby]] by the same admin, suspended (<code>serverHold</code>) by the [https://get.shop/ GMO registry] just a few days after release, which deemed lolicon unacceptable "even by ''[sic]'' drawing".
== rapemeat.solutions ==
Very short-lived instance which was almost instantly banned by the registrar.
== rapemeat.express ==
Created little after the rapemeat.solutions went down by the same admin and served as a proper successor to hentai.baby. It lasted for a long time but was eventually taken down by its owner. [[#baise-moi.top|Baise]]'s admin speaks about it being a successor to it.
== rapemeat.st ==
== youjo.observer ==
This site briefly served as a replacement after [[#youjo.love|youjo.love]]'s domain suspension, but similarly went down within a couple of months.
== childpawn.shop ==
== cunny.finance ==
First pedi instance to use the soapbox frontend
== lolison.network ==
A backup for [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]], created as a pedi email provider, it evolved to mainly be a backup instance where Marder would test solutions to his main project, lolison.top. At the end of its life, it also served a forum for pedi members. It has been suspended in May 2024 by their domain provider (Epik) after reports of illegal content.
== cute.lolison.top ==
The newest iteration of [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]], made after the old site's shutdown and suspended simultaneously with lolison.network. As of 2025, it's the largest instance in the history of the pediverse, with over 2000 accounts registered. It had heavy moderation, but allowed children to be posted. It was also the first instance on the pediverse to use the Sharkey frontend.
== childlove.space ==
This instance launched the day [[#youjo.love|youjo.love]] had its domain suspended. It was created and moderated with participation of Newgon members. It was advertised as a free speech space and quickly attracted Nazis, who the administration refused to ban despite multiple complaints. In addition to that, some members used it to post CSEM. The instance went down after a short spike of activity.
== childlove.su ==
This site was meant to serve as a continuation of [[#childlove.space|childlove.space]], but inherited all of its problems and did not stay up for long.
== childlove.top ==
The third site in the series started by [[#childlove.space|childlove.space]], created in July 2024. It featured Nazi dogwhistles right on the main page. It has been taken offline by late August 2024 for unknown reasons.
== tooters.fun ==
== offkey.cat ==
This instance, primarily intended for para art, was made by Ezra in mid autumn 2023 and suspended by the domain provider in December 2023 due to mass reports from antis.
== oddballs.online ==
This was a successor of [[#offkey.cat|offkey.cat]], launched by Ezra in the beginning of 2024. It has been at the center of attention of Twitter and Telegram antis for multiple months after the launch. Eventually repeated DDOS attacks have caused its admin to shut it down in August 2024.
== sing.offkey.wtf ==
This was an activism-focused branch of [[#oddballs.online|oddballs.online]].
== clown.university ==
== cutecatgirls.cafe ==
This instance was made in June 2024 by Lucky, intended as a pro-contact youth-lib aligned AAM safe space. This also marks the first youth-made and operated MAP Fediverse instance. The site's lifetime ran until June 28th, 2024 due to extensive drama and the owner's withdrawal from Fediverse over the span of a few days, and was succeeded by [[#miiverse.cafe|miiverse.cafe]] on July 1st, 2024.
== imouto.pics ==
Created by Rachel as a spiritual successor to [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]] in May 2024, suspended in July 2024 by the .XYZ registry. Note that although the [https://icannwiki.org/.pics ICANN wiki] lists the registry as Uniregistry, WHOIS data lists .pics as being owned by the [https://gen.xyz/ XYZ registry], which also lists .pics as owned by them.
== imouto.exposed ==
Created by Rachel in July 2024 as a successor to [[#imouto.pics|imouto.pics]]. Suspended 2024-08-23 by the Identity Digital registry (<code>serverHold</code>).
== miiverse.cafe ==
This instance was made in July 2024 by Lucky, intended as a spiritual successor to [[#cutecatgirls.cafe|cutecatgirls.cafe]], sharing the same fundamental values as its' predecessor from June. Miiverse was temporarily defederated by a large majority of MAP Fediverse instances due to aforementioned drama. Miiverse.cafe was shut down on August 27th, 2024, and succeeded by [[#kodo.pictures|kodo.pictures]].
== cannibal.cafe ==
== tummy.town ==
This instance was made by Luwa in 2023. It was advertised as a space for chronologically adult maps and other minorities.
== cub.lol ==
This instance was created by Rabbit and Lily in August of 2024 and co moderated by Lucky, Rain, and Ulith. It was originally put into the works on August 15th, 2024 before becoming open to the public on August 22nd, 2024. It was eventually shut down but was succeeded by minor.cafe.

== kodo.pictures ==
Created by Lucky as yet another succession in August of 2024, shut down on October 5th, 2024. After over a month of consistent uptime, the admin spoke up about their mental health being severely affected by administration, and posted a shutdown notice on October 3rd, 2024.
== love.is.notacri.me ==
== minor.cafe ==
The successor to cub.lol, ran by Rabbit and Lily, co moderated by Lucky, Rain, and Ulith. It was owned by Rain closer to the end of its lifespan.

== gimmeloli.top ==
Created by a former mod of lolison.top who, after being a mod on baise, wanted to have a more neutral instance with all the drama that involved it at the time. Its name is in reference to lolison.top, as the owner wants it to be a sort of successor to it.
== yotsu.rocks ==
== eepy.express ==
== paravielfalt.zone ==
This was an anti-c instance, made by Sirius in September 2023. The name is a play on the words "paraphilia" and "Vielfalt", the German word for diversity. It was shut down by the admins in March 2025.
== cunnyfu.cc ==
This instance was made in August 2024 by Zeke and shut down in March 2025 in the middle of scandals.

== References ==
[[Category:Original pages]]
[[Category:English]]

List of inactive instances of map fediverse

2025-05-31T00:20:12Z

Lecter: /* cub.lol */

This is an a list of inactive instances of map fediverse. A list of active instances can be viewed [[List of active instances of map fediverse|here]].

== phenomenal.masto.host ==
Launched in 2019 by an ex member of map Tumblr, this was the first known map Mastodon instance. It never gained publicity and was shut down by the admin after a couple of months.
== dlf.social ==
This instance was run by a pro-contact Twitter activist Rel. It was created in 2020, a couple of weeks after [[#nnia.space|nnia.space]], and existed for a brief period of time.
== pedo.house ==
This instance was made early into map fediverse' development by a member of nnia and suspended by providers after mass reports from antis.
== pedo.school ==
Made after the suspension of [[#pedo.house|pedo.house]] by the same admin. It was unavailable for a long time due to problems with domain transfer ([https://njal.la/ Njalla] soft-suspended the domain) and later co-existed with freak.university as an almost inactive backup.
== freak.university ==
freak.university, the third iteration of pedo.school, was the longest-living instance in a series of vaguely school-themed map instances. It had an anti-bigotry policy, similar to [[#nnia.space|nnia]], but allowed NSFW posts and pro-contact advocacy.
== youjo.love ==
youjo.love was first made in summer of 2021 by a former member of map Twitter, Chizu. This site had much more lax content policy than [[#nnia.space|nnia]] or [[#freak.university|freak.university]] and allowed several openly fascist or transphobic members. At some point it was actively used by Newgon administration and members. After its domain suspension in autumn 2023, it lost most of its users, but retained partial functionality.
== hentai.baby ==
Created as a kodocon sharing instance, and eventually grew to hold many biastophiles and nepiophiles. Suspended (<code>serverHold</code>) by the [https://gen.xyz/ XYZ registry], which considers lolicon to violate their policy of [https://nic.xyz/downloads/xyz-registry-domain-name-policies.pdf?v=2.0 "child pornography or any images of child abuse" (PDF link)]
== rapemeat.shop ==
Created as a successor to [[#hentai.baby|hentai.baby]] by the same admin, suspended (<code>serverHold</code>) by the [https://get.shop/ GMO registry] just a few days after release, which deemed lolicon unacceptable "even by ''[sic]'' drawing".
== rapemeat.solutions ==
Very short-lived instance which was almost instantly banned by the registrar.
== rapemeat.express ==
Created little after the rapemeat.solutions went down by the same admin and served as a proper successor to hentai.baby. It lasted for a long time but was eventually taken down by its owner. [[#baise-moi.top|Baise]]'s admin speaks about it being a successor to it.
== rapemeat.st ==
== youjo.observer ==
This site briefly served as a replacement after [[#youjo.love|youjo.love]]'s domain suspension, but similarly went down within a couple of months.
== childpawn.shop ==
== cunny.finance ==
First pedi instance to use the soapbox frontend
== lolison.network ==
A backup for [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]], created as a pedi email provider, it evolved to mainly be a backup instance where Marder would test solutions to his main project, lolison.top. At the end of its life, it also served a forum for pedi members. It has been suspended in May 2024 by their domain provider (Epik) after reports of illegal content.
== cute.lolison.top ==
The newest iteration of [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]], made after the old site's shutdown and suspended simultaneously with lolison.network. As of 2025, it's the largest instance in the history of the pediverse, with over 2000 accounts registered. It had heavy moderation, but allowed children to be posted. It was also the first instance on the pediverse to use the Sharkey frontend.
== childlove.space ==
This instance launched the day [[#youjo.love|youjo.love]] had its domain suspended. It was created and moderated with participation of Newgon members. It was advertised as a free speech space and quickly attracted Nazis, who the administration refused to ban despite multiple complaints. In addition to that, some members used it to post CSEM. The instance went down after a short spike of activity.
== childlove.su ==
This site was meant to serve as a continuation of [[#childlove.space|childlove.space]], but inherited all of its problems and did not stay up for long.
== childlove.top ==
The third site in the series started by [[#childlove.space|childlove.space]], created in July 2024. It featured Nazi dogwhistles right on the main page. It has been taken offline by late August 2024 for unknown reasons.
== tooters.fun ==
== offkey.cat ==
This instance, primarily intended for para art, was made by Ezra in mid autumn 2023 and suspended by the domain provider in December 2023 due to mass reports from antis.
== oddballs.online ==
This was a successor of [[#offkey.cat|offkey.cat]], launched by Ezra in the beginning of 2024. It has been at the center of attention of Twitter and Telegram antis for multiple months after the launch. Eventually repeated DDOS attacks have caused its admin to shut it down in August 2024.
== sing.offkey.wtf ==
This was an activism-focused branch of [[#oddballs.online|oddballs.online]].
== clown.university ==
== cutecatgirls.cafe ==
This instance was made in June 2024 by Lucky, intended as a pro-contact youth-lib aligned AAM safe space. This also marks the first youth-made and operated MAP Fediverse instance. The site's lifetime ran until June 28th, 2024 due to extensive drama and the owner's withdrawal from Fediverse over the span of a few days, and was succeeded by [[#miiverse.cafe|miiverse.cafe]] on July 1st, 2024.
== imouto.pics ==
Created by Rachel as a spiritual successor to [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]] in May 2024, suspended in July 2024 by the .XYZ registry. Note that although the [https://icannwiki.org/.pics ICANN wiki] lists the registry as Uniregistry, WHOIS data lists .pics as being owned by the [https://gen.xyz/ XYZ registry], which also lists .pics as owned by them.
== imouto.exposed ==
Created by Rachel in July 2024 as a successor to [[#imouto.pics|imouto.pics]]. Suspended 2024-08-23 by the Identity Digital registry (<code>serverHold</code>).
== miiverse.cafe ==
This instance was made in July 2024 by Lucky, intended as a spiritual successor to [[#cutecatgirls.cafe|cutecatgirls.cafe]], sharing the same fundamental values as its' predecessor from June. Miiverse was temporarily defederated by a large majority of MAP Fediverse instances due to aforementioned drama. Miiverse.cafe was shut down on August 27th, 2024, and succeeded by [[#kodo.pictures|kodo.pictures]].
== cannibal.cafe ==
== tummy.town ==
This instance was made by Luwa in 2023. It was advertised as a space for chronologically adult maps and other minorities.
== cub.lol ==
This instance was created by Rabbit and Lily in August of 2024 and co moderated by Lucky, Rain, and Ulith. It was originally put into the works on August 15th, 2024 before becoming open to the public on August 22nd, 2024. It was eventually shut down but was succeeded by minor.cafe.

== kodo.pictures ==
Created by Lucky as yet another succession in August of 2024, shut down on October 5th, 2024. After over a month of consistent uptime, the admin spoke up about their mental health being severely affected by administration, and posted a shutdown notice on October 3rd, 2024.
== love.is.notacri.me ==
== minor.cafe ==
The successor to cub.lol, ran by Rabbit, Lily, and Lucky, co moderated by Rain and Ulith. It was owned by Rain closer to the end of its lifespan.

== gimmeloli.top ==
Created by a former mod of lolison.top who, after being a mod on baise, wanted to have a more neutral instance with all the drama that involved it at the time. Its name is in reference to lolison.top, as the owner wants it to be a sort of successor to it.
== yotsu.rocks ==
== eepy.express ==
== paravielfalt.zone ==
This was an anti-c instance, made by Sirius in September 2023. The name is a play on the words "paraphilia" and "Vielfalt", the German word for diversity. It was shut down by the admins in March 2025.
== cunnyfu.cc ==
This instance was made in August 2024 by Zeke and shut down in March 2025 in the middle of scandals.

== References ==
[[Category:Original pages]]
[[Category:English]]

Pedophilic disorder

2025-05-24T18:53:20Z

Lecter:

'''Pedophilic disorder''' is a diagnosis in DSM-5-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) and ICD-11 (International Classification of Diseases). Its diagnostic criteria include sexual feelings for children and young adolescents and either a history of acting on these feelings or a sense of strong distress about them. At present, both DSM and ICD differentiate between having pedophilic disorder and being a pedophile.

Legitimacy of this diagnosis is questionable.
== DSM ==

<blockquote>

Diagnostic Criteria F65.4

A. Over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child or children (generally age 13 years or younger). 

B. The individual has acted on these sexual urges, or the sexual urges or fantasies cause marked distress or interpersonal difficulty. 

C. The individual is at least age 16 years and at least 5 years older than the child or children in Criterion A. 

Note: Do not include an individual in late adolescence involved in an ongoing sexual relationship with a 12- or 13-year-old. 

Specify whether: 
Exclusive type (attracted only to children) 
Nonexclusive type 

Specify if: 
Sexually attracted to males 
Sexually attracted to females 
Sexually attracted to both 

Specify if: 
Limited to incest </blockquote>

- DSM-5-TR<ref>[https://www.docdroid.net/1TkXiNH/dsm-5-tr-pdf#page=1485 Pedophilic Disorder], DSM-5-TR.</ref> 

The diagnosis "pedophilic disorder" has appeared in the DSM in 2013, replacing an older diagnosis "pedophilia", which did not require distress as a criterion and did not make a clear difference between just plain attraction and acting on it. This change was a part of a bigger shift towards depathologizing all paraphilias<ref>[https://jaapl.org/content/42/2/191 DSM-5 and Paraphilic Disorders], Michael B. First, Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online June 2014, 42 (2) 191-201.</ref>. The first edition of DSM-5 included the words "pedophilic sexual orientation"<ref>[https://www.docdroid.net/qSmIApN/dsm20v-pdf#page=730 Pedophilic Disorder], DSM-5.</ref>, and after accusations from the public, the word "orientation" has been changed to "interest", which was later copied to DSM-5-TR. Changing a correct term to a nearly synonymous, yet less thought-provoking one was referred to as a mistake by researchers<ref>[https://jaapl.org/content/42/4/404 Pedophilia and DSM-5: The Importance of Clearly Defining the Nature of a Pedophilic Disorder], Fred S. Berlin, Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online December 2014, 42 (4) 404-407.</ref>.

<blockquote>However, if they report an absence of feelings of guilt,
shame, or anxiety about these impulses and are not functionally limited by their paraphilic impulses (according to self-report, objective assessment, or both), and their self-reported and legally recorded histories indicate that they have never acted on their impulses, then these individuals have a pedophilic sexual orientation but not pedophilic disorder.</blockquote>
- DSM-5 at the moment of release

<blockquote>However, if they report an absence of feelings of guilt, shame, or anxiety about these impulses and are not functionally limited by their paraphilic impulses (according to self-report, objective assessment, or both), and their self-reported and legally recorded histories indicate that they have never acted on their impulses, then these individuals have a pedophilic sexual interest but not pedophilic disorder.</blockquote>
- DSM-5-TR at present

== ICD ==

<blockquote>Description 

Pedophilic disorder is characterised by a sustained, focused, and intense pattern of sexual arousal—as manifested by persistent sexual thoughts, fantasies, urges, or behaviours—involving pre-pubertal children. In addition, in order for Pedophilic Disorder to be diagnosed, the individual must have acted on these thoughts, fantasies or urges or be markedly distressed by them. This diagnosis does not apply to sexual behaviours among pre- or post-pubertal children with peers who are close in age. 

Diagnostic Requirements 

Essential (Required) Features: 

*A sustained, focused, and intense pattern of sexual arousal—as manifested by persistent sexual thoughts, fantasies, urges, or behaviours—involving pre-pubertal children. 

*The individual must have acted on these thoughts, fantasies or urges or be markedly distressed by them. 

*The diagnosis does not apply to sexual arousal and accompanying behaviour between pre- or post-pubertal children who are close in age. </blockquote>

- ICD-11<ref>[https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en#/http%3a%2f%2fid.who.int%2ficd%2fentity%2f517058174 Pedophilic Disorder], ICD-11.</ref> 

ICD-11 was established in 2019 and has officially replaced ICD-10 on January 1, 2022. The older version of this document included the diagnosis "paedophilia", which applied only to the attraction<ref>[https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/F65.4 Paedophilia], ICD-10.</ref>. It's important to note that while DSM is used within the United States of America, ICD has worldwide significance.

== Misconceptions ==

The main misconception is conflating pedophilic disorder and [[pedophilia]]. This is done by Wikipedia, which states that "Pedophilia is termed pedophilic disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11)."<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedophilia Pedophilia], Wikipedia.</ref>. This leads to many people assuming that the attraction itself is a mental illness. Conceptualizing the attraction as pathological results in wide promotion of conversion therapy and an erroneous belief that any map who considers mapness an inherent identity is uneducated and mislead. 

People who understand the nature of this disorder poorly often claim that distress and guilt about being a map is a symptom of [[Child abuse obsessive-compulsive disorder|POCD]], and that "clients who have pedophilic disorder enjoy and are aroused by sexualized thoughts and images of children, clients with P-OCD fear that they may actually enjoy or find pleasure in these images"<ref>[https://www.ocdtypes.com/pocd-ocd.php Pedophilic OCD], OCD Types, New England OCD Institute.</ref>. 

In addition to that, [[Mapmisia|mapmisiacs]] often use ableist stereotypes against maps, such as assuming poor self control, low self awareness, violent behavior.

== Criticism ==

Both DSM and ICD treat the act of sexual abuse, perpetrated by a pedophile, as a sign of a mental disorder, while no conclusion like this is made about non-pedophilic sexual abusers. 

The distressed feelings maps experience about their attraction can be rather well explained by the minority stress model, which describes internalized stigma and guilt members of hated minorities may develop.

<blockquote>For example, LGBTQ+ youth and adults who have experienced prejudice about their sexual orientation sometimes choose to conceal their sexual identity from others. Concealing such personal information causes significant psychological distress, including intrusive thoughts about the secret, shame and guilt, anxiety, and isolation from other members of the minority group. Internalized homophobia is another proximal stressor prevalent among LGBT individuals. It refers to the internalization of negative social views about homosexuality, which leads to self-hatred and poor self-regard.</blockquote>

- Wikipedia<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minority_stress#Proximal_stressors_among_sexual_minorities Minority stress, Proximal stressors among sexual minorities], Wikipedia.</ref>

<blockquote>For me, it comes with intense feelings of guilt and disgust, self loathing, and even suicidal ideation and tendencies. It does come with urges, but not in the sense that you may think. Instead, I find myself constantly and consistently thinking about being a minor attracted person and how much it impacts my life and my outlook.</blockquote>

- Midsummer's Quest, "What does Pedophilic Disorder feel like? Well..."<ref>[https://bluesmidsummer.wixsite.com/midsummerquest/post/what-does-pedophilic-disorder-feel-like-well What does Pedophilic Disorder feel like? Well...], Midsummer's Quest.</ref> 

The parallels between these two conditions were noticed not only by maps themselves, but also some researchers<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330635952_Correlates_of_Chronic_Suicidal_Ideation_Among_Community-Based_Minor-Attracted_Persons Cohen, Lisa & Wilman-Depena, Sherilyn & Barzilay, Shira & Hawes, Mariah & Yaseen, Zimri & Galynker, Igor. (2019). Correlates of Chronic Suicidal Ideation Among Community-Based Minor-Attracted Persons]. Sexual Abuse. 32. 107906321982586. 10.1177/1079063219825868.</ref>.

== References ==
[[Category:Original pages]]
[[Category:English]]

List of inactive instances of map fediverse

2025-05-24T18:49:35Z

Lecter: /* minor.cafe */

This is an a list of inactive instances of map fediverse. A list of active instances can be viewed [[List of active instances of map fediverse|here]].

== phenomenal.masto.host ==
Launched in 2019 by an ex member of map Tumblr, this was the first known map Mastodon instance. It never gained publicity and was shut down by the admin after a couple of months.
== dlf.social ==
This instance was run by a pro-contact Twitter activist Rel. It was created in 2020, a couple of weeks after [[#nnia.space|nnia.space]], and existed for a brief period of time.
== pedo.house ==
This instance was made early into map fediverse' development by a member of nnia and suspended by providers after mass reports from antis.
== pedo.school ==
Made after the suspension of [[#pedo.house|pedo.house]] by the same admin. It was unavailable for a long time due to problems with domain transfer ([https://njal.la/ Njalla] soft-suspended the domain) and later co-existed with freak.university as an almost inactive backup.
== freak.university ==
freak.university, the third iteration of pedo.school, was the longest-living instance in a series of vaguely school-themed map instances. It had an anti-bigotry policy, similar to [[#nnia.space|nnia]], but allowed NSFW posts and pro-contact advocacy.
== youjo.love ==
youjo.love was first made in summer of 2021 by a former member of map Twitter, Chizu. This site had much more lax content policy than [[#nnia.space|nnia]] or [[#freak.university|freak.university]] and allowed several openly fascist or transphobic members. At some point it was actively used by Newgon administration and members. After its domain suspension in autumn 2023, it lost most of its users, but retained partial functionality.
== hentai.baby ==
Created as a kodocon sharing instance, and eventually grew to hold many biastophiles and nepiophiles. Suspended (<code>serverHold</code>) by the [https://gen.xyz/ XYZ registry], which considers lolicon to violate their policy of [https://nic.xyz/downloads/xyz-registry-domain-name-policies.pdf?v=2.0 "child pornography or any images of child abuse" (PDF link)]
== rapemeat.shop ==
Created as a successor to [[#hentai.baby|hentai.baby]] by the same admin, suspended (<code>serverHold</code>) by the [https://get.shop/ GMO registry] just a few days after release, which deemed lolicon unacceptable "even by ''[sic]'' drawing".
== rapemeat.solutions ==
Very short-lived instance which was almost instantly banned by the registrar.
== rapemeat.express ==
Created little after the rapemeat.solutions went down by the same admin and served as a proper successor to hentai.baby. It lasted for a long time but was eventually taken down by its owner. [[#baise-moi.top|Baise]]'s admin speaks about it being a successor to it.
== rapemeat.st ==
== youjo.observer ==
This site briefly served as a replacement after [[#youjo.love|youjo.love]]'s domain suspension, but similarly went down within a couple of months.
== childpawn.shop ==
== cunny.finance ==
First pedi instance to use the soapbox frontend
== lolison.network ==
A backup for [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]], created as a pedi email provider, it evolved to mainly be a backup instance where Marder would test solutions to his main project, lolison.top. At the end of its life, it also served a forum for pedi members. It has been suspended in May 2024 by their domain provider (Epik) after reports of illegal content.
== cute.lolison.top ==
The newest iteration of [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]], made after the old site's shutdown and suspended simultaneously with lolison.network. As of 2025, it's the largest instance in the history of the pediverse, with over 2000 accounts registered. It had heavy moderation, but allowed children to be posted. It was also the first instance on the pediverse to use the Sharkey frontend.
== childlove.space ==
This instance launched the day [[#youjo.love|youjo.love]] had its domain suspended. It was created and moderated with participation of Newgon members. It was advertised as a free speech space and quickly attracted Nazis, who the administration refused to ban despite multiple complaints. In addition to that, some members used it to post CSEM. The instance went down after a short spike of activity.
== childlove.su ==
This site was meant to serve as a continuation of [[#childlove.space|childlove.space]], but inherited all of its problems and did not stay up for long.
== childlove.top ==
The third site in the series started by [[#childlove.space|childlove.space]], created in July 2024. It featured Nazi dogwhistles right on the main page. It has been taken offline by late August 2024 for unknown reasons.
== tooters.fun ==
== offkey.cat ==
This instance, primarily intended for para art, was made by Ezra in mid autumn 2023 and suspended by the domain provider in December 2023 due to mass reports from antis.
== oddballs.online ==
This was a successor of [[#offkey.cat|offkey.cat]], launched by Ezra in the beginning of 2024. It has been at the center of attention of Twitter and Telegram antis for multiple months after the launch. Eventually repeated DDOS attacks have caused its admin to shut it down in August 2024.
== sing.offkey.wtf ==
This was an activism-focused branch of [[#oddballs.online|oddballs.online]].
== clown.university ==
== cutecatgirls.cafe ==
This instance was made in June 2024 by Lucky, intended as a pro-contact youth-lib aligned AAM safe space. This also marks the first youth-made and operated MAP Fediverse instance. The site's lifetime ran until June 28th, 2024 due to extensive drama and the owner's withdrawal from Fediverse over the span of a few days, and was succeeded by [[#miiverse.cafe|miiverse.cafe]] on July 1st, 2024.
== imouto.pics ==
Created by Rachel as a spiritual successor to [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]] in May 2024, suspended in July 2024 by the .XYZ registry. Note that although the [https://icannwiki.org/.pics ICANN wiki] lists the registry as Uniregistry, WHOIS data lists .pics as being owned by the [https://gen.xyz/ XYZ registry], which also lists .pics as owned by them.
== imouto.exposed ==
Created by Rachel in July 2024 as a successor to [[#imouto.pics|imouto.pics]]. Suspended 2024-08-23 by the Identity Digital registry (<code>serverHold</code>).
== miiverse.cafe ==
This instance was made in July 2024 by Lucky, intended as a spiritual successor to [[#cutecatgirls.cafe|cutecatgirls.cafe]], sharing the same fundamental values as its' predecessor from June. Miiverse was temporarily defederated by a large majority of MAP Fediverse instances due to aforementioned drama. Miiverse.cafe was shut down on August 27th, 2024, and succeeded by [[#kodo.pictures|kodo.pictures]].
== cannibal.cafe ==
== tummy.town ==
This instance was made by Luwa in 2023. It was advertised as a space for chronologically adult maps and other minorities.
== cub.lol ==
This instance was created by Rabbit, Lily, and Lucky in August of 2024 and co moderated by Rain and Ulith. It was originally put into the works on August 15th, 2024 before becoming open to the public on August 22nd, 2024. It was eventually shut down but was succeeded by minor.cafe.

== kodo.pictures ==
Created by Lucky as yet another succession in August of 2024, shut down on October 5th, 2024. After over a month of consistent uptime, the admin spoke up about their mental health being severely affected by administration, and posted a shutdown notice on October 3rd, 2024.
== love.is.notacri.me ==
== minor.cafe ==
The successor to cub.lol, ran by Rabbit, Lily, and Lucky, co moderated by Rain and Ulith. It was owned by Rain closer to the end of its lifespan.

== gimmeloli.top ==
Created by a former mod of lolison.top who, after being a mod on baise, wanted to have a more neutral instance with all the drama that involved it at the time. Its name is in reference to lolison.top, as the owner wants it to be a sort of successor to it.
== yotsu.rocks ==
== eepy.express ==
== paravielfalt.zone ==
This was an anti-c instance, made by Sirius in September 2023. The name is a play on the words "paraphilia" and "Vielfalt", the German word for diversity. It was shut down by the admins in March 2025.
== cunnyfu.cc ==
This instance was made in August 2024 by Zeke and shut down in March 2025 in the middle of scandals.

== References ==
[[Category:Original pages]]
[[Category:English]]

List of inactive instances of map fediverse

2025-05-24T18:39:25Z

Lecter: /* cub.lol */

This is an a list of inactive instances of map fediverse. A list of active instances can be viewed [[List of active instances of map fediverse|here]].

== phenomenal.masto.host ==
Launched in 2019 by an ex member of map Tumblr, this was the first known map Mastodon instance. It never gained publicity and was shut down by the admin after a couple of months.
== dlf.social ==
This instance was run by a pro-contact Twitter activist Rel. It was created in 2020, a couple of weeks after [[#nnia.space|nnia.space]], and existed for a brief period of time.
== pedo.house ==
This instance was made early into map fediverse' development by a member of nnia and suspended by providers after mass reports from antis.
== pedo.school ==
Made after the suspension of [[#pedo.house|pedo.house]] by the same admin. It was unavailable for a long time due to problems with domain transfer ([https://njal.la/ Njalla] soft-suspended the domain) and later co-existed with freak.university as an almost inactive backup.
== freak.university ==
freak.university, the third iteration of pedo.school, was the longest-living instance in a series of vaguely school-themed map instances. It had an anti-bigotry policy, similar to [[#nnia.space|nnia]], but allowed NSFW posts and pro-contact advocacy.
== youjo.love ==
youjo.love was first made in summer of 2021 by a former member of map Twitter, Chizu. This site had much more lax content policy than [[#nnia.space|nnia]] or [[#freak.university|freak.university]] and allowed several openly fascist or transphobic members. At some point it was actively used by Newgon administration and members. After its domain suspension in autumn 2023, it lost most of its users, but retained partial functionality.
== hentai.baby ==
Created as a kodocon sharing instance, and eventually grew to hold many biastophiles and nepiophiles. Suspended (<code>serverHold</code>) by the [https://gen.xyz/ XYZ registry], which considers lolicon to violate their policy of [https://nic.xyz/downloads/xyz-registry-domain-name-policies.pdf?v=2.0 "child pornography or any images of child abuse" (PDF link)]
== rapemeat.shop ==
Created as a successor to [[#hentai.baby|hentai.baby]] by the same admin, suspended (<code>serverHold</code>) by the [https://get.shop/ GMO registry] just a few days after release, which deemed lolicon unacceptable "even by ''[sic]'' drawing".
== rapemeat.solutions ==
Very short-lived instance which was almost instantly banned by the registrar.
== rapemeat.express ==
Created little after the rapemeat.solutions went down by the same admin and served as a proper successor to hentai.baby. It lasted for a long time but was eventually taken down by its owner. [[#baise-moi.top|Baise]]'s admin speaks about it being a successor to it.
== rapemeat.st ==
== youjo.observer ==
This site briefly served as a replacement after [[#youjo.love|youjo.love]]'s domain suspension, but similarly went down within a couple of months.
== childpawn.shop ==
== cunny.finance ==
First pedi instance to use the soapbox frontend
== lolison.network ==
A backup for [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]], created as a pedi email provider, it evolved to mainly be a backup instance where Marder would test solutions to his main project, lolison.top. At the end of its life, it also served a forum for pedi members. It has been suspended in May 2024 by their domain provider (Epik) after reports of illegal content.
== cute.lolison.top ==
The newest iteration of [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]], made after the old site's shutdown and suspended simultaneously with lolison.network. As of 2025, it's the largest instance in the history of the pediverse, with over 2000 accounts registered. It had heavy moderation, but allowed children to be posted. It was also the first instance on the pediverse to use the Sharkey frontend.
== childlove.space ==
This instance launched the day [[#youjo.love|youjo.love]] had its domain suspended. It was created and moderated with participation of Newgon members. It was advertised as a free speech space and quickly attracted Nazis, who the administration refused to ban despite multiple complaints. In addition to that, some members used it to post CSEM. The instance went down after a short spike of activity.
== childlove.su ==
This site was meant to serve as a continuation of [[#childlove.space|childlove.space]], but inherited all of its problems and did not stay up for long.
== childlove.top ==
The third site in the series started by [[#childlove.space|childlove.space]], created in July 2024. It featured Nazi dogwhistles right on the main page. It has been taken offline by late August 2024 for unknown reasons.
== tooters.fun ==
== offkey.cat ==
This instance, primarily intended for para art, was made by Ezra in mid autumn 2023 and suspended by the domain provider in December 2023 due to mass reports from antis.
== oddballs.online ==
This was a successor of [[#offkey.cat|offkey.cat]], launched by Ezra in the beginning of 2024. It has been at the center of attention of Twitter and Telegram antis for multiple months after the launch. Eventually repeated DDOS attacks have caused its admin to shut it down in August 2024.
== sing.offkey.wtf ==
This was an activism-focused branch of [[#oddballs.online|oddballs.online]].
== clown.university ==
== cutecatgirls.cafe ==
This instance was made in June 2024 by Lucky, intended as a pro-contact youth-lib aligned AAM safe space. This also marks the first youth-made and operated MAP Fediverse instance. The site's lifetime ran until June 28th, 2024 due to extensive drama and the owner's withdrawal from Fediverse over the span of a few days, and was succeeded by [[#miiverse.cafe|miiverse.cafe]] on July 1st, 2024.
== imouto.pics ==
Created by Rachel as a spiritual successor to [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]] in May 2024, suspended in July 2024 by the .XYZ registry. Note that although the [https://icannwiki.org/.pics ICANN wiki] lists the registry as Uniregistry, WHOIS data lists .pics as being owned by the [https://gen.xyz/ XYZ registry], which also lists .pics as owned by them.
== imouto.exposed ==
Created by Rachel in July 2024 as a successor to [[#imouto.pics|imouto.pics]]. Suspended 2024-08-23 by the Identity Digital registry (<code>serverHold</code>).
== miiverse.cafe ==
This instance was made in July 2024 by Lucky, intended as a spiritual successor to [[#cutecatgirls.cafe|cutecatgirls.cafe]], sharing the same fundamental values as its' predecessor from June. Miiverse was temporarily defederated by a large majority of MAP Fediverse instances due to aforementioned drama. Miiverse.cafe was shut down on August 27th, 2024, and succeeded by [[#kodo.pictures|kodo.pictures]].
== cannibal.cafe ==
== tummy.town ==
This instance was made by Luwa in 2023. It was advertised as a space for chronologically adult maps and other minorities.
== cub.lol ==
This instance was created by Rabbit, Lily, and Lucky in August of 2024 and co moderated by Rain and Ulith. It was originally put into the works on August 15th, 2024 before becoming open to the public on August 22nd, 2024. It was eventually shut down but was succeeded by minor.cafe.

== kodo.pictures ==
Created by Lucky as yet another succession in August of 2024, shut down on October 5th, 2024. After over a month of consistent uptime, the admin spoke up about their mental health being severely affected by administration, and posted a shutdown notice on October 3rd, 2024.
== love.is.notacri.me ==
== minor.cafe ==
The successor to cub.lol, ran by Lucky, Rain, and Ulith.
== gimmeloli.top ==
Created by a former mod of lolison.top who, after being a mod on baise, wanted to have a more neutral instance with all the drama that involved it at the time. Its name is in reference to lolison.top, as the owner wants it to be a sort of successor to it.
== yotsu.rocks ==
== eepy.express ==
== paravielfalt.zone ==
This was an anti-c instance, made by Sirius in September 2023. The name is a play on the words "paraphilia" and "Vielfalt", the German word for diversity. It was shut down by the admins in March 2025.
== cunnyfu.cc ==
This instance was made in August 2024 by Zeke and shut down in March 2025 in the middle of scandals.

== References ==
[[Category:Original pages]]
[[Category:English]]

Nepiophilia

2025-05-18T10:32:04Z

Lecter:

[[File:Nepio flag.png|thumb|right|The nepiophile flag]]
'''Nepiophilia''' is an attraction to children under five years of age. Sometimes it is defined only as an attraction to toddlers (ages 1-4), with [[infantophilia]] being a separate term for an attraction towards even younger ages, sometimes it is used as an umbrella term that includes infantophilia as a subcategory. Sometimes these terms are seen as synonymous.

== History of the term ==
The term consists of the Greek "νήπιος" (népios) meaning "infant" or "child," which derives from "ne" and "epos" meaning "not speaking." This is worth clarifying, as there exists another similar Greek root "νέπους" or "νέποδες" meaning "children," or Latin "nepos," "nepotis" meaning "nephew" or "grandson," which does not explain the letter i in "nepio." And φιλία (philía) in turn means "love."

The first mention of the term in a meaning different from contemporary - attraction to "diapered infants" - is credited to John Money in 1990<ref>[Goode, S. (2009). Understanding and Addressing Adult Sexual Attraction to Children: A Study of Paedophiles in Contemporary Society (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203873748.</ref>.
== Symbols ==
The nepiophile flag (pictured above) was designed by Pappy in March 2022. They also made a nepio caterpillar in 2020, taking inspiration from the [[childlove]] butterfly.
<gallery>
File:Nepio caterpillar.png|The nepio caterpillar
</gallery>

== Misconceptions ==
Empirical studies show that in the vast majority of cases nepiophilia does not overlap with [[Pedophilia|pedophilia]] and that among pedophiles the attraction to children of the nepiophile age group occurs in less than 10% of cases<ref>Bernard, Frits. (1985). [https://www.ipce.info/booksreborn/bernard/factual.htm#IV ''Paedophilia: A factual report'']. Enclave.</ref>, so the identification of nepiophilia and pedophilia or calling the former a sub-type of the latter is fundamentally wrong. In fact, nepiophilia is much less common than [[Hebephilia|hebephilia]] and [[Ephebophilia|ephebophilia]], making it the least common of the minor attractions. Due to that non-prevalence, there is much less publicly available information on it than on any other chronophilia. Although according to Howells (1981)<ref>Howells, Kevin. (1981). Considerations Relevant to Theories of Etiology. In Mark Cook and Kevin Howells (Eds.), ''Adult Sexual Interest in Children''. London: Academic Press.</ref>, Bernard (1982)<ref>Bernard, Frits. (1982). Pädophilie und Altersgrenzen ("Paedophilia and Different Ages of Childhood"). In ''Kinderschänder?—Pädophilie: Von der Liebe mit Kindern'' (''Child Molesters?—Paedophilia: On Childlove''), 81-109. Berlin: Foerster Verlag.</ref>, McConaghy (1993)<ref>McConaghy, Nathaniel. (1993). ''Sexual Behaviour: Problems and Management'', 312. New York: Plenum. Retrieved from [https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=BC4ECC209362DAFE5DD2DEF827628A15 Library Genesis].</ref>, and Lautmann (1994)<ref>Lautmann, Rüdiger. (1994). Unterschiede zwischen Knaben- und Mädchenliebe ("Differences Between Boy- and Girl-Love"). In ''Die Lust am Kind. Portrait des Pädophilen'' (''Erotic Affection for Minors: Portrait of Paedophilia''), 36-40. Hamburg: Ingrid Klein Verlag. Retrieved from the [https://archive.org/details/dielustamkindpor0000laut Internet Archive].</ref>, male-oriented pedophilia more prevalently blends in with ephebophilia, while female-oriented pedophilia more prevalently blends in with nepiophilia.

== References ==
[[Category:Original pages]]
[[Category:English]]

List of inactive instances of map fediverse

2025-04-05T21:23:29Z

Lecter:

This is an a list of inactive instances of map fediverse. A list of active instances can be viewed [[List of active instances of map fediverse|here]].

== phenomenal.masto.host ==
Launched in 2019 by an ex member of map Tumblr, this was the first known map Mastodon instance. It never gained publicity and was shut down by the admin after a couple of months.
== dlf.social ==
This instance was run by a pro-contact Twitter activist Rel. It was created in 2020, a couple of weeks after [[#nnia.space|nnia.space]], and existed for a brief period of time.
== pedo.house ==
This instance was made early into map fediverse' development by a member of nnia and suspended by providers after mass reports from antis.
== pedo.school ==
Made after the suspension of [[#pedo.house|pedo.house]] by the same admin. It was unavailable for a long time due to problems with domain transfer ([https://njal.la/ Njalla] soft-suspended the domain) and later co-existed with freak.university as an almost inactive backup.
== freak.university ==
freak.university, the third iteration of pedo.school, was the longest-living instance in a series of vaguely school-themed map instances. It had an anti-bigotry policy, similar to [[#nnia.space|nnia]], but allowed NSFW posts and pro-contact advocacy.
== youjo.love ==
youjo.love was first made in summer of 2021 by a former member of map Twitter, Chizu. This site had much more lax content policy than [[#nnia.space|nnia]] or [[#freak.university|freak.university]] and allowed several openly fascist or transphobic members. At some point it was actively used by Newgon administration and members. After its domain suspension in autumn 2023, it lost most of its users, but retained partial functionality.
== hentai.baby ==
Created as a kodocon sharing instance, and eventually grew to hold many biastophiles and nepiophiles. Suspended (<code>serverHold</code>) by the [https://gen.xyz/ XYZ registry], which considers lolicon to violate their policy of [https://nic.xyz/downloads/xyz-registry-domain-name-policies.pdf?v=2.0 "child pornography or any images of child abuse" (PDF link)]
== rapemeat.shop ==
Created as a successor to [[#hentai.baby|hentai.baby]] by the same admin, suspended (<code>serverHold</code>) by the [https://get.shop/ GMO registry], which deemed lolicon unacceptable "even by ''[sic]'' drawing".
== rapemeat.solutions ==
== rapemeat.express ==
== rapemeat.st ==
== youjo.observer ==
This site briefly served as a replacement after [[#youjo.love|youjo.love]]'s domain suspension, but similarly went down within a couple of months.
== childpawn.shop ==
== cunny.finance ==
== lolison.top ==
This instance was made in the end of 2021 - beginning of 2022 by a former member of childpawn.shop/cunny.finance, Marder. Eventually it started experiencing a range of technical issues and was shut down in the end of 2023. Later its domain redirected to [[#cute.lolison.top|cute.lolison.top]].
== lolison.network ==
A backup for [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]], created as a temporary solution while the original site was malfunctioning. It has been suspended in May 2024 by their domain provider (Epik) after reports of illegal content.
== cute.lolison.top ==
The newest iteration of [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]], made after the old site's shutdown and suspended simultaneously with lolison.network.
== ghetti.monster ==
Spaghettimon's private instance, suspended simultaneously with [[#lolison.network|lolison.network]] as the domain was also owned by Marder.
== childlove.space ==
This instance launched the day [[#youjo.love|youjo.love]] had its domain suspended. It was created and moderated with participation of Newgon members. It was advertised as a free speech space and quickly attracted Nazis, who the administration refused to ban despite multiple complaints. In addition to that, some members used it to post CSEM. The instance went down after a short spike of activity.
== childlove.su ==
This site was meant to serve as a continuation of [[#childlove.space|childlove.space]], but inherited all of its problems and did not stay up for long.
== childlove.top ==
The third site in the series started by [[#childlove.space|childlove.space]], created in July 2024. It featured Nazi dogwhistles right on the main page. It has been taken offline by late August 2024 for unknown reasons.
== tooters.fun ==
== offkey.cat ==
This instance, primarily intended for para art, was made by Ezra in mid autumn 2023 and suspended by the domain provider in December 2023 due to mass reports from antis.
== oddballs.online ==
This was a successor of [[#offkey.cat|offkey.cat]], launched by Ezra in the beginning of 2024. It has been at the center of attention of Twitter and Telegram antis for multiple months after the launch. Eventually repeated DDOS attacks have caused its admin to shut it down in August 2024.
== sing.offkey.wtf ==
This was an activism-focused branch of [[#oddballs.online|oddballs.online]].
== clown.university ==
== cutecatgirls.cafe ==
This instance was made in June 2024 by Lucky, intended as a pro-contact youth-lib aligned AAM safe space. This also marks the first youth-made and operated MAP Fediverse instance. The site's lifetime ran until June 28th, 2024 due to extensive drama and the owner's withdrawal from Fediverse over the span of a few days, and was succeeded by [[#miiverse.cafe|miiverse.cafe]] on July 1st, 2024.
== imouto.pics ==
Created by Rachel as a spiritual successor to [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]] in May 2024, suspended in July 2024 by the .XYZ registry. Note that although the [https://icannwiki.org/.pics ICANN wiki] lists the registry as Uniregistry, WHOIS data lists .pics as being owned by the [https://gen.xyz/ XYZ registry], which also lists .pics as owned by them.
== imouto.exposed ==
Created by Rachel in July 2024 as a successor to [[#imouto.pics|imouto.pics]]. Suspended 2024-08-23 by the Identity Digital registry (<code>serverHold</code>).
== miiverse.cafe ==
This instance was made in July 2024 by Lucky, intended as a spiritual successor to [[#cutecatgirls.cafe|cutecatgirls.cafe]], sharing the same fundamental values as its' predecessor from June. Miiverse was temporarily defederated by a large majority of MAP Fediverse instances due to aforementioned drama. Miiverse.cafe was shut down on August 27th, 2024, and succeeded by [[#kodo.pictures|kodo.pictures]].
== cannibal.cafe ==
== tummy.town ==
This instance was made by Luwa in 2023. It was advertised as a space for chronologically adult maps and other minorities.
== cub.lol ==
This instance was created by Lucky, Rain, and Ulith in August of 2024. It was originally put into the works on August 15th, 2024 before becoming open to the public on August 22nd, 2024. It was eventually shut down but was succeeded by minor.cafe.
== kodo.pictures ==
Created by Lucky as yet another succession in August of 2024, shut down on October 5th, 2024. After over a month of consistent uptime, the admin spoke up about their mental health being severely affected by administration, and posted a shutdown notice on October 3rd, 2024.
== love.is.notacri.me ==
== minor.cafe ==
The successor to cub.lol, ran by Lucky, Rain, and Ulith.
== gimmeloli.top ==
== yotsu.rocks ==
== eepy.express ==
== paravielfalt.zone ==
This was an anti-c instance, made by Sirius in September 2023. The name is a play on the words "paraphilia" and "Vielfalt", the German word for diversity. It was shut down by the admins in March 2025.
== cunnyfu.cc ==
This instance was made in August 2024 by Zeke and shut down in March 2025 in the middle of scandals.

== References ==
[[Category:Original pages]]
[[Category:English]]

List of active instances of map fediverse

2025-04-05T21:22:56Z

Lecter:

This is an a list of active instances of map fediverse as per April 5, 2025. A list of inactive instances can be viewed [[List of inactive instances of map fediverse|here]].

== nnia.space ==
nnia.space was co-founded by Lecter and Alice in May 2020 and became the starting point of map fediverse. This instance has anti bigotry rules, does not permit NSFW images and arguments in defense of the pro-contact stance.
== nnia.cc ==
nnia.cc is a daughter instance of [[#nnia.space|nnia.space]], created as a back up in autumn of 2023. It has mostly the same rules, but is not connected to other instances and has a more private atmosphere.
== mapsupport.de ==
This instance was made by Consuela in March 2023. It has German-speaking and English-speaking users.
== rape.pet ==
== fedi.yesmap.net ==
The official [[Newgon]] instance, launched in spring of 2024 after shutdown of their Matrix server. Many other map instances defederated it due to hostile interaction with a nazi member and threats.
== allykotetsu.com ==
== baise-moi.top ==
== cottoncandy.cafe ==
== cunny.beauty ==
== littlepvy7m36y7sxapt3upt5lytryvkchvetpiui6wbpapxdhkhmcid.onion.tor.observer ==
== mesugaki.xyz ==
== pawuwu.net ==
== poni.cc ==
== puppyspace.org ==
== radqueer.net ==
== rqd2.net ==
== socks.cafe ==
== vampires.pet ==
== whitewomen.dog ==
== yiffy.pet ==
== zooey.cat ==
== gimmeloli.cc ==
== References ==
[[Category:Original pages]]
[[Category:English]]

Common misconceptions about maps

2025-03-19T02:11:10Z

Lecter: /* The nature of minor attraction */

This post is intended to be used as an informative and educational tool by anyone who encounters these misconceptions and wishes to correct them.
== The nature of minor attraction ==
=== "Pedophilia is a mental illness" ===

'''TL;DR: There is a difference between the diagnosis of pedophilic disorder and pedophia, and this difference is acknowledged by professionals.'''

Pedophilia is frequently equated to the diagnosis of pedophilic disorder. In reality, currently both the International Classification of Diseases (maintained by the World Health Organization) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (maintained by the American Psychiatric Association) recognize the difference between having an attraction to children and having a mental disorder.

"If individuals also complain that their sexual attractions or preferences for children are causing marked distress or psychosocial difficulties, they may be diagnosed with pedophilic disorder. However, if they report an absence of feelings of guilt, shame, or anxiety about these impulses and are not functionally limited by their paraphilic impulses (according to self-report, objective assessment, or both), and their self-reported and legally recorded histories indicate that they have never acted on their impulses, then these individuals have a pedophilic sexual interest but not pedophilic disorder."

[https://www.docdroid.net/1TkXiNH/dsm-5-tr-pdf#page=1487 DSM-5-TR, Pedophilic disorder]

"In addition, in order for Pedophilic Disorder to be diagnosed, the individual must have acted on these thoughts, fantasies or urges or be markedly distressed by them."

[https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en#517058174 ICD-11, Pedophilic disorder]

"Pedophilia is defined as an ongoing sexual attraction toward pre-pubertal children (Freund, 1963, 1967; Seto, 2009). In the new DSM-5, pedophilia is de-pathologized by differentiating between the sexual preference for prepubescent children (i.e., pedophilia) and the disorder in case of additional factors. These factors include experiencing significant distress and impairment by fantasies and urges, or the acting out on behavioral level, including child pornography consumption and/or committing hands-on CSA offenses."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4478390/ Tenbergen, G., Wittfoth, M., Frieling, H., Ponseti, J., Walter, M., Walter, H., Beier, K. M., Schiffer, B., & Kruger, T. H. (2015). The Neurobiology and Psychology of Pedophilia: Recent Advances and Challenges. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 9, 344. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00344]

Similar changes were made to diagnoses, related to other paraphilias.

=== "'Map' is a politically correct term made up to normalize pedophilia" ===

'''TL;DR: "Map" is a term that was invented by a journalist and is actively used by researchers and mental health professionals. It is not simply another word for "pedophile", but covers a range of attractions where pedophilia is only one of them: infantophilia, nepiophilia, pedophilia, hebephilia, and, sometimes, ephebophilia. Maps who do fall under the scientific definition of "pedophilia" overwhelmingly tend to accept the pedophile identity.'''

The term "minor attraction" in a construction "minor attracted adults" was first introduced by a non-map journalist Heather Elizabeth Peterson in 1998.

"So what do you think of the term 'minor-attracted adults'? It sounds a bit silly to my ears, but maybe that's just because I hate neologisms. It certainly says what I'm trying to say. It's more accurate than 'child-attracted adult' because there's a lot of dispute over what constitutes a child, and though it does leave teenage boylovers out of the picture, one could always use the term 'minor-attracted person' if one wanted to include them."

[https://map-wiki.com/index.php/Minor/youth_attraction#Minor_attraction_as_a_term Map Wiki, part of H.E. Peterson's message to a map forum on October 19, 1998]

"The discussions of biblical and theological issues associated with pedophilia were brief, the statements did not mention the place of minor-attracted adults in society, and no pastoral guidance was offered to pedophiles who wished to follow church rules."

[https://www.helping-people.info/articles/oxymoron.htm "Not an Oxymoron" by H.E. Peterson, Greenbelt Interfaith News, Philia, December 1998]

The term has since been incorporated by mental health organizations.

"We started using the term MAP around 2007. The late Michael Melsheimer, our co-founder, introduced "minor-attracted person" as an alternative to "minor-attracted adult," to reflect that most MAPs realize these attractions before they are adults themselves."

[https://x.com/B4U_ACT/status/1178872015375290369 B4U-ACT official account on Twitter]

"We use this term to refer to adults who experience feelings of preferential sexual attraction to children or adolescents under the age of consent, as well as adolescents who have such feelings for younger children. It is important to realize that these sexual feelings are usually accompanied by feelings of emotional attraction, similar to the romantic feelings most adults have for other adults."

[https://www.b4uact.org/about-us/faq/ B4U-ACT, FAQ]

In addition to that, "map" has come to cover more than just "pedophile". Pedophilia does not actually mean attraction to anyone under 18, it refers to an attraction to prepubescents.

"Pedophilia is defined clinically as a recurrent, intense sexual attraction to prepubescent children."

[https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2018-33719-002 Seto, M. C. (2018). Defining pedophilia. In M. C Seto, Pedophilia and sexual offending against children: Theory, assessment, and intervention (2nd ed., pp. 9–30). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000107-002]

"In this article, I briefly review research on nepiophilia (infant/toddlers), pedophilia (prepubescent children), hebephilia (pubescent children), ephebophilia (postpubescent, sexually maturing adolescents), teleiophilia (young sexually mature adults, typically 20s and 30s), mesophilia (middle-aged adults, typically 40s and 50s), and gerontophilia (elderly adults, typically 60s and older) in the context of a multidimensional sexual orientations framework."

[https://zero.sci-hub.se/6128/cb925f232cf2f81ab0ab0b1c05257af3/10.1007@s10508-016-0799-y.pdf Seto M. C. (2017). The Puzzle of Male Chronophilias. Archives of sexual behavior, 46(1), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0799-y]

"The phrase “minor attraction” acts as an umbrella term to describe a range of chronophilic orientations. A chronophilia is a distinct type of sexual attraction pattern that varies as a function of the ages of preferred sexual targets (Seto, 2017). The most studied chronophilic category is pedophilia, which is defined as a primary or exclusive sexual attraction to pre-pubertal children, typically between the ages of 3 and 10 years (Blanchard et al., 2009). However, Seto’s (2017) model of chronophilias takes a much broader view and acknowledges that some people may have sexual preferences for younger infants (nepiophilia), pubescent children aged 11–14 years (hebephilia), or older minors who, depending on the legal code of a given jurisdiction, may be below the age of consent (ephebophilia). This latter category is controversial, in that some argue how some level of sexual attraction to post-pubescent minors who are approaching the age of consent is a normative form of sexuality (for a discussion, see Stephens & Seto, 2016). Seto’s (2017) chronophilias continue to encompass attractions to adults of traditional reproductive age (teleiophilia), middle age (mesophilia), and older age (gerontophilia). For the purposes of this paper, we consider “minor attraction” to encompass the nepiophilic, pedophilic, and hebephilic attraction categories."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8888496/ Lievesley, R., & Lapworth, R. (2022). "We Do Exist": The Experiences of Women Living with a Sexual Interest in Minors. Archives of sexual behavior, 51(2), 879–896. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-021-02160-z]

=== "Self-identified maps reject being called pedophiles" ===
'''TL;DR: Most pedophiles do not object to being identified as pedophiles and use this label alongside calling themselves maps.'''

"Overall, quantitative data showed acceptance of “pedophile/hebephile” as well as a range of alternative labels in a personal (Labeling Oneself) and a professional context (Being Labeled by Others). “Minor-attracted person” and “pedophile/hebephile” received generally higher support than other terms and appeared to be least divisive across three major online fora. <...> We detected the wordstem “hebe” or “pedo” (including spelling variants “paedo” or “pädo”) in 136 individual responses (i.e., 48%, not counting two cases where participants used it in a negative sense, e.g., "anything but pedophile"). Among these 136 participants, 100 explicitly included the words “pedophile” and/or “hebephile” or a close variant or combination (e.g., pedohebephile, nepiopedophile, pedo, homopaedophile, non-oﬀending pedophile) as a noun referring to a person."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/364024544_Pedophile_Child_Lover_or_Minor-Attracted_Person_Attitudes_Toward_Labels_Among_People_Who_are_Sexually_Attracted_to_Children Jahnke, Sara & Blagden, Nicholas & Hill, Laura. (2022). Pedophile, Child Lover, or Minor-Attracted Person? Attitudes Toward Labels Among People Who are Sexually Attracted to Children. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 51. 1-15. 10.1007/s10508-022-02331-6.]

"73% of maps who fit the definition of pedophilia had a positive attitude towards this label, while 23% were neutral and 4% were negative. Among maps who do not fit the definition of pedophilia these numbers were 42%, 45%, and 12% accordingly."

[https://map-wiki.com/index.php/Pedophilia Map Wiki, Pedophilia]

"We felt it was appropriate to include response options such as pedophile and hebephile as these terms are frequently used on online forums, even though these terms are not consistent with American Psychological Association guidelines regarding person-centered language. The most endorsed terms were child lover (51.6%), pedophile (51.0%), and Minor Attracted Person (40.2%). The total does not add up to 100% as participants could have chosen multiple answers."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9 Martijn, F. M., Babchishin, K. M., Pullman, L. E., & Seto, M. C. (2020). Sexual Attraction and Falling in Love in Persons with Pedohebephilia. Archives of Sexual Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9]

"In general, participants endorsed multiple sexual orientation identities. From the list provided in the survey, and including any identities that participants elected to write-in, participants endorsed an average of 3.73 sexual orientation identities (SD = 1.63, range: 1-10). Specifically regarding minor attraction identities, participants endorsed an average of 2.53 identities (SD = 1.06, range: 0-5). The most commonly endorsed identity overall was “pedophile,” with 123 out of 160 participants identifying that way. Many participants also labeled themselves using other chronophilic labels, such as “hebephile” (N = 82) and “ephebophile” (N = 55)."

[https://ecommons.cornell.edu/items/a86330d9-5a3d-4013-af85-667f9f2232a0 Cash, B.M. (2016). Self-Identifications, Sexual Development, And Wellbeing In Minor-Attracted People: An Exploratory Study.]

=== "DSM listed pedophilia as a sexual orientation by mistake" ===

'''TL;DR: In 2013 DSM-5 used to refer to pedophilia with words "pedophilic sexual orientation", and after pressure from the public, the phrase was changed to "pedophilic sexual interest". The change was done due to harassment and did not reflect any actual change of opinion among researchers, who still continue exploring it as an orientation.'''

"In the face of significant criticism of its inclusion in the DSM-5, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) has stated its intention to remove the term Pedophilic Sexual Orientation from the diagnostic manual.2 Removing that term in response to public criticism would be a mistake. Experiencing ongoing sexual attractions to prepubescent children is, in essence, a form of sexual orientation, and acknowledging that reality can help to distinguish the mental makeup that is inherent to Pedophilia, from acts of child sexual abuse."

[https://jaapl.org/content/42/4/404 Pedophilia and DSM-5: The Importance of Clearly Defining the Nature of a Pedophilic Disorder, Fred S. Berlin, Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online Dec 2014, 42 (4) 404-407]

"By the above deﬁnition of sexual orientation — and most common deﬁnitions of sexual orientation — pedophilia can be viewed as a sexual age orientation based on the more limited evidence available regarding its age of onset, associations with sexual and romantic behavior, and stability over time. Though there are clearly differences in some respects, there are also striking similarities in the research literature on pedophilia."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6 Seto, M. C. (2012). Is Pedophilia a Sexual Orientation? Archives of Sexual Behavior, 41(1), 231–236. doi:10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6]

=== "Maps do not experience romantic feelings" ===

'''TL;DR: While it is common to depict mapness as solely a sexual "urge", most maps are romantically attracted to children and teenagers in their preferred age range.'''

"The majority (72%) of participants reported they had fallen in love with a child in their lifetime. Participants reported greater feelings of attachment to children than feelings of infatuation. Though sexual attraction and falling in love were strongly correlated, they were not synonymous."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9 Martijn, F. M., Babchishin, K. M., Pullman, L. E., & Seto, M. C. (2020). Sexual Attraction and Falling in Love in Persons with Pedohebephilia. Archives of Sexual Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9]

"Overall, romantic attraction to minors resembles romantic attraction to adults."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39118553/ Levitan, J. A., Martijn, F. M., Santaguida, M., & Seto, M. C. (2024). Minor-Attracted Men's Lived Experiences of Romantic Attraction. Journal of sex & marital therapy, 50(7), 811–824. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2024.2385909]

=== "Maps are incapable of being attracted to adults or entering a relationship with an adult" ===
'''TL;DR: mapness indicates presence of attraction towards youth, not absence of attraction towards adults. Many maps are attracted to both childhood and adulthood.'''

"A small minority of participants (4.4%; 52/1,189) was more attracted to adults than to children, although our recruitment procedure and inclusion criteria ensured at least moderate attraction to the latter. A larger minority (13.1%; 156/1,189) of participants was equally attracted to their highest rated categories of children and of adults."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1037/abn0000212 Bailey, J. M., Hsu, K. J., & Bernhard, P. A. (2016). An Internet study of men sexually attracted to children: Sexual attraction patterns. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(7), 976–988. doi:10.1037/abn0000212]

"A notable proportion of individuals with pedohebephilic report having current or past relationships with adults (21-63% [15, 24, 25, 27, 32 ••, 60]) and having fallen in love with an adult [60]. The reasons non-preferential pedohebephilic individuals engage in sexual and romantic behavior with adults are comparable to reasons teleiophiles give [72,74]; whereas exclusive pedohebephiles' reasons reflect more closely the reasons asexual teleiophiles engage in sex with adults (i.e., to provide a partner with pleasure [72]). While these rates of relationships with adult partners tend to be lower than comparison samples of teleiophiles [4], pedohebephiles pursue, enjoy, and maintain long-terms intimate relationships with adults."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377205876_The_Subjective_Experience_of_Individuals_with_Pedohebephilic_Interest McPhail, Ian. (2024). The Subjective Experience of Individuals with Pedohebephilic Interest. Current Sexual Health Reports. 16. 1-12. 10.1007/s11930-023-00381-y.]

"The majority of our sample (71.6%; n=219/306) reported having fallen in love with a child who was 14 or younger when the participants themselves were 18 or older. Over half of the participants (55.6%; n=170/306) reported having fallen in love with an adult (someone who was 18 or older)."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9 Martijn, F. M., Babchishin, K. M., Pullman, L. E., & Seto, M. C. (2020). Sexual Attraction and Falling in Love in Persons with Pedohebephilia. Archives of Sexual Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9]

== Maps and sexual abuse ==
=== "Pedophilia is illegal" ===

'''TL;DR: Pedophilia by itself is not illegal the way child sexual abuse is.'''

"While pedophilia itself does not give rise to criminal liability, acting on it does."

[https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/pedophilia Cornell Law School, Legal Information Institute, Pedophilia]

"Pedophilia is often confused with pedosexuality. Pedosexuality refers to sexual behavior or acts towards children. The distinction is crucial: pedophilia as a sexual preference itself is not illegal; however, engaging in pedosexual acts with minors is."

[https://degroote-deman.be/en/news/from-sensation-to-precision-dgdm-lawyers-demystify-sexual-offenses-child-pornography-pedophilia-and-sexual-abuse-in-the-media/ From Sensation to Precision: DGDM Lawyers Demystify Sexual Offenses, Child Pornography, Pedophilia, and Sexual Abuse in the Media], note: usage of "pedosexuality" to refer to sexual acts with children is specific to several European countries and not universal.

=== "All child molesters are pedophiles" ===

'''TL;DR: Many people mistakenly believe that everyone who sexually abuses children is automatically a pedophile, but in reality most abusers are not pedophiles, since "pedophilia" refers to attraction, not actions.'''

"Not all individuals who sexually assault children are pedophiles. Pedophilia consists of a sexual preference for children that may or may not lead to child sexual abuse (e.g., viewing child pornography), whereas child sexual abuse involves sexual contact with a child that may or may not be due to pedophilia (Camilleri & Quinsey, 2008)."

[https://smart.ojp.gov/somapi/chapter-3-sex-offender-typologies Dominique A. Simons (March 2017). Sex Offender Management Assessment and Planning Initiative. Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking]

"The terms ‘paedophile’ and ‘child sex offender’ are often used interchangeably (Nellis 2009). It is important to understand, however, that the two terms have different meanings; not all child sex offenders are paedophiles and conversely, not all paedophiles are child sex offenders. <...> paedophiles are those individuals who are sexually attracted to young children; these individuals may or may not act on this attraction. Conversely, while some child sex offenders are attracted to children, others may have sexual interest in and/or offend against both children and adults, and/or may act out of opportunity rather than an exclusive sexual interest in children."

[https://www.aic.gov.au/publications/tandi/tandi429 Richards K 2011. Misperceptions about child sex offenders. Trends & issues in crime and criminal justice no. 429. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. https://doi.org/10.52922/ti258908]

In addition to that, people without an attraction to children make up a majority of offenders.

"Those showing no sexual preference disorder, but who, for different reasons, sexually abuse children seeking a surrogate. This group comprises e.g. sexually inexperienced adolescents, mentally retarded persons, those with anti-social personality disorders and perpetrators within general traumatizing family constellations – and accounts for approximately 60% of officially known offenders."

[https://www.praeventionstag.de/dokumentation/download.cms?id=2090 Beier, K.M. (2015). The German Dunkelfeld Project: Proactive Strategies to Prevent Child Sexual Abuse and the Use of Child Abusive Images. Paper presented at the 8th Annual International Forum 2014 within the German Congress on Crime Prevention. Mönchengladbach, DE: Forum Verlag Godesberg GmbH.]

"Are all offenders paedophiles? No. Paedophilia is a stable sexual preference for children. It is one of the so-called ‘paraphilias’ or sexual preferences that differ from what is regarded as normal. Other paraphilias are exhibitionism and necrophilia. As shown in §7.2.1.2, 20% of suspects who undergo a personality assessment are found to have deviant sexual preferences, including preferences other than paedophilia; in other words, 80% do not have deviant sexual preferences."

[https://www.dutchrapporteur.nl/publications/reports/2015/03/19/on-solid-ground-tackling-sexual-violence-against-children-2014 National Rapporteur on Trafficking in Human Beings (2014). On solid ground. Tackling sexual violence against children in the Netherlands. The Hague: National Rapporteur.]

"Only a small part (16,2 %) of sexual offenders against children meet the criteria (DSM-IV-TR) for pedophilia."

[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0924933814777314 D. Kesicky, I. Andre, M. Kesicka, EPA-0284 – Pedophiles and (or) child molesters, European Psychiatry, Volume 29, Supplement 1, 2014, Page 1, ISSN 0924-9338, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-9338(14)77731-4.]

"Despite common misperceptions, pedophilia is neither a necessary nor sufficient precondition for sexual offending against children [5]. In fact, an unknown, but most likely substantial number of people with a sexual preference for children never commit sexual offenses [6], and an estimated 40–60 percent of sexual offenses against children are not committed by people with pedophilic interests [5,7,8,9]."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7460489/ Stelzmann, D., Jahnke, S., & Kuhle, L. F. (2020). Media Coverage of Pedophilia: Benefits and Risks from Healthcare Practitioners' Point of View. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(16), 5739. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165739]

=== "All pedophiles offend" ===

'''TL;DR: Statistics, related to demographics and behavior of maps are still scarce, but it is reasonable to presume that most maps do not commit offenses.'''

87% of map participants did not commit any sexual offenses (infromation from slide 13).

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329544224_Experiences_of_sexual_and_romantic_attraction_to_children_andor_adults_in_persons_with_pedohebephilia_2018 Martijn, Frederica. (2018). Experiences of sexual and romantic attraction to children and/or adults in persons with pedohebephilia (2018).]

"Men reporting that they had been convicted of either viewing child pornography or a sexual contact offense with a child aged 14 or younger comprised 12.2% (145/ 1189) of the sample."

[https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000212 Bailey, J. M., Hsu, K. J., & Bernhard, P. A. (2016). An Internet study of men sexually attracted to children: Sexual attraction patterns. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(7), 976–988. doi:10.1037/abn0000212]

=== "Stigma for maps is beneficial" ===

'''TL;DR: Experts agree that both stigma towards maps in the society and internalized self-hate don't benefit CSA prevention anyhow.'''

"There is an emerging consensus among researchers that having pedophilic interests is not synonymous with child sexual abuse or other amoral behavior. Nevertheless, misconceptions about pedophilia are highly prevalent among the general public and mental health practitioners. <…> We argue that stigmatization of people with pedophilic sexual interests has undesired indirect effects on risk factors for child sexual abuse, particularly on an emotional and social level. Also, fear of being rejected or treated unethically may prevent pedophilic individuals at risk for sexual offending from confiding in medical practitioners or psychotherapists. Psychologists working with pedophilic individuals in forensic or clinical settings should be aware that stigmatizing people with pedophilia may increase their risk of sexual offending, and provide help to deal with potential stigma-related repercussions."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323515098_The_Stigma_of_Pedophilia_Clinical_and_Forensic_Implications Jahnke, Sara. (2018). The Stigma of Pedophilia: Clinical and Forensic Implications. European Psychologist. 23. 144 – 153. 10.1027/1016-9040/a000325.]

"Stigmatization and societal punitiveness about pedophilia have a range of potential consequences, such as the social isolation of people with sexual interest in children, and the formation of policies that are not consistent with empirical research findings. Previous research has shown that people with pedophilic sexual interests use societal thinking to self-stigmatize, which in turn may actually serve to increase their risk of committing a sexual offense."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311545002_Reducing_Stigma_and_Punitive_Attitudes_Toward_Pedophiles_Through_Narrative_Humanization Harper, Craig & Bartels, Ross & Hogue, Todd. (2016). Reducing Stigma and Punitive Attitudes Toward Pedophiles Through Narrative Humanization. Sexual Abuse A Journal of Research and Treatment. 30. 10.1177/1079063216681561.]

"Results revealed that the shame and secrecy resulting from stigma associated with pedophilic interests often prevented our respondents from seeking professional counseling, and only about 20% tried to talk to anyone about their sexual interests prior to their arrest. Barriers to seeking and receiving psychological services included concerns about confidentiality, fears of social and legal consequences, personal shame or confusion about the problem, affordability, and challenges finding competent therapists who were adequately equipped to help them. Understanding and ultimately reducing obstacles to help-seeking can improve the quality of life for people with harmful sexual interests and potentially prevent sexual abuse of children or other vulnerable individuals."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315895306_Obstacles_to_Help-Seeking_for_Sexual_Offenders_Implications_for_Prevention_of_Sexual_Abuse Levenson, Jill & Willis, Gwenda & Vicencio, Claudia. (2017). Obstacles to Help-Seeking for Sexual Offenders: Implications for Prevention of Sexual Abuse. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. 26. 99-120. 10.1080/10538712.2016.1276116.]

"In the general public however, it is to be expected that sexually abusive behavior towards children is often confused with pedophilia as a sexual preference. In the media, people with pedophile or other paraphile interests are often stereotypically portrayed as violent criminals (Diefenbach, 1997; Kitzinger, 2004). The public’s view of sexual offenders is extremely negative (Fortney, Levenson, Brannon, & Baker, 2007). Agreement with the stereotype that pedophilia often or always coincides with child sex offenses is likely to prompt a high degree of discrimination against people with pedophilia, regardless of their actual behavior. This may have a negative impact on the mental health of a person suffering from pedophilia, and unwanted indirect effects on the likelihood of this person seeking therapy when needed. Both potential consequences may, presumably, put children at risk of child sexual abuse."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264231704_Stigmatization_of_People_With_Pedophilia_A_Blind_Spot_in_Stigma_Research Jahnke, Sara & Hoyer, Jürgen. (2013). Stigmatization of People With Pedophilia: A Blind Spot in Stigma Research. International Journal of Sexual Health. 25. 169-184. 10.1080/19317611.2013.795921.]

"For instance, the societal rhetoric about people who abuse children (e.g., “monsters,” “predators,” and “deviants,” along with declarations that they are not amenable to treatment and will inevitably reoffend) is rather damaging to the self-concepts of MAPs, who internalize these stigmatizing perceptions (Buckman et al., 2016; Jahnke, 2018). The shame and secrecy that result from this stigma prevent MAPs from reaching out to find role models, professionals, or confidants who might offer support or advice about how to deal with minor attraction and achieve a satisfying and healthy life (Beier, 2016; Buckman et al., 2016; Piché et al., 2016)."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1177/1079063218797713 Levenson, J. S., & Grady, M. D. (2018). Preventing Sexual Abuse: Perspectives of Minor-Attracted Persons About Seeking Help. Sexual Abuse, 107906321879771. doi:10.1177/1079063218797713]

=== "Communication with children increases risk of offense" ===
'''TL;DR: Communication with children decreases beliefs in acting on the attraction.'''

"Results showed that both increased social and physical contact were significantly linked to fewer legitimizing beliefs toward sex with children, even when controlling for past psychotherapy, educational level, social desirability, and age."

[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-017-1042-1 Geradt, M., Jahnke, S., Heinz, J. et al. Is Contact with Children Related to Legitimizing Beliefs Toward Sex with Children Among Men with Pedophilia?. Arch Sex Behav 47, 375–387 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-1042-1]

== Maps and therapy ==
=== "Therapy for maps involves rejecting and/or changing the attraction" ===

'''TL;DR: Mapness is immutable and cannot be changed by therapy. Good quality therapy offered to maps is centered around self acceptance.'''

"There are no compelling data to suggest that pedophiles might be converted into teleiophiles(persons with a primary sexual interest in adults). Multiple types of interventions have been attempted, including sex-drive-reducing medications and talk therapies informed by any of many theoretical orientations. Although there exist authors who have claimed that their interventions changed their clients’ fundamental sexual interests (e.g., Fedoroff, 1988, 1992), such reports do not include comparison groups, long-term follow-up, or any validated, objective measure to verify the claims of successful change."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287225339_Gold-star_pedophiles_in_general_sex_therapy_practice Cantor, James. (2014). "Gold-star" pedophiles in general sex therapy practice.]

"The (im)mutability of pedophilia is a key aspect of helping non-offending pedophiles manage their sexual arousal and to refrain from offending. The accrual of empirical data exploring this issue is central to understanding and providing treatment to non-offending pedophiles: If pedophilia is immutable, then treatments for these individuals need basically to focus on coping with and managing pedophilic interests while leading a meaningful and fulfilling life and not on changing the person’s basic orientation. Whereas some authors have claimed that pedophilic interests may remit [11, 12], reanalysis of these data and methodological and statistical issues identified by other authors suggest that no such changes in orientation actually occurred [13–16]. <...> Professionals helped some of these men accept their pedophilic interests by separating their sexual attraction from their sexual behavior and by managing their sense of selves (e.g., distancing themselves from stories of “child rapists” [25•, p. 8]). Engaging with other pedophilic individuals helped these men see that others with their interests were able to avoid offending, which brought a sense of hope. Having other social supports that knew about their interests helped because their supports could help them maintain boundaries with children, challenge potentially distorted thinking, and provide them with feedback regarding their behavior with children."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z Cantor, J. M., & McPhail, I. V. (2016). Non-offending Pedophiles. Current Sexual Health Reports, 8(3), 121–128. doi:10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z]

"The preferred model of treatment is LGBT affirmative psychotherapy, which treats sexual feelings as innate, unchangeable and subject to personal acceptance. The American Psychological Association provides guidelines on its website (see below). Applied to the minor-attracted person, affirmative therapy separates sexual orientation from its expression, emphasizing acceptance and personal growth. This in no way endorses sexual contact between adults and minors."

[https://www.b4uact.org/for-therapists/psychotherapy-for-the-map/ B4U-ACT guide Psychotherapy for Minor-Attracted Persons]

"The primary aims of these approaches can be summarized as follows:
1. To accept MAPs’ sexual orientation as stable and unlikely to change;
2. To help MAP patients learn to live with their sexual feelings in a healthy way, most importantly without engaging in behavior that is illegal and/or harmful to children;
3. To help patients develop self-acceptance via a positive but realistic self-concept, without resorting to cognitions that rationalize and normalize adult–child sexual activity in a maladaptive strategy to protect self-esteem; and
4. To help patients learn to cope adaptively with the intense societal stigma against MAPs."
[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330635952_Correlates_of_Chronic_Suicidal_Ideation_Among_Community-Based_Minor-Attracted_Persons Cohen, Lisa & Wilman-Depena, Sherilyn & Barzilay, Shira & Hawes, Mariah & Yaseen, Zimri & Galynker, Igor. (2019). Correlates of Chronic Suicidal Ideation Among Community-Based Minor-Attracted Persons. Sexual Abuse. 32. 107906321982586. 10.1177/1079063219825868.]

"On the contrary, an emergent body of work with community-based MAPs discusses the successful use of masturbatory fantasies as a coping mechanism, with this acting as a healthy sexual outlet that causes no direct harm to minors (e.g., Bailey, Bernhard, & Hsu, Citation2016; Dymond & Duff, Citation2020; Harper & Lievesley, Citation2022; Houtepen et al., Citation2016). Indeed, the achievement of sexual satisfaction is seen by some theorists as a primary human good, with its attainment being associated with a reduction in the likelihood that somebody will go on to commit a sexual offense (Ward & Marshall, Citation2004). As such there may be ethical and practical discussions to be had between MAPs and treatment providers in relation to the most effective ways to help service users to accept their sexual attractions as a pattern of arousal that is potentially unchangeable over time, and to work with them to develop effective ways of reducing sexual frustration and achieving sexual satisfaction in ways that do not create victims of child sexual exploitation and abuse."

[https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0092623X.2022.2149437#abstract Lievesley, R., Harper, C. A., Swaby, H., & Woodward, E. (2022). Identifying and working with appropriate treatment targets with people who are sexually attracted to children. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 49(5), 497–516. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2022.2149437]

=== "Maps don’t want to seek help" ===

'''TL;DR: Most maps would be interested in accessing therapy, yet there are barriers in place.'''

"A nonrandom, purposive sample of MAPs ( n = 293, 154 completed all questions) was recruited via an online survey. Results show that 75% of participants did seek formal help from a professional; however, just less than half of them found the experience to be helpful."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327474958_Preventing_Sexual_Abuse_Perspectives_of_Minor-Attracted_Persons_About_Seeking_Help Levenson, Jill & Grady, Melissa. (2018). Preventing Sexual Abuse: Perspectives of Minor-Attracted Persons About Seeking Help. Sexual abuse : a journal of research and treatment. 31. 1079063218797713. 10.1177/1079063218797713.]

"Over half had wanted to see a mental health professional at some time but did not do so due to fear that a professional would react negatively, report them to others, or lack necessary knowledge."

[https://www.b4uact.org/research/survey-results/spring-2011-survey/ B4U-ACT survey results]

24% clinicians would report a map client to law enforcement in absence of any indication of offense, 11.7% would report in absence of indication of offense and in absence of interactions with children.

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349992064_Mandatory_Reporting_and_Clinician_Decision-Making_when_a_Client_Discloses_Sexual_Interest_in_Children Stephens, Skye & McPhail, Ian & Heasman, Ainslie & Moss, Sarah. (2021). Mandatory Reporting and Clinician Decision-Making When a Client Discloses Sexual Interest in Children. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement. 53. 10.1037/cbs0000247.]

== Map demographics and society ==
=== "All maps are men" ===

'''TL;DR: While mapness is mostly known to the public through male maps, a statistically significant number of maps is women and nonbinary people.'''

"In a self-selected sample recruited online and through radio and newspaper advertisement (n = 1516; 52.7 % female), 1.8 % of the male and 0.8 % of the female respondents to an online, revised version of the Wilson Sex Fantasy Questionnaire reported ever having fantasies involving sex with a child under the age of 12 years [3]."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z Cantor, J. M., & McPhail, I. V. (2016). Non-offending Pedophiles. Current Sexual Health Reports, 8(3), 121–128. doi:10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z ]

"The current body of the literature studying minor-attracted persons (MAPs) predominantly focuses on the experiences of men who experience sexual attractions to children. To shed more light on the experiences of women within this population, we conducted anonymous semi-structured interviews with six self-identified female MAPs, who were recruited through online support forums for individuals with sexual attractions to children. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to analyze the interview transcripts. Two superordinate themes were identified from the dataset that highlighted the uniqueness of the experience of being a woman within the MAP community (“A minority within a minority”) and themes of social isolation and the effects of this on identity (“A lonely secret existence”). The findings reported here highlight how the experiences of female MAPs both converge with and diverge from their male counterparts in important ways. We discuss the implications of these experiences in relation to more effective service provision for women who are sexually attracted to children."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8888496/ Lievesley, R., & Lapworth, R. (2022). "We Do Exist": The Experiences of Women Living with a Sexual Interest in Minors. Archives of sexual behavior, 51(2), 879–896. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-021-02160-z]

"Regarding women, little research is available about the prevalence of sexual interest in children. Early studies asking women about their sexual interest in children revealed prevalence rates ranging from 1 to 4%. <...> Among the total sample, the proportion of women who reported having sexual fantasies involving prepubescent children (n = 98 [7%], general websites: n = 92 [6.8%], SIC websites: n = 6 [11.1%]) was slightly smaller than the proportion of women who reported having sexual fantasies involving pubescent children (n = 136 [9.6%], general websites: n = 129 [9.5%], SIC websites: n = 7 [13.0%]). As the overlapping group among these 2 variables only included 54 women who reported on having sexual fantasies involving both prepubescent and pubescent children, the proportion of women among the total sample who indicated having sexual fantasies involving any children (ie, girls or boys at Tanner stage 1 or 2) reached 12.7% (n = 180, general websites: n = 173 [12.7%], SIC websites: n = 7 [13.0%]; Table 2)."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339794031_Sexual_Interest_in_Children_Among_Women_in_Two_Nonclinical_and_Nonrepresentative_Online_Samples Tozdan, Safiye & Dekker, Arne & Neutze, Janina & Santtila, Pekka & Briken, Peer. (2020). Sexual Interest in Children Among Women in Two Nonclinical and Nonrepresentative Online Samples. Sexual Medicine. 8. 10.1016/j.esxm.2020.01.007.]

According to polls, conducted regularly over the span of 6 years on the map communities of Tumblr, Twitter, and fediverse, around one in three maps in these spaces is nonbinary.

[https://wierstamann.net/2023/03/20/maps-lgbt-and-strategic-erasure/ Maps, LGBT, and strategic erasure]

[https://wierstamann.net/2024/08/09/map-community-demographics-2024/ Map community demographics 2024]

=== "Minors can’t be maps" ===

'''TL;DR: Most maps realize they are attracted to significantly younger teenagers and children in teenagehood, and these attractions persist throughout life.'''

"On average, participants recalled that they first realized their attraction to children ages 14 and younger at age 14.24 years (SD 5.36). They began to suspect that this attraction was unusual, compared with peers, at age 16.11 (SD 5.24). They knew their attraction was unusual at age 18.12 (SD 5.89). Only 2.5% met these milestones later than 29.73, 30, and 35 years, respectively. These ages did not differ significantly across the different age preference groups. <...> Because the average age of participants was 33.66, this implies that their attraction to children has persisted for an average of 19.42 (i.e., 33.66 – 14.24) years, representing more than half their lives, and their entire adulthoods."

[https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000212 Bailey, J. M., Hsu, K. J., & Bernhard, P. A. (2016). An Internet study of men sexually attracted to children: Sexual attraction patterns. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(7), 976–988. doi:10.1037/abn0000212]

Most common age of first realization is 14.

[https://www.b4uact.org/research/survey-results/youth-suicidality-and-seeking-care/ B4U-ACT survey results]

"The study reveals that minor-attracted people become aware of their sexuality at an early age, experience stress caused by real or perceived societal rejection, and encounter both positive and negative reactions upon disclosing their identities. The conclusion underscores the need for a new approach to dealing with minor-attraction in contemporary Western society. I offer eight recommendations for instituting a strategy which incorporates empathy, education, and anti-discrimination measures."

[https://summit.sfu.ca/item/13798 Freimond, C.M. (2013). Navigating the Stigma of Pedophilia: The Experiences of Nine Minor-Attracted Men in Canada.]

The most common age to realize you're a map (attracted to much younger youth) is 13-15, realization in adulthood is rare.

[https://enderphile.wordpress.com/2018/09/11/growing-up-a-pedophile/ Growing Up A Pedophile]

=== "Maps have brain matter anomalies and impulse control issues" ===

'''TL;DR: This stereotype, emerging from early research conducted solely on sex offenders, has been debunked when non-offending maps were studied.'''

"Neurobehavioral models of pedophilia and child sexual offending suggest a pattern of temporal and in particular prefrontal disturbances leading to inappropriate behavioral control and subsequently an increased propensity to sexually offend against children. However, clear empirical evidence for such mechanisms is still missing. Using a go/nogo paradigm in combination with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) we compared behavioral performance and neural response patterns among three groups of men matched for age and IQ: pedophiles with (N = 40) and without (N = 37) a history of hands-on sexual offences against children as well as healthy non-offending controls (N = 40). As compared to offending pedophiles, non-offending pedophiles exhibited superior inhibitory control as reflected by significantly lower rate of commission errors. Group-by-condition interaction analysis also revealed inhibition-related activation in the left posterior cingulate and the left superior frontal cortex that distinguished between offending and non-offending pedophiles, while no significant differences were found between pedophiles and healthy controls. Both areas showing distinct activation pattern among pedophiles play a critical role in linking neural networks that relate to effective cognitive functioning. Data therefore suggest that heightened inhibition-related recruitment of these areas as well as decreased amount of commission errors is related to better inhibitory control in pedophiles who successfully avoid committing hands-on sexual offences against children. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1092–1104, 2017."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27767244/ Kärgel, C., Massau, C., Weiß, S., Walter, M., Borchardt, V., Krueger, T. H., Tenbergen, G., Kneer, J., Wittfoth, M., Pohl, A., Gerwinn, H., Ponseti, J., Amelung, T., Beier, K. M., Mohnke, S., Walter, H., & Schiffer, B. (2017). Evidence for superior neurobiological and behavioral inhibitory control abilities in non-offending as compared to offending pedophiles. Human brain mapping, 38(2), 1092–1104. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.23443]

"Our results are the first to demonstrate that executive dysfunctions are related to offense status rather than pedophilic preference."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28511726/ Massau, C., Tenbergen, G., Kärgel, C., Weiß, S., Gerwinn, H., Pohl, A., Amelung, T., Mohnke, S., Kneer, J., Wittfoth, M., Ristow, I., Schiltz, K., Beier, K. M., Ponseti, J., Walter, M., Kruger, T. H. C., Walter, H., & Schiffer, B. (2017). Executive Functioning in Pedophilia and Child Sexual Offending. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 23(6), 460–470. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617717000315]

"Consistent with the conceptualization of the DSM-5, which specifies CSO as most the prominent criterion that differentiates pedophilia from pedophilic disorder, there were no significant differences between the GM volumes of the non-offending pedophiles and the teleiophilic controls. In contrast, the pedophiles who had engaged in CSO showed a significantly reduced relative GM volume in the right TP compared with pedophiles who did not. This difference was not attributable to age, level of education, IQ, sexual orientation, drug misuse/dependence, other Axis I or II disorders or general criminality."

[https://www.nature.com/articles/tp201796 Schiffer, B., Amelung, T., Pohl, A. et al. Gray matter anomalies in pedophiles with and without a history of child sexual offending. Transl Psychiatry 7, e1129 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/tp.2017.96 ]

"In line with our expectations, pedohebephilic men in our sample were considerably more likely to be introverted and less emotionally stable compared to nonpedohebephilic controls but not more or less likely to be impulsive, agreeable, or open.<...> Among all personality domains, introversion and neuroticism are also the ones that are most likely to be affected by stigma.<...> In the general population, there still exists an image of pedophilic men as highly unstable, impulsive, unpleasant, and antisocial (McCartan, 2010). This image is linked to stigmatizing assumptions like the idea that pedophilic men are monsters unable and unwilling to control their sexual urges (Houtepen, Sijtsema, & Bogaerts, 2016; Jahnke, 2018). Therefore, it is of high importance to rigorously test such expectations, and, if disproven, correct them."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1080/19317611.2019.1609641 Jahnke, S., Schmitt, S., Geradt, M., & Hoyer, J. (2019). Big Five Personality Factors Among Men With a Sexual Interest in Children. International Journal of Sexual Health, 1–6. doi:10.1080/19317611.2019.1609641]

=== "Maps can't be queer" ===
'''TL;DR: While maps can be heterosexual or cisgender, many still share some kind of a queer identity, and maps are more likely to be queer than the general population.'''

"Participants showed a range of uses of queer-spectrum identity labels during interviews. While many, especially those attracted to the same or multiple genders, used "queer," "gay," "lesbian," or "bisexual" to describe themselves, and the majority of participants referred to their attractions as a sexual orientation, some individuals who used these terms felt guilt over doing so because of a belief that associating minor-attracted individuals with other queer groups would be harmful to those other queer communities."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1080/00918369.2019.1613856 Walker, A. (2019). “I’m Not like That, So Am I Gay?” The Use of Queer-Spectrum Identity Labels Among Minor-Attracted People. Journal of Homosexuality, 1–24. doi:10.1080/00918369.2019.1613856]

"An estimated 2 to 4% of teleiophilic men prefer men (Hall & Hall, 2007). Conversely, an estimated 9 to 40% of men with pedohebephilia have a preferential attraction to boys (Hall & Hall, 2007). <...> A quarter of the participants were exclusively boy-attracted (26.8%, n=82/306), half were boy-and-girl-attracted (48.4%; n = 148/306), and another quarter were exclusively girl-attracted (24.8%, n=76/306)."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9 Martijn, F. M., Babchishin, K. M., Pullman, L. E., & Seto, M. C. (2020). Sexual Attraction and Falling in Love in Persons with Pedohebephilia. Archives of Sexual Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9]

[[Category:Additional materials]]
[[Category:English]]

File:2025 para calendar.png

2025-03-14T00:30:45Z

Lecter: Lecter uploaded a new version of File:2025 para calendar.png

== Summary ==
[[Category:Important graphics]]

Atração juvenil

2025-02-02T04:02:44Z

Lecter: /* Críticas de MAPs */

'''Orientação juvenil''' é um padrão estável e persistente de atração a pessoas significativamente mais novas e não completamente desenvolvidas. “Não completamente desenvolvidas” refere-se a pessoas que se assemelhem a alguém que a maioria das pessoas identificaria como sendo uma criança ou jovem adolescente.

O equivalente anglófono de orientação juvenil, minor attraction (atração por menores), é usado há mais de duas décadas. Esse conceito inclui as subcategorias: [[nepiofilia]], [[pedofilia]], [[hebefilia]] e, às vezes, [[efebofilia]]. Sua maior função é distinguir pedofilia de outras formas de atração por jovens, servindo de termo guarda-chuva.

== Significado ==

Atração juvenil consiste na atração de um adulto por uma criança ou jovem adolescente, ou de uma criança ou adolescente por uma criança muito mais nova. Tipicamente, para ser considerado um MAP (sigla em inglês para “pessoa atraída por menores”, uma pessoa com atração juvenil), uma pessoa deve sentir atração por jovens mais novos que 15 anos de idade e pelo menos 5 anos mais novos que a pessoa. Essa atração pode ser romântica, sexual, ou terciária (diferentes tipos de sentimentos que transcendem emoções de amizade ou laços familiares).

== Categorias ==
Em relação à divisão interna, orientação juvenil pode ser classificada de várias formas.
=== Pela presença de outras atrações ===
* Exclusiva, uma atração por crianças e jovens adolescentes somente;
* Não exclusiva, uma atração por crianças e jovens adolescentes acompanhada por uma atração por adultos e/ou jovens da mesma idade.
=== Pela preferência de gênero ===
* Boylove (amor de garoto), uma atração que prioriza meninos;
* Girllove (amor de garota), uma atração que prioriza meninas;
* Enbylove (amor de garote), uma atração que prioriza crianças e jovens não bináries;
* Childlove (amor de criança), uma atração sem preferência de gênero.
=== Pela preferência de idade ===
* Nepiofilia, uma atração por bebês e crianças pequenas, tipicamente abaixo dos 5 anos;
* Pedofilia, uma atração por crianças pré-púberes, tipicamente entre 5 e 10 anos;
* Hebefilia, uma atração por pré-adolescentes e adolescentes púberes, tipicamente entre 11 e 14 anos;
* Efebofilia, uma atração por adolescentes pós-púberes, entre 15 e 19 anos (esta atração pode não ser inerentemente uma atração MAP, mas efebófilos podem se identificar como MAPs).
Nota: nepiofilia é às vezes subdividida em infantofilia, atração por bebês, e nepiofilia, atração por crianças pequenas.
=== Pelo tipo de atração ===
* Sexual;
* Romântica;
* No espectro queer de atrações não alosexuais ou aloromânticas.
== Atração juvenil como termo ==
=== História ===
==== Minor attraction ====
A primeira menção do termo em inglês é atribuída à jornalista Heather Elizabeth Peterson, que usou a construção “minor-attracted adults” (adultos atraídos por menores) no seu artigo Not An Oxymoron (Não é um Oxímoro), publicado em dezembro de 1998 na revista Greenbelt Interfaith News<ref>[http://www.helping-people.info/articles/oxymoron.htm Heather E.P., “Not an Oxymoron”], Greenbelt Interfaith News, Philia, dezembro 1998.</ref>. Heather E. Peterson lembra ter tocado no assunto no fórum pedófilo BoyChat, no dia 19 de outubro de 1998: “O que vocês acham do termo ‘adultos atraídos por menores’? Soa um pouco bobo para mim mas talvez seja porque odeio neologismos. Certamente é um termo que transmite o que quero dizer. É mais apropriado que ‘adulto atraído por crianças’ já que tem tanta disputa sobre o que constitui uma criança, e apesar de deixar adolescentes amantes de garotos de fora, sempre pode-se usar o termo ‘pessoa atraída por menores’ se quiserem incluí-los”<ref>[https://www.newgon.net/wiki/Text_of_Heather_Peterson:_Origins_of_%22Minor_Attracted_Adult%22 Texto de Heather Peterson: Origins of “Minor Attracted Adult”], NewgonWiki.</ref>.

No Twitter, o perfil oficial de B4U-ACT, uma organização de saúde mental para MAPs, declara que “Começamos a usar o termo MAP por volta de 2007. O falecido Michael Melsheimer, nosso cofundador, introduziu ‘minor-attracted person’ (pessoa atraída por menores) como uma alternativa para ‘minor-attracted adult’ (adulto atraído por menores) para refletir que a maioria dos MAPs descobre suas atrações antes de virarem adultos”<ref>[https://twitter.com/B4U_ACT/status/1178872015375290369 B4U_ACT no Twitter].</ref>. A primeira instância registrada do uso do termo “minor attracted person” por B4U-ACT data do dia 22 de junho de 2007<ref>[https://www.b4uact.org/togetherchat-submits-report-to-bmhs/ “Togetherchat Submits Report To BMHS”], B4U-ACT.</ref>. Menções mais antigas do termo são extremamente difíceis de rastrear. Uma cópia arquivada de um comentário de BoyChat diz: “Aqui está um termo para todo mundo: MAP! - Jason 20-dezembro-2001 04:57:27, quinta-feira”<ref>[https://archive.ph/tmcaB BoyChat.org], arquivado no archive.today.</ref>. Acredita-se que é aqui que a sigla “MAP” apareceu pela primeira vez, e sua criação seria atribuída ao usuário GhostWriter, que faleceu em 2013<ref>[https://www.boychat.org/messages/1523354.htm BoyChat.org].</ref>.

==== Uso de termos em português ====
Em português vemos uma tendência em usar traduções literais dos termos em inglês ou os próprios termos em inglês. Há também quem use “pedofilia” como termo guarda-chuva. Como vimos, pedofilia se refere especificamente à atração por crianças pré-púberes, e não é um termo apropriado para se referir à atração por qualquer jovem ou menor de idade.

Um termo muito usado é “atração por menores”, como exemplificado no blog MAPness de shocu, que tem ensaios em português desde 2020<ref>[https://mapness.home.blog/tag/atracao-por-menores/ “Atração por menores”], MAPness, shocu, 2020.</ref>. Quanto as pessoas, são referidas como “pessoas atraídas por menores”, como visto em reportagens sobre Allyn Walker (ume aliade que escreveu um livro sobre MAPs)<ref>[https://www.portalt5.com.br/noticias/single/nid/professor-causa-revolta-apos-dizer-que-atracao-sexual-por-crianca-nem-sempre-e-imoral/ “Professor causa revolta após dizer que atração sexual por criança nem sempre é imoral”], Portal T5, 2021.</ref><ref>[https://pleno.news/comportamento/professor-nega-imoralidade-em-atracao-sexual-por-criancas.html “Professor nega imoralidade em atração sexual por crianças”], Pleno.News, 2021.</ref>.
Nesse artigo fizemos a escolha de usar os termos “MAP”, “orientação juvenil” e “atração juvenil”, apesar destes últimos terem sido inventados por nós, até onde sabemos. MAP, literalmente pessoa atraída por menores, é um empréstimo do inglês. Julgamos que é válido fazer esse empréstimo por ser a palavra mais conhecida e disseminada que se refere à comunidade. “Atração juvenil” (e seu derivado “atração por jovens”) seria equivalente de minor attraction. Este termo foi escolhido por ser curto, fugir da ideia de legalismo (já que menor de idade se refere a uma classificação política, e a atração é por integrantes de categorias biológicas e sociais), e passar a ideia, apropriada, de uma orientação direcionada a jovens. Orientação juvenil também é usado quando se fala da orientação e não só da atração.
==== Derivados ====
Esses são os derivados de minor attraction que existem no uso popular:
===== MAA =====
“Minor-attracted adult”, ou “adulto atraído por menores”, raramente usado hoje em dia. Cuidado: a sigla em português, AAM, se confunde com a sigla em inglês para “adult-attracted minor”, ou “menor atraído por adultos”, sigla usada com relativa frequência.
===== MHAM =====
“Male homosexual attraction to minors" (atração masculina homossexual por menores) e "minor attracted homosexual" (homossexual atraído por menores), termos que estavam em uso no começo dos anos 2000<ref>[https://www.mhamic.org/index.htm MHAMic].</ref>. O aparecimento desses termos foi consequência de MAPs homens e MAPs que amam garotos serem dois dos grupos demográficos mais visíveis da comunidade.
===== NOMAP =====
“Non-offending MAP”, ou “MAP não delinquente”, uma pessoa com orientação juvenil que nunca cometeu um crime sexual contra menores.
===== SOMAP =====
“Semi-offending MAP” (MAP semidelinquente), um termo criado de má fé por uma pessoa confirmadamente anti-MAP<ref>Starfall System [star-fall-system]. (2018, 18 de jun.). “as much as I hate pedos, I have to tell you that pinkpetal-pedo isn't an actual map. its a troll account made by an anti to try and garner support from the map community.” [Comentário]. Tumblr. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://star-fall-system.tumblr.com/post/175021329787/.</ref> que tinha um blog MAP falso, pink petal map and zoophile positivity!<ref>Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://archive.ph/xG8Fx.</ref>. A insinuação do termo é que se trata de MAPs que fazem sexo com crianças que consintam<ref> accABANDONED. (2018, 1 de jul.). SOMAP. Em Urban Dictionary. https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=SOMAP.</ref>, mas não é usado por MAPs pró-contato de verdade.
===== MAPitude =====
“MAPitude” ou “ser MAP”, estado de ser um MAP. Esse termo difere de “orientação juvenil” pois muda o foco da atração em si para todo um espectro de aspectos sociais e psicológicos da identidade. “MAPness” em inglês.
===== MAPmisia =====
MAPmisia é preconceito e ódio contra MAPs. O termo foi cunhado por Kamui em 2019. MAPmisíacos também são chamados “antis” ou “anti-MAPs”.

Alguns outros derivados podem ser encontrados na página identidades MAP pouco comuns.

==== Críticas ====
===== Críticas de anti-MAPs =====
Muitos anti-MAPs acreditam que “MAP” é uma tentativa de mudar imagem, de fazer um rebranding da pedofilia como “fofa”, “inofensiva”, de suavizar a palavra e torná-la assim mais aceitável para um público que é contra pedófilos, apesar do fato de que isso não funcionaria e não tem funcionado. Quase todo anti-pedófilo com acesso a redes sociais sabe o que “MAP” significa, e aqueles que não sabem são rapidamente informados ao perguntar (ou desinformados, com definições enviesadas). Aqueles que aprendem sobre a existência do termo sem contexto adicional também não o aceitam automaticamente, já que também são contra atração juvenil por via de regra. Antis alegam que o objetivo dos MAPs é “normalizar” a pedofilia, apesar de muitos ativistas MAP e pedófilos proeminentes serem contra o conceito de normatividade compulsória e acreditarem que o ato de reconhecer que identidades não normativas merecem respeito igual, ao invés de tentar assimilar seus traços em conceitos sociais de “normal”, seja necessário para a liberação MAP<ref>Lecter. (2019, 9 de set.). Rebellion vs assimilation. MAP Science Archive. Acessado em 5 de junho de 2020, em https://web.archive.org/web/20200605234048/https://wierstamann.wordpress.com/2019/09/09/rebellion-vs-assimilation/.</ref>. Até MAPs assimilacionistas que acreditam que suas atrações são normais e que normal significa bom e abnormal ruim não acreditam que mudar o rótulo para MAP conduza ao seu objetivo de normalização. Na verdade muitos rejeitam o termo MAP por patologizar pedófilos demasiado e por passar a impressão de não ser normal, e preferem termos como “pedófilo”, “amante de crianças” (childlover) ou “amante de jovens” (youthlover).

Pesquisadores que não são MAPs como Allyn Walker defenderam que o termo “MAP” em vez de “pedófilo” favorece a desestigmatização. A B4U-ACT também afirmou isso<ref>B4U-ACT [@B4U_ACT]. (2020, 31 de mar.). “First of all, one of our foremost goals is to promote communication. Other labels ascribed to this population carry connotations that can be misleading, prejudicial, and even derogatory. Those are barriers to understanding.” [Tuíte]. Twitter. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://twitter.com/B4U_ACT/status/1245106699410833410.</ref>. Porém, quase todos os ativistas MAP descordam fortemente com essa proposta de assimilação, e apoiam a reivindicação e/ou abertamente reivindicam o termo “pedófilo” como parte de suas identidades. Eles acreditam que ter esse acrônimo separado, “MAP”, só é útil como termo guarda-chuva inclusivo para nepiófilos, pedófilos, hebéfilos e às vezes efebófilos, não como ferramenta política de assimilação.

Existe uma crença comum de que o rebranding MAP foi uma tentativa de “fazer pedófilos parte da comunidade LGBTQ+”. Entretanto, não foram ativistas MAP que proclamaram isso, e sim antis queermísicos do 4chan, para tentar sujar a imagem da comunidade LGBTQ+. Enquanto isso, muitos MAPs caem sob o espectro LGBTQ+ mesmo em sua conceptualização atual porque não são heterossexuais ou não são heterorromânticos, porque são transgênero ou de alguma forma não são cisgênero, porque são intersexo e/ou, às vezes (dependendo de como se identificam individualmente e do nível de inclusividade entre ativistas LGBTQ+<ref>[Forest Spirit 666 [@ForestSpirit666]. “Theres no legitimate reason polyamory isn't Queer. Polyamory goes against so many norms and ideas of” [Tuíte]. Twitter. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://twitter.com/ForestSpirit666/status/1206352243534024711.</ref>) porque são poliamorosos. No entanto, diversos MAPs que tecnicamente caem nesta definição de “LGBTQ+” a rejeitam, pois não gostam da sigla ou estéticas ou comunidade ou implicações assimilacionistas, e preferem se identificar como queer. Alguns MAPs queer também argumentam pelo princípio da inclusividade radical, incluindo não proibir MAPs monoamorosos, perissexo, alossexuais, alorromânticos, cisgênero e héteros de se identificar como LGBTQ+ ou queer, já que acreditam que o ser queer não deve ser estritamente definido nem se deve ‘filtrar’ quem é ou não é queer. Alguns poucos MAPs que são também LGBTQ+ (pela definição acima) argumentam que sua MAPitude também é LGBTQ+ e/ou que MAPitude deveria ser considerada LGBTQ+ por definição, e alguns outros MAPs defendem que sua MAPitude é também parte de sua identidade queer e/ou que ser MAP é inerentemente queer. Alguns ativistas MAP queer, como Lecter, têm expressado discordância com a ideia de que ser MAP ou ter outra parafilia seja inerentemente queer, querendo em vez disso que a prática geral seja que a consideração da própria MAPitude e outras parafilias como queer ocorra em um modelo opt-in ao invés de opt-out. Outros ativistas MAP queer, como chronic, acreditam que a prática deveria seguir um modelo opt-in se uma percentagem suficientemente pequena de MAPs quiser que MAPitude seja opt-out como inerentemente queer, e deveria ser opt-out se uma percentagem suficientemente grande de MAPs quiser que seja assim.

James Cantor, um pesquisador gay que não é MAP, tem tentado falar pelos pedófilos, argumentando que a aplicação consistente dos princípios pelos quais “damos” direitos a pessoas gays necessitaria inclusão total de pedofilia como parte de LGBTQ+<ref>Cantor, J. [@JamesCantorPhD]. (2018, 8 de dez.). “Speaking as a gay men, I believe we SHOULD include the P. To do otherwise is to betray the principles that give us our rights.” [Tuíte]. Twitter. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://twitter.com/jamescantorphd/status/1071499969910198274.</ref>. Suas falas foram criticadas tanto por MAPs LGBTQ+ quanto por numerosos anti-MAPs.
===== Críticas de MAPs =====
MAPs antiassimilacionistas têm criticado o acrônimo “MAP” por definir sua atração com foco nas perspetivas dos antis que veem tais atrações como dignas de estigmatização, opressão ou sofrimento, e não segundo traços intrínsecos das atrações em si (veja: o discurso sobre se efebofilia deveria ser incluída ou fazer parte inerente na MAPitude). MAPs não ocidentais também criticam o termo por ser centrado na cultura estadunidense<ref>Americocentrismo. Wikipédia. (n.d.). Acessado em 2 de fevereiro de 2025, em https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americocentrismo.</ref> por conter o termo “menor”, um construto legal que não existe em todos os países e nem é igual em todos. MAPs do movimento de liberação da juventude (youth liberation) criticam o termo por conter “menor”, pois “menor de idade” é um construto opressivo que querem abolir. MAPs queer criticam o termo por lembrar same-sex attracted (atraíde pelo mesmo sexo), um termo que se originou com proponentes da terapia de conversão<ref>Terapia de reorientação sexual. Wikipédia. (n.d.). Acessado em 2 de fevereiro de 2025, em https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terapia_de_reorienta%C3%A7%C3%A3o_sexual.
</ref>. Youth-oriented (orientação juvenil) foi proposto como alternativa, mas não ganhou muito impulso e tem pouco uso. O termo adjacente, youthlover (amante de jovens), é comum em círculos pró-contato amatonormativos, mas foi cunhado anterior e separadamente.

== Desenvolvimento ==
A existência de orientação juvenil tem sido um tópico de especulação por certo tempo, e há várias teorias acerca de seu desenvolvimento. Algumas não têm fonte científica, outras têm credibilidade limitada. Nenhuma teoria tem aceitação sólida no presente.
=== Teoria da escolha ===
De acordo com essa teoria, orientação juvenil é escolhida voluntariamente. Ela é defendida por pessoas que querem atribuir um valor moral a sentimentos sexuais e românticos e não é fundamentada em nenhum dado científico<ref>[https://www.b4uact.org/know-the-facts/ Summary Of MAP Research, B4U-ACT].</ref>.
=== Teoria do abuso sexual infantil ===
Essa teoria faz uma conexão entre desenvolvimento de atração juvenil e ocorrência de trauma sexual na infância. O fato de que muitos MAPs são sobreviventes de abuso sexual infantil é usado como prova. Porém, MAPs compartilham essas altas taxas de abuso infantil com outras minorias marginalizadas, muitas vítimas de abuso sexual infantil não são MAPs, e muitos MAPs não sofreram abuso sexual na infância.
=== Teoria do trauma não sexual ===
Essa teoria vem do Dr. James Cantor, que estudou MAPs condenados após um crime sexual, e publicou um estudo chamado “Intelligence, Memory, and Handedness in Pedophilia” (Inteligência, Memória e Mão Dominante na Pedofilia) em 2004<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/8902731_Intelligence_Memory_and_Handedness_in_Pedophilia Cantor, James & Blanchard, Ray & Christensen, Bruce & Dickey, Robert & Klassen, Philip & Beckstead, Lee & Blak, Thomas & Kuban, Michael. Intelligence, Memory, and Handedness in Pedophilia], Neuropsychology, 18(1):3-14. DOI: 10.1037/0894-4105.18.1.3. 2004.</ref>, onde ele estabeleceu uma correlação entre MAPitude e traços como memória ruim e baixo desempenho em testes de inteligência. Ele desenvolveu sua teoria em estudos posteriores e correlacionou ser MAP com ser mais baixo, ter menos matéria cerebral, e histórico de trauma craniano na infância. Pesquisas posteriores desmentiram suas conclusões, obtendo resultados diferentes em pesquisas com MAPs sem histórico de infração legal<ref>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28511726/ Massau C, Tenbergen G, Kärgel C, Weiß S, Gerwinn H, Pohl A, Amelung T, Mohnke S, Kneer J, Wittfoth M, Ristow I, Schiltz K, Beier KM, Ponseti J, Walter M, Kruger THC, Walter H, Schiffer B. Executive Functioning in Pedophilia and Child Sexual Offending], Journal of International Neuropsychological Society, 23(6):460-470. DOI: 10.1017/S1355617717000315. PMID: 28511726. 2017.</ref><ref>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27767244/ Kärgel C, Massau C, Weiß S, Walter M, Borchardt V, Krueger TH, Tenbergen G, Kneer J, Wittfoth M, Pohl A, Gerwinn H, Ponseti J, Amelung T, Beier KM, Mohnke S, Walter H, Schiffer B. Evidence for superior neurobiological and behavioral inhibitory control abilities in non-offending as compared to offending pedophiles], Human Brain Mapping, 38(2):1092-1104. DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23443. PMID: 27767244; PMCID: PMC6866877. 2017.</ref>.
=== Teoria do impulso de acolhimento de crianças ===
De acordo com essa teoria, orientação juvenil se desenvolve como resultado de sinais de acolhimento de crianças mal aplicados que são interpretados como desejo sexual<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5778266/ Ponseti, J., Bruhn, D., Nolting, J., Gerwinn, H., Pohl, A., Stirn, A., Granert, O., Laufs, H., Deuschl, G., Wolff, S., Jansen, O., Siebner, H., Briken, P., Mohnke, S., Amelung, T., Kneer, J., Schiffer, B., Walter, H., & Kruger, T. Decoding Pedophilia: Increased Anterior Insula Response to Infant Animal Pictures], Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 11:645. 23 de janeiro de 2018.</ref>. Essa teoria, popular com certos MAPs que gostam de definir sua identidade como “atração por fofura”, tem diversas limitações – ela começa com presumir que um impulso deve ser ou de acolhimento ou sexual, ignorando sentimentos românticos. Além disso, ela apresenta atração juvenil como algo exclusivo de homens, pois seriam estes que não seriam capazes de interpretar impulsos de acolhimento.
=== Teoria genética ===
Um estudo de gêmeos encontrou mais instâncias de atração juvenil em gêmeos geneticamente idênticos do que em gêmeos geneticamente diversos<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235369954_Evidence_for_Heritability_of_Adult_Men's_Sexual_Interest_in_Youth_under_Age_16_from_a_Population-Based_Extended_Twin_Design Alanko, Katarina & Salo, Benny & Mokros, Andreas & Santtila, Pekka. Evidence for Heritability of Adult Men’s Sexual Interest in Youth under Age 16 from a Population-Based Extended Twin Design], The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 10(4). DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12067. Janeiro de 2013.</ref>. Esse é o primeiro e único estudo do tipo, e apesar dos resultados parecerem plausíveis, não podem ser usados como guia até que sejam repetidos.

O mais provável é que orientação juvenil se desenvolva por uma combinação de eventos, dos quais escolha não faz parte. MAPs tendem a se referir a suas atrações como algo que descobriram inesperadamente, tipicamente no começo da adolescência. Uma grande parte dos MAPs tem consciência de suas atrações por volta dos 13-15 anos de idade<ref>[https://enderphile.wordpress.com/2018/09/11/growing-up-a-pedophile/ Ender Wiggin, “Growing up a pedophile”], 11 de setembro de 2018.</ref>.
== Recepção social ==
MAPs são uma das demografias mais estigmatizadas. Especialistas comentam que “é razoável presumir que MAPs encontram muito mais estigma do que minorias sexuais atraídas por adultos ou pessoas da mesma idade”<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330635952_Correlates_of_Chronic_Suicidal_Ideation_Among_Community-Based_Minor-Attracted_Persons Cohen, Lisa & Wilman-Depena, Sherilyn & Barzilay, Shira & Hawes, Mariah & Yaseen, Zimri & Galynker, Igor. Correlates of Chronic Suicidal Ideation Among Community-Based Minor-Attracted Persons], Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 32(6): 107906321982586. DOI: 10.1177/1079063219825868. Janeiro de 2019.</ref>. Violência contra MAPs é normalizada e vista como desejável, e MAPs ainda não têm grandes organizações pelos direitos humanos de seu lado, ao contrário da maioria das outras minorias. Pessoas que não são MAPs que defendem MAPs e ganham notoriedade costumam receber o mesmo estigma<ref>[https://www.change.org/p/stand-with-experts-against-misinformation Reinstate Professor Allyn Walker], Change.org.</ref>. A soma dos preconceitos e danos contra MAPs se chama MAPmisia.
== Referências ==

[[Category:Português]]

Atração juvenil

2025-02-02T03:11:09Z

Lecter: /* Minor attraction */

'''Orientação juvenil''' é um padrão estável e persistente de atração a pessoas significativamente mais novas e não completamente desenvolvidas. “Não completamente desenvolvidas” refere-se a pessoas que se assemelhem a alguém que a maioria das pessoas identificaria como sendo uma criança ou jovem adolescente.

O equivalente anglófono de orientação juvenil, minor attraction (atração por menores), é usado há mais de duas décadas. Esse conceito inclui as subcategorias: [[nepiofilia]], [[pedofilia]], [[hebefilia]] e, às vezes, [[efebofilia]]. Sua maior função é distinguir pedofilia de outras formas de atração por jovens, servindo de termo guarda-chuva.

== Significado ==

Atração juvenil consiste na atração de um adulto por uma criança ou jovem adolescente, ou de uma criança ou adolescente por uma criança muito mais nova. Tipicamente, para ser considerado um MAP (sigla em inglês para “pessoa atraída por menores”, uma pessoa com atração juvenil), uma pessoa deve sentir atração por jovens mais novos que 15 anos de idade e pelo menos 5 anos mais novos que a pessoa. Essa atração pode ser romântica, sexual, ou terciária (diferentes tipos de sentimentos que transcendem emoções de amizade ou laços familiares).

== Categorias ==
Em relação à divisão interna, orientação juvenil pode ser classificada de várias formas.
=== Pela presença de outras atrações ===
* Exclusiva, uma atração por crianças e jovens adolescentes somente;
* Não exclusiva, uma atração por crianças e jovens adolescentes acompanhada por uma atração por adultos e/ou jovens da mesma idade.
=== Pela preferência de gênero ===
* Boylove (amor de garoto), uma atração que prioriza meninos;
* Girllove (amor de garota), uma atração que prioriza meninas;
* Enbylove (amor de garote), uma atração que prioriza crianças e jovens não bináries;
* Childlove (amor de criança), uma atração sem preferência de gênero.
=== Pela preferência de idade ===
* Nepiofilia, uma atração por bebês e crianças pequenas, tipicamente abaixo dos 5 anos;
* Pedofilia, uma atração por crianças pré-púberes, tipicamente entre 5 e 10 anos;
* Hebefilia, uma atração por pré-adolescentes e adolescentes púberes, tipicamente entre 11 e 14 anos;
* Efebofilia, uma atração por adolescentes pós-púberes, entre 15 e 19 anos (esta atração pode não ser inerentemente uma atração MAP, mas efebófilos podem se identificar como MAPs).
Nota: nepiofilia é às vezes subdividida em infantofilia, atração por bebês, e nepiofilia, atração por crianças pequenas.
=== Pelo tipo de atração ===
* Sexual;
* Romântica;
* No espectro queer de atrações não alosexuais ou aloromânticas.
== Atração juvenil como termo ==
=== História ===
==== Minor attraction ====
A primeira menção do termo em inglês é atribuída à jornalista Heather Elizabeth Peterson, que usou a construção “minor-attracted adults” (adultos atraídos por menores) no seu artigo Not An Oxymoron (Não é um Oxímoro), publicado em dezembro de 1998 na revista Greenbelt Interfaith News<ref>[http://www.helping-people.info/articles/oxymoron.htm Heather E.P., “Not an Oxymoron”], Greenbelt Interfaith News, Philia, dezembro 1998.</ref>. Heather E. Peterson lembra ter tocado no assunto no fórum pedófilo BoyChat, no dia 19 de outubro de 1998: “O que vocês acham do termo ‘adultos atraídos por menores’? Soa um pouco bobo para mim mas talvez seja porque odeio neologismos. Certamente é um termo que transmite o que quero dizer. É mais apropriado que ‘adulto atraído por crianças’ já que tem tanta disputa sobre o que constitui uma criança, e apesar de deixar adolescentes amantes de garotos de fora, sempre pode-se usar o termo ‘pessoa atraída por menores’ se quiserem incluí-los”<ref>[https://www.newgon.net/wiki/Text_of_Heather_Peterson:_Origins_of_%22Minor_Attracted_Adult%22 Texto de Heather Peterson: Origins of “Minor Attracted Adult”], NewgonWiki.</ref>.

No Twitter, o perfil oficial de B4U-ACT, uma organização de saúde mental para MAPs, declara que “Começamos a usar o termo MAP por volta de 2007. O falecido Michael Melsheimer, nosso cofundador, introduziu ‘minor-attracted person’ (pessoa atraída por menores) como uma alternativa para ‘minor-attracted adult’ (adulto atraído por menores) para refletir que a maioria dos MAPs descobre suas atrações antes de virarem adultos”<ref>[https://twitter.com/B4U_ACT/status/1178872015375290369 B4U_ACT no Twitter].</ref>. A primeira instância registrada do uso do termo “minor attracted person” por B4U-ACT data do dia 22 de junho de 2007<ref>[https://www.b4uact.org/togetherchat-submits-report-to-bmhs/ “Togetherchat Submits Report To BMHS”], B4U-ACT.</ref>. Menções mais antigas do termo são extremamente difíceis de rastrear. Uma cópia arquivada de um comentário de BoyChat diz: “Aqui está um termo para todo mundo: MAP! - Jason 20-dezembro-2001 04:57:27, quinta-feira”<ref>[https://archive.ph/tmcaB BoyChat.org], arquivado no archive.today.</ref>. Acredita-se que é aqui que a sigla “MAP” apareceu pela primeira vez, e sua criação seria atribuída ao usuário GhostWriter, que faleceu em 2013<ref>[https://www.boychat.org/messages/1523354.htm BoyChat.org].</ref>.

==== Uso de termos em português ====
Em português vemos uma tendência em usar traduções literais dos termos em inglês ou os próprios termos em inglês. Há também quem use “pedofilia” como termo guarda-chuva. Como vimos, pedofilia se refere especificamente à atração por crianças pré-púberes, e não é um termo apropriado para se referir à atração por qualquer jovem ou menor de idade.

Um termo muito usado é “atração por menores”, como exemplificado no blog MAPness de shocu, que tem ensaios em português desde 2020<ref>[https://mapness.home.blog/tag/atracao-por-menores/ “Atração por menores”], MAPness, shocu, 2020.</ref>. Quanto as pessoas, são referidas como “pessoas atraídas por menores”, como visto em reportagens sobre Allyn Walker (ume aliade que escreveu um livro sobre MAPs)<ref>[https://www.portalt5.com.br/noticias/single/nid/professor-causa-revolta-apos-dizer-que-atracao-sexual-por-crianca-nem-sempre-e-imoral/ “Professor causa revolta após dizer que atração sexual por criança nem sempre é imoral”], Portal T5, 2021.</ref><ref>[https://pleno.news/comportamento/professor-nega-imoralidade-em-atracao-sexual-por-criancas.html “Professor nega imoralidade em atração sexual por crianças”], Pleno.News, 2021.</ref>.
Nesse artigo fizemos a escolha de usar os termos “MAP”, “orientação juvenil” e “atração juvenil”, apesar destes últimos terem sido inventados por nós, até onde sabemos. MAP, literalmente pessoa atraída por menores, é um empréstimo do inglês. Julgamos que é válido fazer esse empréstimo por ser a palavra mais conhecida e disseminada que se refere à comunidade. “Atração juvenil” (e seu derivado “atração por jovens”) seria equivalente de minor attraction. Este termo foi escolhido por ser curto, fugir da ideia de legalismo (já que menor de idade se refere a uma classificação política, e a atração é por integrantes de categorias biológicas e sociais), e passar a ideia, apropriada, de uma orientação direcionada a jovens. Orientação juvenil também é usado quando se fala da orientação e não só da atração.
==== Derivados ====
Esses são os derivados de minor attraction que existem no uso popular:
===== MAA =====
“Minor-attracted adult”, ou “adulto atraído por menores”, raramente usado hoje em dia. Cuidado: a sigla em português, AAM, se confunde com a sigla em inglês para “adult-attracted minor”, ou “menor atraído por adultos”, sigla usada com relativa frequência.
===== MHAM =====
“Male homosexual attraction to minors" (atração masculina homossexual por menores) e "minor attracted homosexual" (homossexual atraído por menores), termos que estavam em uso no começo dos anos 2000<ref>[https://www.mhamic.org/index.htm MHAMic].</ref>. O aparecimento desses termos foi consequência de MAPs homens e MAPs que amam garotos serem dois dos grupos demográficos mais visíveis da comunidade.
===== NOMAP =====
“Non-offending MAP”, ou “MAP não delinquente”, uma pessoa com orientação juvenil que nunca cometeu um crime sexual contra menores.
===== SOMAP =====
“Semi-offending MAP” (MAP semidelinquente), um termo criado de má fé por uma pessoa confirmadamente anti-MAP<ref>Starfall System [star-fall-system]. (2018, 18 de jun.). “as much as I hate pedos, I have to tell you that pinkpetal-pedo isn't an actual map. its a troll account made by an anti to try and garner support from the map community.” [Comentário]. Tumblr. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://star-fall-system.tumblr.com/post/175021329787/.</ref> que tinha um blog MAP falso, pink petal map and zoophile positivity!<ref>Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://archive.ph/xG8Fx.</ref>. A insinuação do termo é que se trata de MAPs que fazem sexo com crianças que consintam<ref> accABANDONED. (2018, 1 de jul.). SOMAP. Em Urban Dictionary. https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=SOMAP.</ref>, mas não é usado por MAPs pró-contato de verdade.
===== MAPitude =====
“MAPitude” ou “ser MAP”, estado de ser um MAP. Esse termo difere de “orientação juvenil” pois muda o foco da atração em si para todo um espectro de aspectos sociais e psicológicos da identidade. “MAPness” em inglês.
===== MAPmisia =====
MAPmisia é preconceito e ódio contra MAPs. O termo foi cunhado por Kamui em 2019. MAPmisíacos também são chamados “antis” ou “anti-MAPs”.

Alguns outros derivados podem ser encontrados na página identidades MAP pouco comuns.

==== Críticas ====
===== Críticas de anti-MAPs =====
Muitos anti-MAPs acreditam que “MAP” é uma tentativa de mudar imagem, de fazer um rebranding da pedofilia como “fofa”, “inofensiva”, de suavizar a palavra e torná-la assim mais aceitável para um público que é contra pedófilos, apesar do fato de que isso não funcionaria e não tem funcionado. Quase todo anti-pedófilo com acesso a redes sociais sabe o que “MAP” significa, e aqueles que não sabem são rapidamente informados ao perguntar (ou desinformados, com definições enviesadas). Aqueles que aprendem sobre a existência do termo sem contexto adicional também não o aceitam automaticamente, já que também são contra atração juvenil por via de regra. Antis alegam que o objetivo dos MAPs é “normalizar” a pedofilia, apesar de muitos ativistas MAP e pedófilos proeminentes serem contra o conceito de normatividade compulsória e acreditarem que o ato de reconhecer que identidades não normativas merecem respeito igual, ao invés de tentar assimilar seus traços em conceitos sociais de “normal”, seja necessário para a liberação MAP<ref>Lecter. (2019, 9 de set.). Rebellion vs assimilation. MAP Science Archive. Acessado em 5 de junho de 2020, em https://web.archive.org/web/20200605234048/https://wierstamann.wordpress.com/2019/09/09/rebellion-vs-assimilation/.</ref>. Até MAPs assimilacionistas que acreditam que suas atrações são normais e que normal significa bom e abnormal ruim não acreditam que mudar o rótulo para MAP conduza ao seu objetivo de normalização. Na verdade muitos rejeitam o termo MAP por patologizar pedófilos demasiado e por passar a impressão de não ser normal, e preferem termos como “pedófilo”, “amante de crianças” (childlover) ou “amante de jovens” (youthlover).

Pesquisadores que não são MAPs como Allyn Walker defenderam que o termo “MAP” em vez de “pedófilo” favorece a desestigmatização. A B4U-ACT também afirmou isso<ref>B4U-ACT [@B4U_ACT]. (2020, 31 de mar.). “First of all, one of our foremost goals is to promote communication. Other labels ascribed to this population carry connotations that can be misleading, prejudicial, and even derogatory. Those are barriers to understanding.” [Tuíte]. Twitter. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://twitter.com/B4U_ACT/status/1245106699410833410.</ref>. Porém, quase todos os ativistas MAP descordam fortemente com essa proposta de assimilação, e apoiam a reivindicação e/ou abertamente reivindicam o termo “pedófilo” como parte de suas identidades. Eles acreditam que ter esse acrônimo separado, “MAP”, só é útil como termo guarda-chuva inclusivo para nepiófilos, pedófilos, hebéfilos e às vezes efebófilos, não como ferramenta política de assimilação.

Existe uma crença comum de que o rebranding MAP foi uma tentativa de “fazer pedófilos parte da comunidade LGBTQ+”. Entretanto, não foram ativistas MAP que proclamaram isso, e sim antis queermísicos do 4chan, para tentar sujar a imagem da comunidade LGBTQ+. Enquanto isso, muitos MAPs caem sob o espectro LGBTQ+ mesmo em sua conceptualização atual porque não são heterossexuais ou não são heterorromânticos, porque são transgênero ou de alguma forma não são cisgênero, porque são intersexo e/ou, às vezes (dependendo de como se identificam individualmente e do nível de inclusividade entre ativistas LGBTQ+<ref>[Forest Spirit 666 [@ForestSpirit666]. “Theres no legitimate reason polyamory isn't Queer. Polyamory goes against so many norms and ideas of” [Tuíte]. Twitter. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://twitter.com/ForestSpirit666/status/1206352243534024711.</ref>) porque são poliamorosos. No entanto, diversos MAPs que tecnicamente caem nesta definição de “LGBTQ+” a rejeitam, pois não gostam da sigla ou estéticas ou comunidade ou implicações assimilacionistas, e preferem se identificar como queer. Alguns MAPs queer também argumentam pelo princípio da inclusividade radical, incluindo não proibir MAPs monoamorosos, perissexo, alossexuais, alorromânticos, cisgênero e héteros de se identificar como LGBTQ+ ou queer, já que acreditam que o ser queer não deve ser estritamente definido nem se deve ‘filtrar’ quem é ou não é queer. Alguns poucos MAPs que são também LGBTQ+ (pela definição acima) argumentam que sua MAPitude também é LGBTQ+ e/ou que MAPitude deveria ser considerada LGBTQ+ por definição, e alguns outros MAPs defendem que sua MAPitude é também parte de sua identidade queer e/ou que ser MAP é inerentemente queer. Alguns ativistas MAP queer, como Lecter, têm expressado discordância com a ideia de que ser MAP ou ter outra parafilia seja inerentemente queer, querendo em vez disso que a prática geral seja que a consideração da própria MAPitude e outras parafilias como queer ocorra em um modelo opt-in ao invés de opt-out. Outros ativistas MAP queer, como chronic, acreditam que a prática deveria seguir um modelo opt-in se uma percentagem suficientemente pequena de MAPs quiser que MAPitude seja opt-out como inerentemente queer, e deveria ser opt-out se uma percentagem suficientemente grande de MAPs quiser que seja assim.

James Cantor, um pesquisador gay que não é MAP, tem tentado falar pelos pedófilos, argumentando que a aplicação consistente dos princípios pelos quais “damos” direitos a pessoas gays necessitaria inclusão total de pedofilia como parte de LGBTQ+<ref>Cantor, J. [@JamesCantorPhD]. (2018, 8 de dez.). “Speaking as a gay men, I believe we SHOULD include the P. To do otherwise is to betray the principles that give us our rights.” [Tuíte]. Twitter. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://twitter.com/jamescantorphd/status/1071499969910198274.</ref>. Suas falas foram criticadas tanto por MAPs LGBTQ+ quanto por numerosos anti-MAPs.
===== Críticas de MAPs =====
MAPs antiassimilacionistas têm criticado o acrônimo “MAP” por definir sua atração com foco nas perspetivas dos antis que veem tais atrações como dignas de estigmatização, opressão ou sofrimento, e não segundo traços intrínsecos das atrações em si (veja: o discurso sobre se efebofilia deveria ser incluída ou fazer parte inerente na MAPitude). MAPs não ocidentais também criticam o termo por ser centrado na cultura estadunidense<ref>Americentrism. (n.d.). Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americentrism.</ref> por conter o termo “menor”, um construto legal que não existe em todos os países e nem é igual em todos. MAPs do movimento de liberação da juventude (youth liberation) criticam o termo por conter “menor”, pois “menor de idade” é um construto opressivo que querem abolir. MAPs queer criticam o termo por lembrar same-sex attracted (atraíde pelo mesmo sexo), um termo que se originou com proponentes da terapia de conversão<ref>Conversion therapy. Wikipédia. (n.d.). Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversion_therapy.
</ref>. Youth-oriented (orientação juvenil) foi proposto como alternativa, mas não ganhou muito impulso e tem pouco uso. O termo adjacente, youthlover (amante de jovens), é comum em círculos pró-contato amatonormativos, mas foi cunhado anterior e separadamente.
== Desenvolvimento ==
A existência de orientação juvenil tem sido um tópico de especulação por certo tempo, e há várias teorias acerca de seu desenvolvimento. Algumas não têm fonte científica, outras têm credibilidade limitada. Nenhuma teoria tem aceitação sólida no presente.
=== Teoria da escolha ===
De acordo com essa teoria, orientação juvenil é escolhida voluntariamente. Ela é defendida por pessoas que querem atribuir um valor moral a sentimentos sexuais e românticos e não é fundamentada em nenhum dado científico<ref>[https://www.b4uact.org/know-the-facts/ Summary Of MAP Research, B4U-ACT].</ref>.
=== Teoria do abuso sexual infantil ===
Essa teoria faz uma conexão entre desenvolvimento de atração juvenil e ocorrência de trauma sexual na infância. O fato de que muitos MAPs são sobreviventes de abuso sexual infantil é usado como prova. Porém, MAPs compartilham essas altas taxas de abuso infantil com outras minorias marginalizadas, muitas vítimas de abuso sexual infantil não são MAPs, e muitos MAPs não sofreram abuso sexual na infância.
=== Teoria do trauma não sexual ===
Essa teoria vem do Dr. James Cantor, que estudou MAPs condenados após um crime sexual, e publicou um estudo chamado “Intelligence, Memory, and Handedness in Pedophilia” (Inteligência, Memória e Mão Dominante na Pedofilia) em 2004<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/8902731_Intelligence_Memory_and_Handedness_in_Pedophilia Cantor, James & Blanchard, Ray & Christensen, Bruce & Dickey, Robert & Klassen, Philip & Beckstead, Lee & Blak, Thomas & Kuban, Michael. Intelligence, Memory, and Handedness in Pedophilia], Neuropsychology, 18(1):3-14. DOI: 10.1037/0894-4105.18.1.3. 2004.</ref>, onde ele estabeleceu uma correlação entre MAPitude e traços como memória ruim e baixo desempenho em testes de inteligência. Ele desenvolveu sua teoria em estudos posteriores e correlacionou ser MAP com ser mais baixo, ter menos matéria cerebral, e histórico de trauma craniano na infância. Pesquisas posteriores desmentiram suas conclusões, obtendo resultados diferentes em pesquisas com MAPs sem histórico de infração legal<ref>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28511726/ Massau C, Tenbergen G, Kärgel C, Weiß S, Gerwinn H, Pohl A, Amelung T, Mohnke S, Kneer J, Wittfoth M, Ristow I, Schiltz K, Beier KM, Ponseti J, Walter M, Kruger THC, Walter H, Schiffer B. Executive Functioning in Pedophilia and Child Sexual Offending], Journal of International Neuropsychological Society, 23(6):460-470. DOI: 10.1017/S1355617717000315. PMID: 28511726. 2017.</ref><ref>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27767244/ Kärgel C, Massau C, Weiß S, Walter M, Borchardt V, Krueger TH, Tenbergen G, Kneer J, Wittfoth M, Pohl A, Gerwinn H, Ponseti J, Amelung T, Beier KM, Mohnke S, Walter H, Schiffer B. Evidence for superior neurobiological and behavioral inhibitory control abilities in non-offending as compared to offending pedophiles], Human Brain Mapping, 38(2):1092-1104. DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23443. PMID: 27767244; PMCID: PMC6866877. 2017.</ref>.
=== Teoria do impulso de acolhimento de crianças ===
De acordo com essa teoria, orientação juvenil se desenvolve como resultado de sinais de acolhimento de crianças mal aplicados que são interpretados como desejo sexual<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5778266/ Ponseti, J., Bruhn, D., Nolting, J., Gerwinn, H., Pohl, A., Stirn, A., Granert, O., Laufs, H., Deuschl, G., Wolff, S., Jansen, O., Siebner, H., Briken, P., Mohnke, S., Amelung, T., Kneer, J., Schiffer, B., Walter, H., & Kruger, T. Decoding Pedophilia: Increased Anterior Insula Response to Infant Animal Pictures], Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 11:645. 23 de janeiro de 2018.</ref>. Essa teoria, popular com certos MAPs que gostam de definir sua identidade como “atração por fofura”, tem diversas limitações – ela começa com presumir que um impulso deve ser ou de acolhimento ou sexual, ignorando sentimentos românticos. Além disso, ela apresenta atração juvenil como algo exclusivo de homens, pois seriam estes que não seriam capazes de interpretar impulsos de acolhimento.
=== Teoria genética ===
Um estudo de gêmeos encontrou mais instâncias de atração juvenil em gêmeos geneticamente idênticos do que em gêmeos geneticamente diversos<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235369954_Evidence_for_Heritability_of_Adult_Men's_Sexual_Interest_in_Youth_under_Age_16_from_a_Population-Based_Extended_Twin_Design Alanko, Katarina & Salo, Benny & Mokros, Andreas & Santtila, Pekka. Evidence for Heritability of Adult Men’s Sexual Interest in Youth under Age 16 from a Population-Based Extended Twin Design], The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 10(4). DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12067. Janeiro de 2013.</ref>. Esse é o primeiro e único estudo do tipo, e apesar dos resultados parecerem plausíveis, não podem ser usados como guia até que sejam repetidos.

O mais provável é que orientação juvenil se desenvolva por uma combinação de eventos, dos quais escolha não faz parte. MAPs tendem a se referir a suas atrações como algo que descobriram inesperadamente, tipicamente no começo da adolescência. Uma grande parte dos MAPs tem consciência de suas atrações por volta dos 13-15 anos de idade<ref>[https://enderphile.wordpress.com/2018/09/11/growing-up-a-pedophile/ Ender Wiggin, “Growing up a pedophile”], 11 de setembro de 2018.</ref>.
== Recepção social ==
MAPs são uma das demografias mais estigmatizadas. Especialistas comentam que “é razoável presumir que MAPs encontram muito mais estigma do que minorias sexuais atraídas por adultos ou pessoas da mesma idade”<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330635952_Correlates_of_Chronic_Suicidal_Ideation_Among_Community-Based_Minor-Attracted_Persons Cohen, Lisa & Wilman-Depena, Sherilyn & Barzilay, Shira & Hawes, Mariah & Yaseen, Zimri & Galynker, Igor. Correlates of Chronic Suicidal Ideation Among Community-Based Minor-Attracted Persons], Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 32(6): 107906321982586. DOI: 10.1177/1079063219825868. Janeiro de 2019.</ref>. Violência contra MAPs é normalizada e vista como desejável, e MAPs ainda não têm grandes organizações pelos direitos humanos de seu lado, ao contrário da maioria das outras minorias. Pessoas que não são MAPs que defendem MAPs e ganham notoriedade costumam receber o mesmo estigma<ref>[https://www.change.org/p/stand-with-experts-against-misinformation Reinstate Professor Allyn Walker], Change.org.</ref>. A soma dos preconceitos e danos contra MAPs se chama MAPmisia.
== Referências ==

[[Category:Português]]

Common misconceptions about maps

2025-01-24T19:34:13Z

Lecter:

This post is intended to be used as an informative and educational tool by anyone who encounters these misconceptions and wishes to correct them.
== The nature of minor attraction ==
=== "Pedophilia is a mental illness" ===

'''TL;DR: There is a difference between the diagnosis of pedophilic disorder and pedophia, and this difference is acknowledged by professionals.'''

Pedophilia is frequently equated to the diagnosis of pedophilic disorder. In reality, currently both the International Classification of Diseases (maintained by the World Health Organization) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (maintained by the American Psychiatric Association) recognize the difference between having an attraction to children and having a mental disorder.

"If individuals also complain that their sexual attractions or preferences for children are causing marked distress or psychosocial difficulties, they may be diagnosed with pedophilic disorder. However, if they report an absence of feelings of guilt, shame, or anxiety about these impulses and are not functionally limited by their paraphilic impulses (according to self-report, objective assessment, or both), and their self-reported and legally recorded histories indicate that they have never acted on their impulses, then these individuals have a pedophilic sexual interest but not pedophilic disorder."

[https://www.docdroid.net/1TkXiNH/dsm-5-tr-pdf#page=1487 DSM-5-TR, Pedophilic disorder]

"In addition, in order for Pedophilic Disorder to be diagnosed, the individual must have acted on these thoughts, fantasies or urges or be markedly distressed by them."

[https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en#517058174 ICD-11, Pedophilic disorder]

"Pedophilia is defined as an ongoing sexual attraction toward pre-pubertal children (Freund, 1963, 1967; Seto, 2009). In the new DSM-5, pedophilia is de-pathologized by differentiating between the sexual preference for prepubescent children (i.e., pedophilia) and the disorder in case of additional factors. These factors include experiencing significant distress and impairment by fantasies and urges, or the acting out on behavioral level, including child pornography consumption and/or committing hands-on CSA offenses."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4478390/ Tenbergen, G., Wittfoth, M., Frieling, H., Ponseti, J., Walter, M., Walter, H., Beier, K. M., Schiffer, B., & Kruger, T. H. (2015). The Neurobiology and Psychology of Pedophilia: Recent Advances and Challenges. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 9, 344. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00344]

Similar changes were made to diagnoses, related to other paraphilias.

=== "'Map' is a politically correct term made up to normalize pedophilia" ===

'''TL;DR: "Map" is a term that was invented by a journalist and is actively used by researchers and mental health professionals. It is not simply another word for "pedophile", but covers a range of attractions where pedophilia is only one of them: infantophilia, nepiophilia, pedophilia, hebephilia, and, sometimes, ephebophilia. Maps who do fall under the scientific definition of "pedophilia" overwhelmingly tend to accept the pedophile identity.'''

The term "minor attraction" in a construction "minor attracted adults" was first introduced by a non-map journalist Heather Elizabeth Peterson in 1998.

"So what do you think of the term 'minor-attracted adults'? It sounds a bit silly to my ears, but maybe that's just because I hate neologisms. It certainly says what I'm trying to say. It's more accurate than 'child-attracted adult' because there's a lot of dispute over what constitutes a child, and though it does leave teenage boylovers out of the picture, one could always use the term 'minor-attracted person' if one wanted to include them."

[https://map-wiki.com/index.php/Minor/youth_attraction#Minor_attraction_as_a_term Map Wiki, part of H.E. Peterson's message to a map forum on October 19, 1998]

"The discussions of biblical and theological issues associated with pedophilia were brief, the statements did not mention the place of minor-attracted adults in society, and no pastoral guidance was offered to pedophiles who wished to follow church rules."

[https://www.helping-people.info/articles/oxymoron.htm "Not an Oxymoron" by H.E. Peterson, Greenbelt Interfaith News, Philia, December 1998]

The term has since been incorporated by mental health organizations.

"We started using the term MAP around 2007. The late Michael Melsheimer, our co-founder, introduced "minor-attracted person" as an alternative to "minor-attracted adult," to reflect that most MAPs realize these attractions before they are adults themselves."

[https://x.com/B4U_ACT/status/1178872015375290369 B4U-ACT official account on Twitter]

"We use this term to refer to adults who experience feelings of preferential sexual attraction to children or adolescents under the age of consent, as well as adolescents who have such feelings for younger children. It is important to realize that these sexual feelings are usually accompanied by feelings of emotional attraction, similar to the romantic feelings most adults have for other adults."

[https://www.b4uact.org/about-us/faq/ B4U-ACT, FAQ]

In addition to that, "map" has come to cover more than just "pedophile". Pedophilia does not actually mean attraction to anyone under 18, it refers to an attraction to prepubescents.

"Pedophilia is defined clinically as a recurrent, intense sexual attraction to prepubescent children."

[https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2018-33719-002 Seto, M. C. (2018). Defining pedophilia. In M. C Seto, Pedophilia and sexual offending against children: Theory, assessment, and intervention (2nd ed., pp. 9–30). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000107-002]

"In this article, I briefly review research on nepiophilia (infant/toddlers), pedophilia (prepubescent children), hebephilia (pubescent children), ephebophilia (postpubescent, sexually maturing adolescents), teleiophilia (young sexually mature adults, typically 20s and 30s), mesophilia (middle-aged adults, typically 40s and 50s), and gerontophilia (elderly adults, typically 60s and older) in the context of a multidimensional sexual orientations framework."

[https://zero.sci-hub.se/6128/cb925f232cf2f81ab0ab0b1c05257af3/10.1007@s10508-016-0799-y.pdf Seto M. C. (2017). The Puzzle of Male Chronophilias. Archives of sexual behavior, 46(1), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0799-y]

"The phrase “minor attraction” acts as an umbrella term to describe a range of chronophilic orientations. A chronophilia is a distinct type of sexual attraction pattern that varies as a function of the ages of preferred sexual targets (Seto, 2017). The most studied chronophilic category is pedophilia, which is defined as a primary or exclusive sexual attraction to pre-pubertal children, typically between the ages of 3 and 10 years (Blanchard et al., 2009). However, Seto’s (2017) model of chronophilias takes a much broader view and acknowledges that some people may have sexual preferences for younger infants (nepiophilia), pubescent children aged 11–14 years (hebephilia), or older minors who, depending on the legal code of a given jurisdiction, may be below the age of consent (ephebophilia). This latter category is controversial, in that some argue how some level of sexual attraction to post-pubescent minors who are approaching the age of consent is a normative form of sexuality (for a discussion, see Stephens & Seto, 2016). Seto’s (2017) chronophilias continue to encompass attractions to adults of traditional reproductive age (teleiophilia), middle age (mesophilia), and older age (gerontophilia). For the purposes of this paper, we consider “minor attraction” to encompass the nepiophilic, pedophilic, and hebephilic attraction categories."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8888496/ Lievesley, R., & Lapworth, R. (2022). "We Do Exist": The Experiences of Women Living with a Sexual Interest in Minors. Archives of sexual behavior, 51(2), 879–896. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-021-02160-z]

=== "Self-identified maps reject being called pedophiles" ===
'''TL;DR: Most pedophiles do not object to being identified as pedophiles and use this label alongside calling themselves maps.'''

"Overall, quantitative data showed acceptance of “pedophile/hebephile” as well as a range of alternative labels in a personal (Labeling Oneself) and a professional context (Being Labeled by Others). “Minor-attracted person” and “pedophile/hebephile” received generally higher support than other terms and appeared to be least divisive across three major online fora. <...> We detected the wordstem “hebe” or “pedo” (including spelling variants “paedo” or “pädo”) in 136 individual responses (i.e., 48%, not counting two cases where participants used it in a negative sense, e.g., "anything but pedophile"). Among these 136 participants, 100 explicitly included the words “pedophile” and/or “hebephile” or a close variant or combination (e.g., pedohebephile, nepiopedophile, pedo, homopaedophile, non-oﬀending pedophile) as a noun referring to a person."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/364024544_Pedophile_Child_Lover_or_Minor-Attracted_Person_Attitudes_Toward_Labels_Among_People_Who_are_Sexually_Attracted_to_Children Jahnke, Sara & Blagden, Nicholas & Hill, Laura. (2022). Pedophile, Child Lover, or Minor-Attracted Person? Attitudes Toward Labels Among People Who are Sexually Attracted to Children. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 51. 1-15. 10.1007/s10508-022-02331-6.]

"73% of maps who fit the definition of pedophilia had a positive attitude towards this label, while 23% were neutral and 4% were negative. Among maps who do not fit the definition of pedophilia these numbers were 42%, 45%, and 12% accordingly."

[https://map-wiki.com/index.php/Pedophilia Map Wiki, Pedophilia]

"We felt it was appropriate to include response options such as pedophile and hebephile as these terms are frequently used on online forums, even though these terms are not consistent with American Psychological Association guidelines regarding person-centered language. The most endorsed terms were child lover (51.6%), pedophile (51.0%), and Minor Attracted Person (40.2%). The total does not add up to 100% as participants could have chosen multiple answers."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9 Martijn, F. M., Babchishin, K. M., Pullman, L. E., & Seto, M. C. (2020). Sexual Attraction and Falling in Love in Persons with Pedohebephilia. Archives of Sexual Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9]

"In general, participants endorsed multiple sexual orientation identities. From the list provided in the survey, and including any identities that participants elected to write-in, participants endorsed an average of 3.73 sexual orientation identities (SD = 1.63, range: 1-10). Specifically regarding minor attraction identities, participants endorsed an average of 2.53 identities (SD = 1.06, range: 0-5). The most commonly endorsed identity overall was “pedophile,” with 123 out of 160 participants identifying that way. Many participants also labeled themselves using other chronophilic labels, such as “hebephile” (N = 82) and “ephebophile” (N = 55)."

[https://ecommons.cornell.edu/items/a86330d9-5a3d-4013-af85-667f9f2232a0 Cash, B.M. (2016). Self-Identifications, Sexual Development, And Wellbeing In Minor-Attracted People: An Exploratory Study.]

=== "DSM listed pedophilia as a sexual orientation by mistake" ===

'''TL;DR: In 2013 DSM-5 used to refer to pedophilia with words "pedophilic sexual orientation", and after pressure from the public, the phrase was changed to "pedophilic sexual interest". The change was done due to harassment and did not reflect any actual change of opinion among researchers, who still continue exploring it as an orientation.'''

"In the face of significant criticism of its inclusion in the DSM-5, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) has stated its intention to remove the term Pedophilic Sexual Orientation from the diagnostic manual.2 Removing that term in response to public criticism would be a mistake. Experiencing ongoing sexual attractions to prepubescent children is, in essence, a form of sexual orientation, and acknowledging that reality can help to distinguish the mental makeup that is inherent to Pedophilia, from acts of child sexual abuse."

[https://jaapl.org/content/42/4/404 Pedophilia and DSM-5: The Importance of Clearly Defining the Nature of a Pedophilic Disorder, Fred S. Berlin, Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online Dec 2014, 42 (4) 404-407]

"By the above deﬁnition of sexual orientation — and most common deﬁnitions of sexual orientation — pedophilia can be viewed as a sexual age orientation based on the more limited evidence available regarding its age of onset, associations with sexual and romantic behavior, and stability over time. Though there are clearly differences in some respects, there are also striking similarities in the research literature on pedophilia."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6 Seto, M. C. (2012). Is Pedophilia a Sexual Orientation? Archives of Sexual Behavior, 41(1), 231–236. doi:10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6]

=== "Maps do not experience romantic feelings" ===

'''TL;DR: While it is common to depict mapness as solely a sexual "urge", most maps are romantically attracted to children and teenagers in their preferred age range.'''

"The majority (72%) of participants reported they had fallen in love with a child in their lifetime. Participants reported greater feelings of attachment to children than feelings of infatuation. Though sexual attraction and falling in love were strongly correlated, they were not synonymous."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9 Martijn, F. M., Babchishin, K. M., Pullman, L. E., & Seto, M. C. (2020). Sexual Attraction and Falling in Love in Persons with Pedohebephilia. Archives of Sexual Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9]

"Overall, romantic attraction to minors resembles romantic attraction to adults."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39118553/ Levitan, J. A., Martijn, F. M., Santaguida, M., & Seto, M. C. (2024). Minor-Attracted Men's Lived Experiences of Romantic Attraction. Journal of sex & marital therapy, 50(7), 811–824. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2024.2385909]

== Maps and sexual abuse ==
=== "Pedophilia is illegal" ===

'''TL;DR: Pedophilia by itself is not illegal the way child sexual abuse is.'''

"While pedophilia itself does not give rise to criminal liability, acting on it does."

[https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/pedophilia Cornell Law School, Legal Information Institute, Pedophilia]

"Pedophilia is often confused with pedosexuality. Pedosexuality refers to sexual behavior or acts towards children. The distinction is crucial: pedophilia as a sexual preference itself is not illegal; however, engaging in pedosexual acts with minors is."

[https://degroote-deman.be/en/news/from-sensation-to-precision-dgdm-lawyers-demystify-sexual-offenses-child-pornography-pedophilia-and-sexual-abuse-in-the-media/ From Sensation to Precision: DGDM Lawyers Demystify Sexual Offenses, Child Pornography, Pedophilia, and Sexual Abuse in the Media], note: usage of "pedosexuality" to refer to sexual acts with children is specific to several European countries and not universal.

=== "All child molesters are pedophiles" ===

'''TL;DR: Many people mistakenly believe that everyone who sexually abuses children is automatically a pedophile, but in reality most abusers are not pedophiles, since "pedophilia" refers to attraction, not actions.'''

"Not all individuals who sexually assault children are pedophiles. Pedophilia consists of a sexual preference for children that may or may not lead to child sexual abuse (e.g., viewing child pornography), whereas child sexual abuse involves sexual contact with a child that may or may not be due to pedophilia (Camilleri & Quinsey, 2008)."

[https://smart.ojp.gov/somapi/chapter-3-sex-offender-typologies Dominique A. Simons (March 2017). Sex Offender Management Assessment and Planning Initiative. Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking]

"The terms ‘paedophile’ and ‘child sex offender’ are often used interchangeably (Nellis 2009). It is important to understand, however, that the two terms have different meanings; not all child sex offenders are paedophiles and conversely, not all paedophiles are child sex offenders. <...> paedophiles are those individuals who are sexually attracted to young children; these individuals may or may not act on this attraction. Conversely, while some child sex offenders are attracted to children, others may have sexual interest in and/or offend against both children and adults, and/or may act out of opportunity rather than an exclusive sexual interest in children."

[https://www.aic.gov.au/publications/tandi/tandi429 Richards K 2011. Misperceptions about child sex offenders. Trends & issues in crime and criminal justice no. 429. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. https://doi.org/10.52922/ti258908]

In addition to that, people without an attraction to children make up a majority of offenders.

"Those showing no sexual preference disorder, but who, for different reasons, sexually abuse children seeking a surrogate. This group comprises e.g. sexually inexperienced adolescents, mentally retarded persons, those with anti-social personality disorders and perpetrators within general traumatizing family constellations – and accounts for approximately 60% of officially known offenders."

[https://www.praeventionstag.de/dokumentation/download.cms?id=2090 Beier, K.M. (2015). The German Dunkelfeld Project: Proactive Strategies to Prevent Child Sexual Abuse and the Use of Child Abusive Images. Paper presented at the 8th Annual International Forum 2014 within the German Congress on Crime Prevention. Mönchengladbach, DE: Forum Verlag Godesberg GmbH.]

"Are all offenders paedophiles? No. Paedophilia is a stable sexual preference for children. It is one of the so-called ‘paraphilias’ or sexual preferences that differ from what is regarded as normal. Other paraphilias are exhibitionism and necrophilia. As shown in §7.2.1.2, 20% of suspects who undergo a personality assessment are found to have deviant sexual preferences, including preferences other than paedophilia; in other words, 80% do not have deviant sexual preferences."

[https://www.dutchrapporteur.nl/publications/reports/2015/03/19/on-solid-ground-tackling-sexual-violence-against-children-2014 National Rapporteur on Trafficking in Human Beings (2014). On solid ground. Tackling sexual violence against children in the Netherlands. The Hague: National Rapporteur.]

"Only a small part (16,2 %) of sexual offenders against children meet the criteria (DSM-IV-TR) for pedophilia."

[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0924933814777314 D. Kesicky, I. Andre, M. Kesicka, EPA-0284 – Pedophiles and (or) child molesters, European Psychiatry, Volume 29, Supplement 1, 2014, Page 1, ISSN 0924-9338, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-9338(14)77731-4.]

"Despite common misperceptions, pedophilia is neither a necessary nor sufficient precondition for sexual offending against children [5]. In fact, an unknown, but most likely substantial number of people with a sexual preference for children never commit sexual offenses [6], and an estimated 40–60 percent of sexual offenses against children are not committed by people with pedophilic interests [5,7,8,9]."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7460489/ Stelzmann, D., Jahnke, S., & Kuhle, L. F. (2020). Media Coverage of Pedophilia: Benefits and Risks from Healthcare Practitioners' Point of View. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(16), 5739. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165739]

=== "All pedophiles offend" ===

'''TL;DR: Statistics, related to demographics and behavior of maps are still scarce, but it is reasonable to presume that most maps do not commit offenses.'''

87% of map participants did not commit any sexual offenses (infromation from slide 13).

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329544224_Experiences_of_sexual_and_romantic_attraction_to_children_andor_adults_in_persons_with_pedohebephilia_2018 Martijn, Frederica. (2018). Experiences of sexual and romantic attraction to children and/or adults in persons with pedohebephilia (2018).]

"Men reporting that they had been convicted of either viewing child pornography or a sexual contact offense with a child aged 14 or younger comprised 12.2% (145/ 1189) of the sample."

[https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000212 Bailey, J. M., Hsu, K. J., & Bernhard, P. A. (2016). An Internet study of men sexually attracted to children: Sexual attraction patterns. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(7), 976–988. doi:10.1037/abn0000212]

=== "Stigma for maps is beneficial" ===

'''TL;DR: Experts agree that both stigma towards maps in the society and internalized self-hate don't benefit CSA prevention anyhow.'''

"There is an emerging consensus among researchers that having pedophilic interests is not synonymous with child sexual abuse or other amoral behavior. Nevertheless, misconceptions about pedophilia are highly prevalent among the general public and mental health practitioners. <…> We argue that stigmatization of people with pedophilic sexual interests has undesired indirect effects on risk factors for child sexual abuse, particularly on an emotional and social level. Also, fear of being rejected or treated unethically may prevent pedophilic individuals at risk for sexual offending from confiding in medical practitioners or psychotherapists. Psychologists working with pedophilic individuals in forensic or clinical settings should be aware that stigmatizing people with pedophilia may increase their risk of sexual offending, and provide help to deal with potential stigma-related repercussions."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323515098_The_Stigma_of_Pedophilia_Clinical_and_Forensic_Implications Jahnke, Sara. (2018). The Stigma of Pedophilia: Clinical and Forensic Implications. European Psychologist. 23. 144 – 153. 10.1027/1016-9040/a000325.]

"Stigmatization and societal punitiveness about pedophilia have a range of potential consequences, such as the social isolation of people with sexual interest in children, and the formation of policies that are not consistent with empirical research findings. Previous research has shown that people with pedophilic sexual interests use societal thinking to self-stigmatize, which in turn may actually serve to increase their risk of committing a sexual offense."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311545002_Reducing_Stigma_and_Punitive_Attitudes_Toward_Pedophiles_Through_Narrative_Humanization Harper, Craig & Bartels, Ross & Hogue, Todd. (2016). Reducing Stigma and Punitive Attitudes Toward Pedophiles Through Narrative Humanization. Sexual Abuse A Journal of Research and Treatment. 30. 10.1177/1079063216681561.]

"Results revealed that the shame and secrecy resulting from stigma associated with pedophilic interests often prevented our respondents from seeking professional counseling, and only about 20% tried to talk to anyone about their sexual interests prior to their arrest. Barriers to seeking and receiving psychological services included concerns about confidentiality, fears of social and legal consequences, personal shame or confusion about the problem, affordability, and challenges finding competent therapists who were adequately equipped to help them. Understanding and ultimately reducing obstacles to help-seeking can improve the quality of life for people with harmful sexual interests and potentially prevent sexual abuse of children or other vulnerable individuals."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315895306_Obstacles_to_Help-Seeking_for_Sexual_Offenders_Implications_for_Prevention_of_Sexual_Abuse Levenson, Jill & Willis, Gwenda & Vicencio, Claudia. (2017). Obstacles to Help-Seeking for Sexual Offenders: Implications for Prevention of Sexual Abuse. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. 26. 99-120. 10.1080/10538712.2016.1276116.]

"In the general public however, it is to be expected that sexually abusive behavior towards children is often confused with pedophilia as a sexual preference. In the media, people with pedophile or other paraphile interests are often stereotypically portrayed as violent criminals (Diefenbach, 1997; Kitzinger, 2004). The public’s view of sexual offenders is extremely negative (Fortney, Levenson, Brannon, & Baker, 2007). Agreement with the stereotype that pedophilia often or always coincides with child sex offenses is likely to prompt a high degree of discrimination against people with pedophilia, regardless of their actual behavior. This may have a negative impact on the mental health of a person suffering from pedophilia, and unwanted indirect effects on the likelihood of this person seeking therapy when needed. Both potential consequences may, presumably, put children at risk of child sexual abuse."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264231704_Stigmatization_of_People_With_Pedophilia_A_Blind_Spot_in_Stigma_Research Jahnke, Sara & Hoyer, Jürgen. (2013). Stigmatization of People With Pedophilia: A Blind Spot in Stigma Research. International Journal of Sexual Health. 25. 169-184. 10.1080/19317611.2013.795921.]

"For instance, the societal rhetoric about people who abuse children (e.g., “monsters,” “predators,” and “deviants,” along with declarations that they are not amenable to treatment and will inevitably reoffend) is rather damaging to the self-concepts of MAPs, who internalize these stigmatizing perceptions (Buckman et al., 2016; Jahnke, 2018). The shame and secrecy that result from this stigma prevent MAPs from reaching out to find role models, professionals, or confidants who might offer support or advice about how to deal with minor attraction and achieve a satisfying and healthy life (Beier, 2016; Buckman et al., 2016; Piché et al., 2016)."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1177/1079063218797713 Levenson, J. S., & Grady, M. D. (2018). Preventing Sexual Abuse: Perspectives of Minor-Attracted Persons About Seeking Help. Sexual Abuse, 107906321879771. doi:10.1177/1079063218797713]

=== "Communication with children increases risk of offense" ===
'''TL;DR: Communication with children decreases beliefs in acting on the attraction.'''

"Results showed that both increased social and physical contact were significantly linked to fewer legitimizing beliefs toward sex with children, even when controlling for past psychotherapy, educational level, social desirability, and age."

[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-017-1042-1 Geradt, M., Jahnke, S., Heinz, J. et al. Is Contact with Children Related to Legitimizing Beliefs Toward Sex with Children Among Men with Pedophilia?. Arch Sex Behav 47, 375–387 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-1042-1]

== Maps and therapy ==
=== "Therapy for maps involves rejecting and/or changing the attraction" ===

'''TL;DR: Mapness is immutable and cannot be changed by therapy. Good quality therapy offered to maps is centered around self acceptance.'''

"There are no compelling data to suggest that pedophiles might be converted into teleiophiles(persons with a primary sexual interest in adults). Multiple types of interventions have been attempted, including sex-drive-reducing medications and talk therapies informed by any of many theoretical orientations. Although there exist authors who have claimed that their interventions changed their clients’ fundamental sexual interests (e.g., Fedoroff, 1988, 1992), such reports do not include comparison groups, long-term follow-up, or any validated, objective measure to verify the claims of successful change."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287225339_Gold-star_pedophiles_in_general_sex_therapy_practice Cantor, James. (2014). "Gold-star" pedophiles in general sex therapy practice.]

"The (im)mutability of pedophilia is a key aspect of helping non-offending pedophiles manage their sexual arousal and to refrain from offending. The accrual of empirical data exploring this issue is central to understanding and providing treatment to non-offending pedophiles: If pedophilia is immutable, then treatments for these individuals need basically to focus on coping with and managing pedophilic interests while leading a meaningful and fulfilling life and not on changing the person’s basic orientation. Whereas some authors have claimed that pedophilic interests may remit [11, 12], reanalysis of these data and methodological and statistical issues identified by other authors suggest that no such changes in orientation actually occurred [13–16]. <...> Professionals helped some of these men accept their pedophilic interests by separating their sexual attraction from their sexual behavior and by managing their sense of selves (e.g., distancing themselves from stories of “child rapists” [25•, p. 8]). Engaging with other pedophilic individuals helped these men see that others with their interests were able to avoid offending, which brought a sense of hope. Having other social supports that knew about their interests helped because their supports could help them maintain boundaries with children, challenge potentially distorted thinking, and provide them with feedback regarding their behavior with children."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z Cantor, J. M., & McPhail, I. V. (2016). Non-offending Pedophiles. Current Sexual Health Reports, 8(3), 121–128. doi:10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z]

"The preferred model of treatment is LGBT affirmative psychotherapy, which treats sexual feelings as innate, unchangeable and subject to personal acceptance. The American Psychological Association provides guidelines on its website (see below). Applied to the minor-attracted person, affirmative therapy separates sexual orientation from its expression, emphasizing acceptance and personal growth. This in no way endorses sexual contact between adults and minors."

[https://www.b4uact.org/for-therapists/psychotherapy-for-the-map/ B4U-ACT guide Psychotherapy for Minor-Attracted Persons]

"The primary aims of these approaches can be summarized as follows:
1. To accept MAPs’ sexual orientation as stable and unlikely to change;
2. To help MAP patients learn to live with their sexual feelings in a healthy way, most importantly without engaging in behavior that is illegal and/or harmful to children;
3. To help patients develop self-acceptance via a positive but realistic self-concept, without resorting to cognitions that rationalize and normalize adult–child sexual activity in a maladaptive strategy to protect self-esteem; and
4. To help patients learn to cope adaptively with the intense societal stigma against MAPs."
[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330635952_Correlates_of_Chronic_Suicidal_Ideation_Among_Community-Based_Minor-Attracted_Persons Cohen, Lisa & Wilman-Depena, Sherilyn & Barzilay, Shira & Hawes, Mariah & Yaseen, Zimri & Galynker, Igor. (2019). Correlates of Chronic Suicidal Ideation Among Community-Based Minor-Attracted Persons. Sexual Abuse. 32. 107906321982586. 10.1177/1079063219825868.]

"On the contrary, an emergent body of work with community-based MAPs discusses the successful use of masturbatory fantasies as a coping mechanism, with this acting as a healthy sexual outlet that causes no direct harm to minors (e.g., Bailey, Bernhard, & Hsu, Citation2016; Dymond & Duff, Citation2020; Harper & Lievesley, Citation2022; Houtepen et al., Citation2016). Indeed, the achievement of sexual satisfaction is seen by some theorists as a primary human good, with its attainment being associated with a reduction in the likelihood that somebody will go on to commit a sexual offense (Ward & Marshall, Citation2004). As such there may be ethical and practical discussions to be had between MAPs and treatment providers in relation to the most effective ways to help service users to accept their sexual attractions as a pattern of arousal that is potentially unchangeable over time, and to work with them to develop effective ways of reducing sexual frustration and achieving sexual satisfaction in ways that do not create victims of child sexual exploitation and abuse."

[https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0092623X.2022.2149437#abstract Lievesley, R., Harper, C. A., Swaby, H., & Woodward, E. (2022). Identifying and working with appropriate treatment targets with people who are sexually attracted to children. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 49(5), 497–516. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2022.2149437]

=== "Maps don’t want to seek help" ===

'''TL;DR: Most maps would be interested in accessing therapy, yet there are barriers in place.'''

"A nonrandom, purposive sample of MAPs ( n = 293, 154 completed all questions) was recruited via an online survey. Results show that 75% of participants did seek formal help from a professional; however, just less than half of them found the experience to be helpful."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327474958_Preventing_Sexual_Abuse_Perspectives_of_Minor-Attracted_Persons_About_Seeking_Help Levenson, Jill & Grady, Melissa. (2018). Preventing Sexual Abuse: Perspectives of Minor-Attracted Persons About Seeking Help. Sexual abuse : a journal of research and treatment. 31. 1079063218797713. 10.1177/1079063218797713.]

"Over half had wanted to see a mental health professional at some time but did not do so due to fear that a professional would react negatively, report them to others, or lack necessary knowledge."

[https://www.b4uact.org/research/survey-results/spring-2011-survey/ B4U-ACT survey results]

24% clinicians would report a map client to law enforcement in absence of any indication of offense, 11.7% would report in absence of indication of offense and in absence of interactions with children.

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349992064_Mandatory_Reporting_and_Clinician_Decision-Making_when_a_Client_Discloses_Sexual_Interest_in_Children Stephens, Skye & McPhail, Ian & Heasman, Ainslie & Moss, Sarah. (2021). Mandatory Reporting and Clinician Decision-Making When a Client Discloses Sexual Interest in Children. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement. 53. 10.1037/cbs0000247.]

== Map demographics and society ==
=== "All maps are men" ===

'''TL;DR: While mapness is mostly known to the public through male maps, a statistically significant number of maps is women and nonbinary people.'''

"In a self-selected sample recruited online and through radio and newspaper advertisement (n = 1516; 52.7 % female), 1.8 % of the male and 0.8 % of the female respondents to an online, revised version of the Wilson Sex Fantasy Questionnaire reported ever having fantasies involving sex with a child under the age of 12 years [3]."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z Cantor, J. M., & McPhail, I. V. (2016). Non-offending Pedophiles. Current Sexual Health Reports, 8(3), 121–128. doi:10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z ]

"The current body of the literature studying minor-attracted persons (MAPs) predominantly focuses on the experiences of men who experience sexual attractions to children. To shed more light on the experiences of women within this population, we conducted anonymous semi-structured interviews with six self-identified female MAPs, who were recruited through online support forums for individuals with sexual attractions to children. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to analyze the interview transcripts. Two superordinate themes were identified from the dataset that highlighted the uniqueness of the experience of being a woman within the MAP community (“A minority within a minority”) and themes of social isolation and the effects of this on identity (“A lonely secret existence”). The findings reported here highlight how the experiences of female MAPs both converge with and diverge from their male counterparts in important ways. We discuss the implications of these experiences in relation to more effective service provision for women who are sexually attracted to children."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8888496/ Lievesley, R., & Lapworth, R. (2022). "We Do Exist": The Experiences of Women Living with a Sexual Interest in Minors. Archives of sexual behavior, 51(2), 879–896. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-021-02160-z]

"Regarding women, little research is available about the prevalence of sexual interest in children. Early studies asking women about their sexual interest in children revealed prevalence rates ranging from 1 to 4%. <...> Among the total sample, the proportion of women who reported having sexual fantasies involving prepubescent children (n = 98 [7%], general websites: n = 92 [6.8%], SIC websites: n = 6 [11.1%]) was slightly smaller than the proportion of women who reported having sexual fantasies involving pubescent children (n = 136 [9.6%], general websites: n = 129 [9.5%], SIC websites: n = 7 [13.0%]). As the overlapping group among these 2 variables only included 54 women who reported on having sexual fantasies involving both prepubescent and pubescent children, the proportion of women among the total sample who indicated having sexual fantasies involving any children (ie, girls or boys at Tanner stage 1 or 2) reached 12.7% (n = 180, general websites: n = 173 [12.7%], SIC websites: n = 7 [13.0%]; Table 2)."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339794031_Sexual_Interest_in_Children_Among_Women_in_Two_Nonclinical_and_Nonrepresentative_Online_Samples Tozdan, Safiye & Dekker, Arne & Neutze, Janina & Santtila, Pekka & Briken, Peer. (2020). Sexual Interest in Children Among Women in Two Nonclinical and Nonrepresentative Online Samples. Sexual Medicine. 8. 10.1016/j.esxm.2020.01.007.]

According to polls, conducted regularly over the span of 6 years on the map communities of Tumblr, Twitter, and fediverse, around one in three maps in these spaces is nonbinary.

[https://wierstamann.net/2023/03/20/maps-lgbt-and-strategic-erasure/ Maps, LGBT, and strategic erasure]

[https://wierstamann.net/2024/08/09/map-community-demographics-2024/ Map community demographics 2024]

=== "Minors can’t be maps" ===

'''TL;DR: Most maps realize they are attracted to significantly younger teenagers and children in teenagehood, and these attractions persist throughout life.'''

"On average, participants recalled that they first realized their attraction to children ages 14 and younger at age 14.24 years (SD 5.36). They began to suspect that this attraction was unusual, compared with peers, at age 16.11 (SD 5.24). They knew their attraction was unusual at age 18.12 (SD 5.89). Only 2.5% met these milestones later than 29.73, 30, and 35 years, respectively. These ages did not differ significantly across the different age preference groups. <...> Because the average age of participants was 33.66, this implies that their attraction to children has persisted for an average of 19.42 (i.e., 33.66 – 14.24) years, representing more than half their lives, and their entire adulthoods."

[https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000212 Bailey, J. M., Hsu, K. J., & Bernhard, P. A. (2016). An Internet study of men sexually attracted to children: Sexual attraction patterns. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(7), 976–988. doi:10.1037/abn0000212]

Most common age of first realization is 14.

[https://www.b4uact.org/research/survey-results/youth-suicidality-and-seeking-care/ B4U-ACT survey results]

"The study reveals that minor-attracted people become aware of their sexuality at an early age, experience stress caused by real or perceived societal rejection, and encounter both positive and negative reactions upon disclosing their identities. The conclusion underscores the need for a new approach to dealing with minor-attraction in contemporary Western society. I offer eight recommendations for instituting a strategy which incorporates empathy, education, and anti-discrimination measures."

[https://summit.sfu.ca/item/13798 Freimond, C.M. (2013). Navigating the Stigma of Pedophilia: The Experiences of Nine Minor-Attracted Men in Canada.]

The most common age to realize you're a map (attracted to much younger youth) is 13-15, realization in adulthood is rare.

[https://enderphile.wordpress.com/2018/09/11/growing-up-a-pedophile/ Growing Up A Pedophile]

=== "Maps have brain matter anomalies and impulse control issues" ===

'''TL;DR: This stereotype, emerging from early research conducted solely on sex offenders, has been debunked when non-offending maps were studied.'''

"Neurobehavioral models of pedophilia and child sexual offending suggest a pattern of temporal and in particular prefrontal disturbances leading to inappropriate behavioral control and subsequently an increased propensity to sexually offend against children. However, clear empirical evidence for such mechanisms is still missing. Using a go/nogo paradigm in combination with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) we compared behavioral performance and neural response patterns among three groups of men matched for age and IQ: pedophiles with (N = 40) and without (N = 37) a history of hands-on sexual offences against children as well as healthy non-offending controls (N = 40). As compared to offending pedophiles, non-offending pedophiles exhibited superior inhibitory control as reflected by significantly lower rate of commission errors. Group-by-condition interaction analysis also revealed inhibition-related activation in the left posterior cingulate and the left superior frontal cortex that distinguished between offending and non-offending pedophiles, while no significant differences were found between pedophiles and healthy controls. Both areas showing distinct activation pattern among pedophiles play a critical role in linking neural networks that relate to effective cognitive functioning. Data therefore suggest that heightened inhibition-related recruitment of these areas as well as decreased amount of commission errors is related to better inhibitory control in pedophiles who successfully avoid committing hands-on sexual offences against children. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1092–1104, 2017."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27767244/ Kärgel, C., Massau, C., Weiß, S., Walter, M., Borchardt, V., Krueger, T. H., Tenbergen, G., Kneer, J., Wittfoth, M., Pohl, A., Gerwinn, H., Ponseti, J., Amelung, T., Beier, K. M., Mohnke, S., Walter, H., & Schiffer, B. (2017). Evidence for superior neurobiological and behavioral inhibitory control abilities in non-offending as compared to offending pedophiles. Human brain mapping, 38(2), 1092–1104. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.23443]

"Our results are the first to demonstrate that executive dysfunctions are related to offense status rather than pedophilic preference."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28511726/ Massau, C., Tenbergen, G., Kärgel, C., Weiß, S., Gerwinn, H., Pohl, A., Amelung, T., Mohnke, S., Kneer, J., Wittfoth, M., Ristow, I., Schiltz, K., Beier, K. M., Ponseti, J., Walter, M., Kruger, T. H. C., Walter, H., & Schiffer, B. (2017). Executive Functioning in Pedophilia and Child Sexual Offending. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 23(6), 460–470. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617717000315]

"Consistent with the conceptualization of the DSM-5, which specifies CSO as most the prominent criterion that differentiates pedophilia from pedophilic disorder, there were no significant differences between the GM volumes of the non-offending pedophiles and the teleiophilic controls. In contrast, the pedophiles who had engaged in CSO showed a significantly reduced relative GM volume in the right TP compared with pedophiles who did not. This difference was not attributable to age, level of education, IQ, sexual orientation, drug misuse/dependence, other Axis I or II disorders or general criminality."

[https://www.nature.com/articles/tp201796 Schiffer, B., Amelung, T., Pohl, A. et al. Gray matter anomalies in pedophiles with and without a history of child sexual offending. Transl Psychiatry 7, e1129 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/tp.2017.96 ]

"In line with our expectations, pedohebephilic men in our sample were considerably more likely to be introverted and less emotionally stable compared to nonpedohebephilic controls but not more or less likely to be impulsive, agreeable, or open.<...> Among all personality domains, introversion and neuroticism are also the ones that are most likely to be affected by stigma.<...> In the general population, there still exists an image of pedophilic men as highly unstable, impulsive, unpleasant, and antisocial (McCartan, 2010). This image is linked to stigmatizing assumptions like the idea that pedophilic men are monsters unable and unwilling to control their sexual urges (Houtepen, Sijtsema, & Bogaerts, 2016; Jahnke, 2018). Therefore, it is of high importance to rigorously test such expectations, and, if disproven, correct them."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1080/19317611.2019.1609641 Jahnke, S., Schmitt, S., Geradt, M., & Hoyer, J. (2019). Big Five Personality Factors Among Men With a Sexual Interest in Children. International Journal of Sexual Health, 1–6. doi:10.1080/19317611.2019.1609641]

=== "Maps can't be queer" ===
'''TL;DR: While maps can be heterosexual or cisgender, many still share some kind of a queer identity, and maps are more likely to be queer than the general population.'''

"Participants showed a range of uses of queer-spectrum identity labels during interviews. While many, especially those attracted to the same or multiple genders, used "queer," "gay," "lesbian," or "bisexual" to describe themselves, and the majority of participants referred to their attractions as a sexual orientation, some individuals who used these terms felt guilt over doing so because of a belief that associating minor-attracted individuals with other queer groups would be harmful to those other queer communities."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1080/00918369.2019.1613856 Walker, A. (2019). “I’m Not like That, So Am I Gay?” The Use of Queer-Spectrum Identity Labels Among Minor-Attracted People. Journal of Homosexuality, 1–24. doi:10.1080/00918369.2019.1613856]

"An estimated 2 to 4% of teleiophilic men prefer men (Hall & Hall, 2007). Conversely, an estimated 9 to 40% of men with pedohebephilia have a preferential attraction to boys (Hall & Hall, 2007). <...> A quarter of the participants were exclusively boy-attracted (26.8%, n=82/306), half were boy-and-girl-attracted (48.4%; n = 148/306), and another quarter were exclusively girl-attracted (24.8%, n=76/306)."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9 Martijn, F. M., Babchishin, K. M., Pullman, L. E., & Seto, M. C. (2020). Sexual Attraction and Falling in Love in Persons with Pedohebephilia. Archives of Sexual Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9]

[[Category:Additional materials]]
[[Category:English]]

Nepiophilia

2025-01-24T00:32:52Z

Lecter:

[[File:Nepio flag.png|thumb|right|The nepiophile flag]]
'''Nepiophilia''' is an attraction to children under five years of age. Sometimes it is defined only as an attraction to toddlers (ages 1-4), with [[infantophilia]] being a separate term for an attraction towards even younger ages, sometimes it is used as an umbrella term that includes infantophilia as a subcategory. Sometimes these terms are seen as synonymous.

== History of the term ==
The term consists of the Greek "νήπιος" (népios) meaning "infant" or "child," which derives from "ne" and "epos" meaning "not speaking." This is worth clarifying, as it is no less common for the variation of the origin of the term from an another Greek root "νέπους" or "νέποδες" meaning "children," or Latin "nepos," "nepotis" meaning "nephew" or "grandson," which does not explain the letter i in "nepio." And φιλία (philía) in turn means "love."
== Symbols ==
The nepiophile flag (pictured above) was designed by Pappy in March 2022. They also made a nepio caterpillar in 2020, taking inspiration from the [[childlove]] butterfly.
<gallery>
File:Nepio caterpillar.png|The nepio caterpillar
</gallery>

== Misconceptions ==
Empirical studies show that in the vast majority of cases nepiophilia does not overlap with [[Pedophilia|pedophilia]] and that among pedophiles the attraction to children of the nepiophile age group occurs in less than 10% of cases<ref>Bernard, Frits. (1985). [https://www.ipce.info/booksreborn/bernard/factual.htm#IV ''Paedophilia: A factual report'']. Enclave.</ref>, so the identification of nepiophilia and pedophilia or calling the former a sub-type of the latter is fundamentally wrong. In fact, nepiophilia is much less common than [[Hebephilia|hebephilia]] and [[Ephebophilia|ephebophilia]], making it the least common of the minor attractions. Due to that non-prevalence, there is much less publicly available information on it than on any other chronophilia. Although according to Howells (1981)<ref>Howells, Kevin. (1981). Considerations Relevant to Theories of Etiology. In Mark Cook and Kevin Howells (Eds.), ''Adult Sexual Interest in Children''. London: Academic Press.</ref>, Bernard (1982)<ref>Bernard, Frits. (1982). Pädophilie und Altersgrenzen ("Paedophilia and Different Ages of Childhood"). In ''Kinderschänder?—Pädophilie: Von der Liebe mit Kindern'' (''Child Molesters?—Paedophilia: On Childlove''), 81-109. Berlin: Foerster Verlag.</ref>, McConaghy (1993)<ref>McConaghy, Nathaniel. (1993). ''Sexual Behaviour: Problems and Management'', 312. New York: Plenum. Retrieved from [https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=BC4ECC209362DAFE5DD2DEF827628A15 Library Genesis].</ref>, and Lautmann (1994)<ref>Lautmann, Rüdiger. (1994). Unterschiede zwischen Knaben- und Mädchenliebe ("Differences Between Boy- and Girl-Love"). In ''Die Lust am Kind. Portrait des Pädophilen'' (''Erotic Affection for Minors: Portrait of Paedophilia''), 36-40. Hamburg: Ingrid Klein Verlag. Retrieved from the [https://archive.org/details/dielustamkindpor0000laut Internet Archive].</ref>, male-oriented pedophilia more prevalently blends in with ephebophilia, while female-oriented pedophilia more prevalently blends in with nepiophilia.

== References ==
[[Category:Original pages]]
[[Category:English]]

Infantophilia

2025-01-24T00:32:48Z

Lecter: Created page with "The infantophile flag '''Infantophilia''' is an attraction to babies (children under one year old). It may be regarded as a subcategory of nepiophilia or as a synonym for it<ref>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/infantophilia Infantophilia], Wiktionary.</ref>. However, it is also used as independent label by members of the map community. == History of the label == The term is derived from Latin '''īnfāns''' ("speechless", "newborn")..."

[[File:Infanto.png|thumb|right|The infantophile flag]]
'''Infantophilia''' is an attraction to babies (children under one year old). It may be regarded as a subcategory of [[nepiophilia]] or as a synonym for it<ref>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/infantophilia Infantophilia], Wiktionary.</ref>. However, it is also used as independent label by members of the map community.

== History of the label ==
The term is derived from Latin '''īnfāns''' ("speechless", "newborn") and Greek '''φιλία''' ("love"). That makes this term's literal meaning identical [[Nepiophilia#History_of_the_term | to the one of nepiophilia]].

According to most researchers, the word "infantophilia" in its modern interpretation was first mentioned in ''Infantophilia—A New Subcategory of Pedophilia?: A Preliminary Study'' by David Greenberg<ref>Greenberg, David M.; Bradford, John; Curry, Susan. (1995). [https://jaapl.org/content/jaapl/23/1/63.full.pdf Infantophilia—A New Subcategory of Pedophilia?: A Preliminary Study]. ''Bull Am Acad Psychiatry Law'', Vol. 23, No. 1.</ref>, described there as "a sexual orientation for children less than five years old." This was later elaborated upon in ''A Profile of Pedophilia: Definition, Characteristics of Offenders, Recidivism, Treatment Outcomes, and Forensic Issues''<ref>Hall, Ryan C. W. and Hall, Richard C. W. (2007). [https://archive.org/details/sim_mayo-clinic-proceedings_2007-04_82_4/page/457 A Profile of Pedophilia: Definition, Characteristics of Offenders, Recidivism, Treatment Outcomes, and Forensic Issues]. ''Mayo Clinic Proceedings'', Vol. 82, No. 4.</ref>. Previously it was interpreted along with the term nepiophilia by John Money as: "If the eligible partner is an infant, 'infantophilia' is the diagnostic term. If it is essential that the infant be wearing diapers, however, the Greek-derived term for the diapered infant, 'nepiophilia,' applies"<ref>Money, John. (1990). Pedophilia, New Phylism Theory, and Paraphilic Lovemaps. In Jay Feierman (Ed.), ''Pedophilia, Biosocial Dimensions'', 451. Springer. Retrieved from [https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=3CA15750CD7EC06C3052B55B5E16C76D Library Genesis].</ref>. However, this interpretation was later rejected because of the vagueness of the origin of such a peculiar and unconfirmed definition. Greenberg, on the other hand, is an exceptionally reliable source, as he studied actual maps rather than relying on theoretical assumptions.

== Usage of the term by maps ==
Unlike researchers, some maps see infantophilia as distinct from nepiophilia and applying solely to attraction towards babies. This shift in meaning may have been influenced by the word "infant" referring predominantly to a child under one year old<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infant Infant], Wikipedia.</ref>.

== References ==

[[Category:Original pages]]
[[Category:English]]

File:Infanto.png

2025-01-23T20:19:10Z

Lecter:

Queer maps

2025-01-23T19:52:28Z

Lecter:

'''Queer''' is a historically formed label for non normative gender attractions/presentation/identity, as well as absence of normative ones. In contemporary times it also includes several adjacent identities, such as polyamory.

A significant number of maps also share such identities.

== Statistics ==
The exact demographic portrait of the online map community is hard to draw. An article by Dr Allyn Walker ''“I’m Not like That, So Am I Gay?” The Use of Queer-Spectrum Identity Labels Among Minor-Attracted People''<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333361120_I'm_Not_like_That_So_Am_I_Gay_The_Use_of_Queer-Spectrum_Identity_Labels_Among_Minor-Attracted_People Walker, Allyn. (2019). “I’m Not like That, So Am I Gay?” The Use of Queer-Spectrum Identity Labels Among Minor-Attracted People]. Journal of Homosexuality. 67. 1-24. 10.1080/00918369.2019.1613856.</ref> gives, perhaps, one of the most profound academic insights into map queerness. Dr Walker interviewed map volunteers and reported that most were attracted to same gender or multiple genders and described themselves as “gay”, “homosexual”, “lesbian”, “gray asexual”, “queer”. 

According to a professional-led poll, 75% maps experience non-normative gender preferences<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329544224_Experiences_of_sexual_and_romantic_attraction_to_children_andor_adults_in_persons_with_pedohebephilia_2018 Martijn, Frederica. (2018). Experiences of sexual and romantic attraction to children and/or adults in persons with pedohebephilia (2018)].</ref>. Community-led polls return with higher numbers - 89.2% (2018), 87.5% (2020), 88.4% (2022), and 87.2% (2024) with the percentage of non-cisgender maps being 58.5%, 50.9%, 65.2% and 56.1% accordingly<ref>[https://wierstamann.net/2023/03/20/maps-lgbt-and-strategic-erasure/ Maps, LGBT, and strategic erasure], Wierstamann.</ref><ref>[https://wierstamann.net/2024/08/09/map-community-demographics-2024/ Map community demographics 2024
], Wierstamann.</ref>.
== History ==
Queerness and mapness as identities have many common roots. Terms such as [[pedophilia]] and [[ephebophilia]] appeared in psychiatric literature due to studies of male homosexuality. It is possible to say that map activism started with NAMBLA (North American Man/Boy Love Association), a pro contact movement that united queer maps. One of the oldest map symbols, the [[boylove logo]], was designed by two queer men who took inspiration from the gay liberation pink triangle. David Thorstad, a former president of New York's Gay Activists Alliance and a founding member of NAMBLA, states that "The issue of man/boy love has intersected the gay movement since the late nineteenth century, with the rise of the first gay rights movement in Germany."<ref>[https://www.brongersma.info/Man/boy_love_and_the_American_gay_movement Man/boy love and the American gay movement], Brongersma.</ref>
== Maps and contemporary LGBTQ ==
As LGBTQ gained more mainstream acceptance, its peer/adult attracted members turned away from maps. Association with a more stigmatized group became a risk factor, and PAA queer people (frequent victims of misdirected [[mapmisia]]) started vocally denouncing maps, in hopes to raise their own social status.

Nowadays queer identities of maps are frequently erased. Non-map queer people employ the following logistics to justify this erasure:
*Maps are not actually attracted to children, pedophilia is an act of child sexual abuse, not a sexual/romantic preference, therefore maps cannot have queer attractions;
*Maps cannot be asexual, because romantic attraction to children doesn’t exist; maps cannot be aromantic, because aromanticism is "the norm";
*Maps who claim to be trans are actually cis people that lie about their identity to get away with bad behavior.

Multiple cases of doxxing, outing, and abuse of maps, especially teenage maps, were connected to queer friend groups. PAA queer people also occasionally falsely accuse each other of being maps, this is one of frequent themes of [[shipping discourse]].

=== Mapmisia and queermisia in the society ===
Since the very beginning of the 20s USA conservatives have increased their efforts at falsely branding queer people as groomers<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBT_grooming_conspiracy_theory LGBT grooming conspiracy theory], Wikipedia.</ref>. Trans people in particular are being accused of manipulating children into identifying as trans.

=== Aromantic and asexual maps ===
As was already mentioned above, aromantic and asexual maps face unique kinds of erasure. Lack of romantic attractions is presumed in a map by the general society, meanwhile very few people believe a map can be asexual. A minority of maps identify as both asexual and aromantic. This combination of labels confuses some, but it is possible for a person to consider oneself a map because of [[Fictomap|attraction to fictional children]] or some other preference that is neither sexual nor romantic, yet feels worthy of being included into one's orientation.

=== The Heartprogress hoax ===
Heartprogress<ref>[https://www.newgon.net/wiki/%22Pedophile_Activism%22_hoaxes "Pedophile Activism" hoaxes], NewgonWiki.</ref> was a troll project, launched by 4Chan in 2016. It consisted of promoting two identities, "pedosexual" and "clovergender", as new additions to LGBTQ. The purpose of the project was to discredit and harm LGBTQ, but maps suffered from the increase of harassment and accusations as well.

=== Queermisiac maps ===
Some maps, even fitting the technical defintion of queerness, oppose the idea of map/queer solidarity or parallels between these identities due to their own internalized queermisia. This especially concerns older groups and sites, such as BoyChat (pictured below in screenshots) and [[Newgon#Transphobia | Newgon]].
<gallery>
File:BoyChat homophobia.png
File:BoyChat homophobia 2.png
File:BoyChat homophobia 3.png
</gallery>

== References ==
[[Category:Original pages]]
[[Category:English]]

Psychopathia sexualis by Dr. Friedrich S. Krauss (English text)

2025-01-23T01:36:46Z

Lecter:

This is a translation of [[Psychopathia sexualis by Dr. Friedrich S. Krauss (German text) | Psychopathia sexualis by Dr. Friedrich S. Krauss]], which contains the first known mention of the word "paraphilia" that he coined. The original article was published in Wiener Klinische Rundschau, Volume 17, on August 2, 1903. The translation was made by Death.

= Psychopathia sexualis. =

=== A report by Dr. Friedrich S Krauss. ===

We humans differ from other creatures by a tendency towards mysticism, very much to our detriment. Our science is still badly stuck in belief. Or rather, where the inner connection between cause and effect is not clear to us, we like to create a belief, pass it off as knowledge and science and sometimes identify ourselves with it so strongly that we regard anyone who doesn’t take our faith at face value as insulting our greatness, as a blasphemer and an unscientific man.

The followers of Krafft-Ebings and the confused Cesare Lombroso could easily be inclined to slander someone like Iwan Bloch, for example. He’s one of those people who don’t believe in authority and for whom an oath isn’t evidence. He is content merely to research the phenomenal world in all directions in order to collect as much factual material as possible and to arrange it in such a way that things explain one another of their own accord. He is one of those who are convinced that we cannot know more than nature teaches us and that understanding nature is already a big deal. According to this method, which is that of the ethnologists and folklorists, he had to become a revolutionary. He does away with Köhler-esque beliefs and does not create new ones in their place. In this way he brought about a work(1) that gives enormous advances to ethnology and is well suited to being of immense use to doctors as well, as it broadens their perspective for the consideration of general human instincts and inclinations to the highest degree. Bloch is one of those doctors who can be mentioned in the same breath as Max Bartels and Max Höfler. They don't just focus on the sick or infected person, but on the person as a person, and they know that the essential thing is the light, not the shadow. Once the fear of the innovator has been overcome, Dr. Bloch's work will be found in the library of every doctor and folklorist; for the subject which it treats is the most important in human existence, namely the sexual impulse.
The term "psychopathia sexualis" already contains a ready judgment in itself, and therefore isn’t suitable for scientific work. On the other hand, a phrase like “sexual intercourse that excludes procreation” would be correct. Von Krafft-Ebing soon called someone who did not set out to make children and satisfied his lust in uncommon ways of copulation perverse, just as Lombroso has the dishonorable name of a criminal ready for anyone who does not conduct his life impeccably according to Italian law. Translated into the trivial, this is the point of view of a certain Viennese “author”, a fortunately relatively unknown chatterbox. If a book seller stumbles into a notorious night café with his burden, the writers whose books he is selling are immoral fellows whom she, Mrs. X.Y.Z., would like to steer out of literature <ref>What or who is meant by the previous two sentences is unclear.</ref>. If one reads the gossip of this or similar women, one understands that so many men like to regard the woman only as a sex object, and finally one also understands the morbidly increased aversion of many sensitive men to any intercourse with women. This certainly not incidental element was overlooked by Dr. Bloch in his Aetiology.

The work is divided into two stylistically not entirely identical parts, the second of which is more carefully polished than the first. Even though the literary isn’t of much importance in purely scientific works, I must point this out here; for Bloch is also a master of the art of depiction similar to Hyrt and the reading of his writings, e.g. the work on the origin of syphilis(2), also gives one an aesthetic satisfaction.
In regard to etiology, the huge amount of material positively outgrew the author. Even if he was able to work on it scientifically, he did not stylistically conquer it in a completely satisfactory manner. In reality, each volume constitutes only one chapter, separated almost arbitrarily by asterisks into subsections, the ordering of which may not always be perfect. But in a work provided with such excellent registers, this is certainly not very important. Professor Eulenburg's beautiful introduction is just as honorable for the mentor as it is for the protégé, the book to which it is intended to serve as a recommendation; because it contains the admission of a researcher distinguished by his social position, "that (Dr. Bloch) approached the topic not from the one-sided or biased point of view of the physician or medical historian, but with the freer and broader view of the anthropologist and ethnologist, equipped with all of the tools related to this position".

The first volume deals with the antiquity and the ubiquity of sexual perversions and their dependence on culture, nervousness, and degeneration. It also gives a critique of the views on the etiology of sexual anomalies (heredity and acquisition) and a critique of the doctrine of innate sexual perversions. The main part of the volume is devoted to the etiology of sexual aberrations in healthy people and the special etiology of homosexuality, the second volume to the special etiology of sadistic and masochistic phenomena and the special etiology of complicated sexual perversities and perversions.

In a work dealing with the diversity of the strongest instincts of nature in the reflection of national thought, it is impossible to go into the details of the factual material given the wealth of information presented; because every reader of this specialist journal is in a position to increase and in particular to supplement the material both from the literature known to them and from their own experiences. It is more beneficial to summarize the author's points of view and research here in order to stimulate further work. Should Dr. Bloch's work get the recognition I think it deserves in medical circles and among folk researchers, it will certainly herald a new epoch in the special area it deals with.

Of principal importance is Bloch's remark: "On the whole it is correct to say that the sex drive, as a purely physical function, can constitute neither an object of comparison nor a distinguishing feature between primitive and civilized man." This is correct insofar as the ethnologist does not encounter truly primitive people in social groups anywhere in the world. All human tribes of ecumenism are already civilized in one direction and we may have to look for objects of comparison in the non-human animal world. Therefore, the word "culture" is troublesome in Bloch's subsequent explanation and the thought could be expressed differently and more clearly: "The nature of the sexual drive and its anomalies is independent of all culture and shows the same traits in primitive and civilized peoples; it is independent of the physical and mental damage associated with culture, of degeneration in the anthropological and pathological sense. Culture and degeneration can only be considered as facilitating, frequency-increasing influences." Bloch's statement is indisputable: "In addition, there are a large number of external factors which have nothing to do with culture, degeneration and degenerative heredity, but whose influences are of the greatest importance for the development of sexual anomalies in primitive and civilized peoples.

In general, Dr Bloch distinguishes between two groups of sexual perversions, the ones that are inborn or exist from infancy and those developed later in life. The latter, in turn, are divided into those sexual aberrations which are caused by diseases and those which occur in healthy people. In his work, Bloch presents only the etiological conditions of the latter group, i. e. the causes of the development of sexual perversions in otherwise healthy people. I have the same objection to the expression "sexual perversion" as to "psychopathia sexualis". Here, too, the word conceals a condemnation from the outset, which should not be put in front of scientific discussions at least, so as not to influence the conclusion. As a replacement for both terms I would like to suggest another, again a Greek one, paraphilia (παράφιλία), for which I know of no evidence from the old Greek usage, but which is formed similar to the word παράνοια (ignorance, foolishness, madness) and simply indicates a form deviating from ordinary love and not corresponding to the nature of correct love, the purpose of which must be the fertilization of the woman. The epithet would then be paraphiletic (παραφιλητος). In the following I want to make use of this new term, which has the additional advantage of saving us a word each time.
In the great majority of cases, says Bloch, medical examination yields no evidence whatsoever of the existence of a pathological basis for sexual abnormality. Individual minor symptoms or even mere "nervousness", which is so widespread today in all classes of the population, are certainly not enough to describe paraphiletic acts or conditions as "morbid". Rather, there is no doubt that all paraphilias can also occur in mentally and physically healthy people who must be considered to be of "sound mind" in every respect.

As with ecstasy, it stands in relation to clear reason, about which Thomas Achelis thankfully gives us explanations from the standpoint of ethnology as well(3). Paraphilia also shows itself to be a special kind of ecstasy in sexual relations, and the connection between the two phenomena, which indeed emanate from different schools of thought, is clearly demonstrable, which Bloch also hints at.

In his opinion, the explanation for the more frequent occurrence of homosexuality and other paraphilias of the vita sexualis in southern regions lies solely in the fact that in these regions, the earlier occurrence and the greater intensity of the libido has to lead to a more frequent need for increased stimulation in its gratification. As an ethnologist, I cannot necessarily agree with him on this point. Because of the warmer climate in southern countries, paraphilias more often take place in public and are more conspicuous, making it seem like they occur more frequently, while the northerner has less opportunities to satisfy his paraphiletic desires, bearing in mind that the heavily clad northerners also have a means of protection against the activities of paraphiletics, the protection that should not be underestimated. The sensual desire is equally present in all groups of people, only some make a virtue out of necessity and this virtue becomes habit, custom, and finally a tradition - but not everywhere. This is what the Buryat folk life teaches us. These people simply weren’t in the infinitely lucky position to have in their midst the peak of culture, i. e. to see scholarly scribes thrive, otherwise the same words that Bloch has for the Indians would apply to them, as follows: "A closer study of the Indian love life shows with evidence that refinement and fornication in sexual intercourse were systematically developed by the Indians and were described as a religious commandment, with no indication of any congenital or pathological conditions, so-called 'psychopathia sexualis' in the sense of Krafft-Ebing. Numerous, one of a kind textbooks on the art of love teach, on the grounds of necessity, all kinds of sexual aberrations, sadism in the form of scratching, biting and flagellating (including morsus genitalium!), use of stimulants to enlarge the penis, to widen or narrow the vagina" etc.

Eulenburg has thoroughly refuted the theory put forward by Lombroso and Ferrero that women are less sensitive. If you listen to R. Günther and Ed. Carpenter (whose twaddle we now also get to enjoy in German), the woman would even be almost sexually indifferent. Bloch, on the other hand, thinks that “it cannot be denied that in general, men have more powerful sexual drives than women. The sensual desire expresses itself earlier and more vigorously in the man, while the untouched nubile woman can much more easily resist the stirring dark urge for sexual union with the man.” No, she can't! The only thing that restrains her in our cultural society is the fear of the consequences of giving herself to men. Folklore irrefutably teaches us that it’s woman who seduces man. If I have proved anything with my book "Streifzüge im Bereiche der Frauenschönheit" (Leipzig 1903), then that it is, I believe, the greater intelligence and superiority of woman over man in sexual matters. O. Effertz's disquisition on venerie and eroticism, which Bloch quotes in his favour, does not stand up to scrutiny because wordplay is irrelevant to folkloric facts. Ten pages later, Bloch himself admits to this in a comment: "One should also not fail to recognize that there is often only an apparent sexual anesthesia, which is an interpretation based on woman’s typical reluctance to engage in coitus." Precisely this “reluctance” is not typical to women, but only the effect of social compulsion exerted on women within our culture, and even here one should not generalize without further ado.

Bloch expresses a fundamental thought (on page 69 f.), where he speaks on the topic of civilization: “A richer social structure, a more complicated spiritual life, a more specific formation of ethical views always also reflect on the sexual fantasy and can, in a certain sense, change it and lead it astray. There is no physical manifestation of the sexual impulse that could not possibly have sprung from a very vivid or misguided imagination alone.” This is true, but not only applicable to civilized people. We have plenty of other concerns and responsibilities in life than just satisfying the sex drive, while the imagination of uncultured people can focus more on the punctum puncti. If the pleasure of sex was the peak of human happiness, we would be at a great disadvantage thanks to our culture. Which we indeed are in terms of imagination, and that’s why we have a lesser degree of happiness, and a higher one of unhappiness.

Us cultured people with our imagination have remained on the same level as the poorest cultured groups of people only in one respect, namely where sex life is connected to religion. “Only in this way can we,” says Bloch, “explain the development of a gigantic literature on sexual casuistics in theology and its branch, pastoral medicine. These facts can not be understood by the bitter tirades of cultural historians, dictated by religious prejudices, but only by the explanations of doctors and anthropologists, who consider these things in the broader context and have recognized the relations between religion and sex life as universally human and not as artificial products of any particular school of thought."

In the second part, following the ethnology, Bloch defends the opinion that most sexual aberrations do not fall within the area of responsibility of the doctor; the core of the algolagnistic phenomena is the joy in someone else's or one's own pain, i.e. cruelty directed at others or at oneself. He finds it notable that weak, delicate people, especially women, often display cruel tendencies which one would not have expected of them. His explanation that cruelty springs temporarily from the idea of superiority, so that the fear inherent in weak individuals may thereby be overcome, is nice, but not sufficient. He forgot to point out that unfortunately our upbringing is mainly based on the cultivation and training of cruel tendencies and that we Europeans can claim the honor of being the most cruel of all groups of people on this planet, and that we are constantly being taught to find pride and superiority in this. No wonder then that weak, delicate people also want to enjoy their share of the supposed pleasure and strength. Our glorious, magnificently constructed social order is based on strengthening the strong and weakening the weak. If women were to organize themselves, a gynecocracy would arise on a grand scale, on a small scale it is called masochism. One must enslave the other; if man enslaves woman, we do not stumble; but when woman begins to feel herself, we cry out in sorrow; because otherwise the world wouldn’t stand for long.

The possibility of the entire spectrum of paraphilias being embodied in a single individual is considered by Bloch to be the best proof of the existence of the development of paraphilias, since it would be untenable to assume that all sexual abnormalities were "congenital" in the same person.

What’s innate is the disposition or the aptitude, but only opportunity creates a paraphiletic. One would hardly think it possible -- how much wickedness, if that expression is permissible -- has been innate in the human child. Pedology gives us plenty of information about this; its representatives (e.g. O. Chrishman, the American) go so far as to describe children as a special kind of human-animal species. It would hardly be wrong to portray children as the first originators of paraphilias, or at least adults can still learn from children. One must keep Bloch's core thesis in mind: "The monstrosity of the act is by no means a criterion for its psychopathic origin"; Furthermore: “The fact that sick people have paraphilias must not lead one to the conclusion that paraphilia always has to be related to sickness, especially when one remembers the undoubted fact that healthy people can become so accustomed to sexual aberrations that they appear like paraphilias without affecting the mental health of the person in the slightest."

At the end of his work, Bloch considers "the sexual need for variation peculiar to the genus homo, which is to be understood as a physiological phenomenon and the increase of which to a hunger for sexual stimulus can produce the most severe paraphilias" as the final, definite cause of all paraphilias. This law forms the basis of every philosophy of sexual life. It clearly shows that prostitution, as a mere product of this need for sexual variety and as a substitute for the promiscuity that originally arose from the latter, is ineradicable if one does not find another way of satisfying this need for variation, which eliminates the dangers of prostitution and could still grant satisfaction to these tendencies that break through again and again.

Here the term "prostitution" is to be taken in a very narrow or conventional sense. On the average, the marriage that is customary among us is also just a kind of prostitution of the woman or the man or both at the same time. The institution of marriage, with its ineradicable mendacity, sufficiently provides for the need for variation. Prostitution and marriage aren't opposed to each other, as prostitution is just a temporary marriage with short regrets, as opposed to permanent marriages with endless regrets. Of course there are also happy marriages, just as there are people who have supposedly won large sums of money in the lottery.

Bloch's work ends in an exhortation to moderation in matters of love. This comes off as moralizing which neither harms nor helps; it does not change anything about philia and paraphilia. Nor will the reader linger, but would rather go back to reread the work; for it offers so many valuable suggestions that it cannot be dealt with within the framework of one report. I empathetically wanted to draw the doctors' attention to an achievement whose study will open up broader perspectives for them, and I hope that in the not too distant future they will happily welcome collaboration with folklorists and ethnologists in order to advance science. The annual congress of natural scientists and physicians has already introduced its own section for ethnology, only the ethnologists do not register for lectures. It is not enough to declare the admission of ethnologists, as if ethnologists would vie for such an honor. They are not that ambitious and therefore keep their distance.

(1) Beiträge zur Aetiologie der Psychopathia sexualis. By Dr. med. Iwan Bloch, doctor for skin and sexual diseases in Berlin. With a preface by Prof. Dr. Albert Eulenburg in Berlin. First part, Dresden. H. R. Dohrn 1902. Second part, ibid. 1903.

(2) Der Ursprung der Syphilis. A medical and cultural-historical study by Dr. med. Iwan Bloch. First Part. Jena, Gustav Fischer 1901.

3) Die Ekstase by Prof. Dr. Thomas Achelis. I. B. the cultural problems of the present. Edited by Leo Berg, Berlin, Johannes Räde, 1902.

= References =
[[Category:Additional materials]]
[[Category:English]]

Category:Deutsch

2025-01-23T01:25:21Z

Lecter:

Diese Kategorie ist für Seiten in deutscher Sprache.

[[Category:Language selection tree]]

Atração juvenil

2025-01-23T01:12:29Z

Lecter:

'''Orientação juvenil''' é um padrão estável e persistente de atração a pessoas significativamente mais novas e não completamente desenvolvidas. “Não completamente desenvolvidas” refere-se a pessoas que se assemelhem a alguém que a maioria das pessoas identificaria como sendo uma criança ou jovem adolescente.

O equivalente anglófono de orientação juvenil, minor attraction (atração por menores), é usado há mais de duas décadas. Esse conceito inclui as subcategorias: [[nepiofilia]], [[pedofilia]], [[hebefilia]] e, às vezes, [[efebofilia]]. Sua maior função é distinguir pedofilia de outras formas de atração por jovens, servindo de termo guarda-chuva.

== Significado ==

Atração juvenil consiste na atração de um adulto por uma criança ou jovem adolescente, ou de uma criança ou adolescente por uma criança muito mais nova. Tipicamente, para ser considerado um MAP (sigla em inglês para “pessoa atraída por menores”, uma pessoa com atração juvenil), uma pessoa deve sentir atração por jovens mais novos que 15 anos de idade e pelo menos 5 anos mais novos que a pessoa. Essa atração pode ser romântica, sexual, ou terciária (diferentes tipos de sentimentos que transcendem emoções de amizade ou laços familiares).

== Categorias ==
Em relação à divisão interna, orientação juvenil pode ser classificada de várias formas.
=== Pela presença de outras atrações ===
* Exclusiva, uma atração por crianças e jovens adolescentes somente;
* Não exclusiva, uma atração por crianças e jovens adolescentes acompanhada por uma atração por adultos e/ou jovens da mesma idade.
=== Pela preferência de gênero ===
* Boylove (amor de garoto), uma atração que prioriza meninos;
* Girllove (amor de garota), uma atração que prioriza meninas;
* Enbylove (amor de garote), uma atração que prioriza crianças e jovens não bináries;
* Childlove (amor de criança), uma atração sem preferência de gênero.
=== Pela preferência de idade ===
* Nepiofilia, uma atração por bebês e crianças pequenas, tipicamente abaixo dos 5 anos;
* Pedofilia, uma atração por crianças pré-púberes, tipicamente entre 5 e 10 anos;
* Hebefilia, uma atração por pré-adolescentes e adolescentes púberes, tipicamente entre 11 e 14 anos;
* Efebofilia, uma atração por adolescentes pós-púberes, entre 15 e 19 anos (esta atração pode não ser inerentemente uma atração MAP, mas efebófilos podem se identificar como MAPs).
Nota: nepiofilia é às vezes subdividida em infantofilia, atração por bebês, e nepiofilia, atração por crianças pequenas.
=== Pelo tipo de atração ===
* Sexual;
* Romântica;
* No espectro queer de atrações não alosexuais ou aloromânticas.
== Atração juvenil como termo ==
=== História ===
==== Minor attraction ====
A primeira menção do termo em inglês é atribuída à jornalista Heather Elizabeth Peterson, que usou a construção “minor-attracted adults” (adultos atraídos por menores) no seu artigo Not An Oxymoron (Não é um Oxímoro), publicado em dezembro de 1998 na revista Greenbelt Interfaith News<ref>[http://www.helping-people.info/articles/oxymoron.htm Heather E.P., “Not an Oxymoron”], Greenbelt Interfaith News, Philia, dezembro 1998.</ref>. Heather E. Peterson lembra ter tocado no assunto no fórum pedófilo BoyChat, no dia 19 de outubro de 1998: “O que vocês acham do termo ‘adultos atraídos por menores’? Soa um pouco bobo para mim mas talvez seja porque odeio neologismos. Certamente é um termo que transmite o que quero dizer. É mais apropriado que ‘adulto atraído por crianças’ já que tem tanta disputa sobre o que constitui uma criança, e apesar de deixar adolescentes amantes de garotos de fora, sempre pode-se usar o termo ‘pessoa atraída por menores’ se quiserem incluí-los”<ref>[https://www.newgon.net/wiki/Text_of_Heather_Peterson:_Origins_of_%22Minor_Attracted_Adult%22 Texto de Heather Peterson: Origins of “Minor Attracted Adult”], NewgonWiki.</ref>.

No Twitter, o perfil oficial de B4U-ACT, uma organização de saúde mental para MAPs, declara que “Começamos a usar o termo MAP por volta de 2007. O falecido Michael Melsheimer, nosso cofundador, introduziu ‘minor-attracted person’ (pessoa atraída por menores) como uma alternativa para ‘minor-attracted adult’ (adulto atraído por menores) para refletir que a maioria dos MAPs descobre suas atrações antes de virarem adultos”<ref>[https://twitter.com/B4U_ACT/status/1178872015375290369 B4U_ACT no Twitter].</ref>. A primeira instância registrada do uso do termo “minor attracted person” por B4U-ACT data do dia 22 de junho de 2007<ref>[[https://www.b4uact.org/togetherchat-submits-report-to-bmhs/ “Togetherchat Submits Report To BMHS”], B4U-ACT.</ref>. Menções mais antigas do termo são extremamente difíceis de rastrear. Uma cópia arquivada de um comentário de BoyChat diz: “Aqui está um termo para todo mundo: MAP! - Jason 20-dezembro-2001 04:57:27, quinta-feira”<ref>[https://archive.ph/tmcaB BoyChat.org], arquivado no archive.today.</ref>. Acredita-se que é aqui que a sigla “MAP” apareceu pela primeira vez, e sua criação seria atribuída ao usuário GhostWriter, que faleceu em 2013<ref>[[https://www.boychat.org/messages/1523354.htm BoyChat.org].</ref>.
==== Uso de termos em português ====
Em português vemos uma tendência em usar traduções literais dos termos em inglês ou os próprios termos em inglês. Há também quem use “pedofilia” como termo guarda-chuva. Como vimos, pedofilia se refere especificamente à atração por crianças pré-púberes, e não é um termo apropriado para se referir à atração por qualquer jovem ou menor de idade.

Um termo muito usado é “atração por menores”, como exemplificado no blog MAPness de shocu, que tem ensaios em português desde 2020<ref>[https://mapness.home.blog/tag/atracao-por-menores/ “Atração por menores”], MAPness, shocu, 2020.</ref>. Quanto as pessoas, são referidas como “pessoas atraídas por menores”, como visto em reportagens sobre Allyn Walker (ume aliade que escreveu um livro sobre MAPs)<ref>[https://www.portalt5.com.br/noticias/single/nid/professor-causa-revolta-apos-dizer-que-atracao-sexual-por-crianca-nem-sempre-e-imoral/ “Professor causa revolta após dizer que atração sexual por criança nem sempre é imoral”], Portal T5, 2021.</ref><ref>[https://pleno.news/comportamento/professor-nega-imoralidade-em-atracao-sexual-por-criancas.html “Professor nega imoralidade em atração sexual por crianças”], Pleno.News, 2021.</ref>.
Nesse artigo fizemos a escolha de usar os termos “MAP”, “orientação juvenil” e “atração juvenil”, apesar destes últimos terem sido inventados por nós, até onde sabemos. MAP, literalmente pessoa atraída por menores, é um empréstimo do inglês. Julgamos que é válido fazer esse empréstimo por ser a palavra mais conhecida e disseminada que se refere à comunidade. “Atração juvenil” (e seu derivado “atração por jovens”) seria equivalente de minor attraction. Este termo foi escolhido por ser curto, fugir da ideia de legalismo (já que menor de idade se refere a uma classificação política, e a atração é por integrantes de categorias biológicas e sociais), e passar a ideia, apropriada, de uma orientação direcionada a jovens. Orientação juvenil também é usado quando se fala da orientação e não só da atração.
==== Derivados ====
Esses são os derivados de minor attraction que existem no uso popular:
===== MAA =====
“Minor-attracted adult”, ou “adulto atraído por menores”, raramente usado hoje em dia. Cuidado: a sigla em português, AAM, se confunde com a sigla em inglês para “adult-attracted minor”, ou “menor atraído por adultos”, sigla usada com relativa frequência.
===== MHAM =====
“Male homosexual attraction to minors" (atração masculina homossexual por menores) e "minor attracted homosexual" (homossexual atraído por menores), termos que estavam em uso no começo dos anos 2000<ref>[https://www.mhamic.org/index.htm MHAMic].</ref>. O aparecimento desses termos foi consequência de MAPs homens e MAPs que amam garotos serem dois dos grupos demográficos mais visíveis da comunidade.
===== NOMAP =====
“Non-offending MAP”, ou “MAP não delinquente”, uma pessoa com orientação juvenil que nunca cometeu um crime sexual contra menores.
===== SOMAP =====
“Semi-offending MAP” (MAP semidelinquente), um termo criado de má fé por uma pessoa confirmadamente anti-MAP<ref>Starfall System [star-fall-system]. (2018, 18 de jun.). “as much as I hate pedos, I have to tell you that pinkpetal-pedo isn't an actual map. its a troll account made by an anti to try and garner support from the map community.” [Comentário]. Tumblr. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://star-fall-system.tumblr.com/post/175021329787/.</ref> que tinha um blog MAP falso, pink petal map and zoophile positivity!<ref>Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://archive.ph/xG8Fx.</ref>. A insinuação do termo é que se trata de MAPs que fazem sexo com crianças que consintam<ref> accABANDONED. (2018, 1 de jul.). SOMAP. Em Urban Dictionary. https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=SOMAP.</ref>, mas não é usado por MAPs pró-contato de verdade.
===== MAPitude =====
“MAPitude” ou “ser MAP”, estado de ser um MAP. Esse termo difere de “orientação juvenil” pois muda o foco da atração em si para todo um espectro de aspectos sociais e psicológicos da identidade. “MAPness” em inglês.
===== MAPmisia =====
MAPmisia é preconceito e ódio contra MAPs. O termo foi cunhado por Kamui em 2019. MAPmisíacos também são chamados “antis” ou “anti-MAPs”.

Alguns outros derivados podem ser encontrados na página identidades MAP pouco comuns.

==== Críticas ====
===== Críticas de anti-MAPs =====
Muitos anti-MAPs acreditam que “MAP” é uma tentativa de mudar imagem, de fazer um rebranding da pedofilia como “fofa”, “inofensiva”, de suavizar a palavra e torná-la assim mais aceitável para um público que é contra pedófilos, apesar do fato de que isso não funcionaria e não tem funcionado. Quase todo anti-pedófilo com acesso a redes sociais sabe o que “MAP” significa, e aqueles que não sabem são rapidamente informados ao perguntar (ou desinformados, com definições enviesadas). Aqueles que aprendem sobre a existência do termo sem contexto adicional também não o aceitam automaticamente, já que também são contra atração juvenil por via de regra. Antis alegam que o objetivo dos MAPs é “normalizar” a pedofilia, apesar de muitos ativistas MAP e pedófilos proeminentes serem contra o conceito de normatividade compulsória e acreditarem que o ato de reconhecer que identidades não normativas merecem respeito igual, ao invés de tentar assimilar seus traços em conceitos sociais de “normal”, seja necessário para a liberação MAP<ref>Lecter. (2019, 9 de set.). Rebellion vs assimilation. MAP Science Archive. Acessado em 5 de junho de 2020, em https://web.archive.org/web/20200605234048/https://wierstamann.wordpress.com/2019/09/09/rebellion-vs-assimilation/.</ref>. Até MAPs assimilacionistas que acreditam que suas atrações são normais e que normal significa bom e abnormal ruim não acreditam que mudar o rótulo para MAP conduza ao seu objetivo de normalização. Na verdade muitos rejeitam o termo MAP por patologizar pedófilos demasiado e por passar a impressão de não ser normal, e preferem termos como “pedófilo”, “amante de crianças” (childlover) ou “amante de jovens” (youthlover).

Pesquisadores que não são MAPs como Allyn Walker defenderam que o termo “MAP” em vez de “pedófilo” favorece a desestigmatização. A B4U-ACT também afirmou isso<ref>B4U-ACT [@B4U_ACT]. (2020, 31 de mar.). “First of all, one of our foremost goals is to promote communication. Other labels ascribed to this population carry connotations that can be misleading, prejudicial, and even derogatory. Those are barriers to understanding.” [Tuíte]. Twitter. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://twitter.com/B4U_ACT/status/1245106699410833410.</ref>. Porém, quase todos os ativistas MAP descordam fortemente com essa proposta de assimilação, e apoiam a reivindicação e/ou abertamente reivindicam o termo “pedófilo” como parte de suas identidades. Eles acreditam que ter esse acrônimo separado, “MAP”, só é útil como termo guarda-chuva inclusivo para nepiófilos, pedófilos, hebéfilos e às vezes efebófilos, não como ferramenta política de assimilação.

Existe uma crença comum de que o rebranding MAP foi uma tentativa de “fazer pedófilos parte da comunidade LGBTQ+”. Entretanto, não foram ativistas MAP que proclamaram isso, e sim antis queermísicos do 4chan, para tentar sujar a imagem da comunidade LGBTQ+. Enquanto isso, muitos MAPs caem sob o espectro LGBTQ+ mesmo em sua conceptualização atual porque não são heterossexuais ou não são heterorromânticos, porque são transgênero ou de alguma forma não são cisgênero, porque são intersexo e/ou, às vezes (dependendo de como se identificam individualmente e do nível de inclusividade entre ativistas LGBTQ+<ref>[Forest Spirit 666 [@ForestSpirit666]. “Theres no legitimate reason polyamory isn't Queer. Polyamory goes against so many norms and ideas of” [Tuíte]. Twitter. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://twitter.com/ForestSpirit666/status/1206352243534024711.</ref>) porque são poliamorosos. No entanto, diversos MAPs que tecnicamente caem nesta definição de “LGBTQ+” a rejeitam, pois não gostam da sigla ou estéticas ou comunidade ou implicações assimilacionistas, e preferem se identificar como queer. Alguns MAPs queer também argumentam pelo princípio da inclusividade radical, incluindo não proibir MAPs monoamorosos, perissexo, alossexuais, alorromânticos, cisgênero e héteros de se identificar como LGBTQ+ ou queer, já que acreditam que o ser queer não deve ser estritamente definido nem se deve ‘filtrar’ quem é ou não é queer. Alguns poucos MAPs que são também LGBTQ+ (pela definição acima) argumentam que sua MAPitude também é LGBTQ+ e/ou que MAPitude deveria ser considerada LGBTQ+ por definição, e alguns outros MAPs defendem que sua MAPitude é também parte de sua identidade queer e/ou que ser MAP é inerentemente queer. Alguns ativistas MAP queer, como Lecter, têm expressado discordância com a ideia de que ser MAP ou ter outra parafilia seja inerentemente queer, querendo em vez disso que a prática geral seja que a consideração da própria MAPitude e outras parafilias como queer ocorra em um modelo opt-in ao invés de opt-out. Outros ativistas MAP queer, como chronic, acreditam que a prática deveria seguir um modelo opt-in se uma percentagem suficientemente pequena de MAPs quiser que MAPitude seja opt-out como inerentemente queer, e deveria ser opt-out se uma percentagem suficientemente grande de MAPs quiser que seja assim.

James Cantor, um pesquisador gay que não é MAP, tem tentado falar pelos pedófilos, argumentando que a aplicação consistente dos princípios pelos quais “damos” direitos a pessoas gays necessitaria inclusão total de pedofilia como parte de LGBTQ+<ref>Cantor, J. [@JamesCantorPhD]. (2018, 8 de dez.). “Speaking as a gay men, I believe we SHOULD include the P. To do otherwise is to betray the principles that give us our rights.” [Tuíte]. Twitter. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://twitter.com/jamescantorphd/status/1071499969910198274.</ref>. Suas falas foram criticadas tanto por MAPs LGBTQ+ quanto por numerosos anti-MAPs.
===== Críticas de MAPs =====
MAPs antiassimilacionistas têm criticado o acrônimo “MAP” por definir sua atração com foco nas perspetivas dos antis que veem tais atrações como dignas de estigmatização, opressão ou sofrimento, e não segundo traços intrínsecos das atrações em si (veja: o discurso sobre se efebofilia deveria ser incluída ou fazer parte inerente na MAPitude). MAPs não ocidentais também criticam o termo por ser centrado na cultura estadunidense<ref>Americentrism. (n.d.). Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americentrism.</ref> por conter o termo “menor”, um construto legal que não existe em todos os países e nem é igual em todos. MAPs do movimento de liberação da juventude (youth liberation) criticam o termo por conter “menor”, pois “menor de idade” é um construto opressivo que querem abolir. MAPs queer criticam o termo por lembrar same-sex attracted (atraíde pelo mesmo sexo), um termo que se originou com proponentes da terapia de conversão<ref>Conversion therapy. Wikipédia. (n.d.). Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversion_therapy.
</ref>. Youth-oriented (orientação juvenil) foi proposto como alternativa, mas não ganhou muito impulso e tem pouco uso. O termo adjacente, youthlover (amante de jovens), é comum em círculos pró-contato amatonormativos, mas foi cunhado anterior e separadamente.
== Desenvolvimento ==
A existência de orientação juvenil tem sido um tópico de especulação por certo tempo, e há várias teorias acerca de seu desenvolvimento. Algumas não têm fonte científica, outras têm credibilidade limitada. Nenhuma teoria tem aceitação sólida no presente.
=== Teoria da escolha ===
De acordo com essa teoria, orientação juvenil é escolhida voluntariamente. Ela é defendida por pessoas que querem atribuir um valor moral a sentimentos sexuais e românticos e não é fundamentada em nenhum dado científico<ref>[https://www.b4uact.org/know-the-facts/ Summary Of MAP Research, B4U-ACT].</ref>.
=== Teoria do abuso sexual infantil ===
Essa teoria faz uma conexão entre desenvolvimento de atração juvenil e ocorrência de trauma sexual na infância. O fato de que muitos MAPs são sobreviventes de abuso sexual infantil é usado como prova. Porém, MAPs compartilham essas altas taxas de abuso infantil com outras minorias marginalizadas, muitas vítimas de abuso sexual infantil não são MAPs, e muitos MAPs não sofreram abuso sexual na infância.
=== Teoria do trauma não sexual ===
Essa teoria vem do Dr. James Cantor, que estudou MAPs condenados após um crime sexual, e publicou um estudo chamado “Intelligence, Memory, and Handedness in Pedophilia” (Inteligência, Memória e Mão Dominante na Pedofilia) em 2004<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/8902731_Intelligence_Memory_and_Handedness_in_Pedophilia Cantor, James & Blanchard, Ray & Christensen, Bruce & Dickey, Robert & Klassen, Philip & Beckstead, Lee & Blak, Thomas & Kuban, Michael. Intelligence, Memory, and Handedness in Pedophilia], Neuropsychology, 18(1):3-14. DOI: 10.1037/0894-4105.18.1.3. 2004.</ref>, onde ele estabeleceu uma correlação entre MAPitude e traços como memória ruim e baixo desempenho em testes de inteligência. Ele desenvolveu sua teoria em estudos posteriores e correlacionou ser MAP com ser mais baixo, ter menos matéria cerebral, e histórico de trauma craniano na infância. Pesquisas posteriores desmentiram suas conclusões, obtendo resultados diferentes em pesquisas com MAPs sem histórico de infração legal<ref>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28511726/ Massau C, Tenbergen G, Kärgel C, Weiß S, Gerwinn H, Pohl A, Amelung T, Mohnke S, Kneer J, Wittfoth M, Ristow I, Schiltz K, Beier KM, Ponseti J, Walter M, Kruger THC, Walter H, Schiffer B. Executive Functioning in Pedophilia and Child Sexual Offending], Journal of International Neuropsychological Society, 23(6):460-470. DOI: 10.1017/S1355617717000315. PMID: 28511726. 2017.</ref><ref>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27767244/ Kärgel C, Massau C, Weiß S, Walter M, Borchardt V, Krueger TH, Tenbergen G, Kneer J, Wittfoth M, Pohl A, Gerwinn H, Ponseti J, Amelung T, Beier KM, Mohnke S, Walter H, Schiffer B. Evidence for superior neurobiological and behavioral inhibitory control abilities in non-offending as compared to offending pedophiles], Human Brain Mapping, 38(2):1092-1104. DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23443. PMID: 27767244; PMCID: PMC6866877. 2017.</ref>.
=== Teoria do impulso de acolhimento de crianças ===
De acordo com essa teoria, orientação juvenil se desenvolve como resultado de sinais de acolhimento de crianças mal aplicados que são interpretados como desejo sexual<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5778266/ Ponseti, J., Bruhn, D., Nolting, J., Gerwinn, H., Pohl, A., Stirn, A., Granert, O., Laufs, H., Deuschl, G., Wolff, S., Jansen, O., Siebner, H., Briken, P., Mohnke, S., Amelung, T., Kneer, J., Schiffer, B., Walter, H., & Kruger, T. Decoding Pedophilia: Increased Anterior Insula Response to Infant Animal Pictures], Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 11:645. 23 de janeiro de 2018.</ref>. Essa teoria, popular com certos MAPs que gostam de definir sua identidade como “atração por fofura”, tem diversas limitações – ela começa com presumir que um impulso deve ser ou de acolhimento ou sexual, ignorando sentimentos românticos. Além disso, ela apresenta atração juvenil como algo exclusivo de homens, pois seriam estes que não seriam capazes de interpretar impulsos de acolhimento.
=== Teoria genética ===
Um estudo de gêmeos encontrou mais instâncias de atração juvenil em gêmeos geneticamente idênticos do que em gêmeos geneticamente diversos<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235369954_Evidence_for_Heritability_of_Adult_Men's_Sexual_Interest_in_Youth_under_Age_16_from_a_Population-Based_Extended_Twin_Design Alanko, Katarina & Salo, Benny & Mokros, Andreas & Santtila, Pekka. Evidence for Heritability of Adult Men’s Sexual Interest in Youth under Age 16 from a Population-Based Extended Twin Design], The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 10(4). DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12067. Janeiro de 2013.</ref>. Esse é o primeiro e único estudo do tipo, e apesar dos resultados parecerem plausíveis, não podem ser usados como guia até que sejam repetidos.

O mais provável é que orientação juvenil se desenvolva por uma combinação de eventos, dos quais escolha não faz parte. MAPs tendem a se referir a suas atrações como algo que descobriram inesperadamente, tipicamente no começo da adolescência. Uma grande parte dos MAPs tem consciência de suas atrações por volta dos 13-15 anos de idade<ref>[https://enderphile.wordpress.com/2018/09/11/growing-up-a-pedophile/ Ender Wiggin, “Growing up a pedophile”], 11 de setembro de 2018.</ref>.
== Recepção social ==
MAPs são uma das demografias mais estigmatizadas. Especialistas comentam que “é razoável presumir que MAPs encontram muito mais estigma do que minorias sexuais atraídas por adultos ou pessoas da mesma idade”<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330635952_Correlates_of_Chronic_Suicidal_Ideation_Among_Community-Based_Minor-Attracted_Persons Cohen, Lisa & Wilman-Depena, Sherilyn & Barzilay, Shira & Hawes, Mariah & Yaseen, Zimri & Galynker, Igor. Correlates of Chronic Suicidal Ideation Among Community-Based Minor-Attracted Persons], Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 32(6): 107906321982586. DOI: 10.1177/1079063219825868. Janeiro de 2019.</ref>. Violência contra MAPs é normalizada e vista como desejável, e MAPs ainda não têm grandes organizações pelos direitos humanos de seu lado, ao contrário da maioria das outras minorias. Pessoas que não são MAPs que defendem MAPs e ganham notoriedade costumam receber o mesmo estigma<ref>[https://www.change.org/p/stand-with-experts-against-misinformation Reinstate Professor Allyn Walker], Change.org.</ref>. A soma dos preconceitos e danos contra MAPs se chama MAPmisia.
== Referências ==

[[Category:Português]]

Atração juvenil

2025-01-23T00:21:16Z

Lecter:

'''Orientação juvenil''' é um padrão estável e persistente de atração a pessoas significativamente mais novas e não completamente desenvolvidas. “Não completamente desenvolvidas” refere-se a pessoas que se assemelhem a alguém que a maioria das pessoas identificaria como sendo uma criança ou jovem adolescente.

O equivalente anglófono de orientação juvenil, minor attraction (atração por menores), é usado há mais de duas décadas. Esse conceito inclui as subcategorias: [[nepiofilia]], [[pedofilia]], [[hebefilia]] e, às vezes, [[efebofilia]]. Sua maior função é distinguir pedofilia de outras formas de atração por jovens, servindo de termo guarda-chuva.

== Significado ==

Atração juvenil consiste na atração de um adulto por uma criança ou jovem adolescente, ou de uma criança ou adolescente por uma criança muito mais nova. Tipicamente, para ser considerado um MAP (sigla em inglês para “pessoa atraída por menores”, uma pessoa com atração juvenil), uma pessoa deve sentir atração por jovens mais novos que 15 anos de idade e pelo menos 5 anos mais novos que a pessoa. Essa atração pode ser romântica, sexual, ou terciária (diferentes tipos de sentimentos que transcendem emoções de amizade ou laços familiares).

== Categorias ==
Em relação à divisão interna, orientação juvenil pode ser classificada de várias formas.
=== Pela presença de outras atrações ===
* Exclusiva, uma atração por crianças e jovens adolescentes somente;
* Não exclusiva, uma atração por crianças e jovens adolescentes acompanhada por uma atração por adultos e/ou jovens da mesma idade.
=== Pela preferência de gênero ===
* Boylove (amor de garoto), uma atração que prioriza meninos;
* Girllove (amor de garota), uma atração que prioriza meninas;
* Enbylove (amor de garote), uma atração que prioriza crianças e jovens não bináries;
* Childlove (amor de criança), uma atração sem preferência de gênero.
=== Pela preferência de idade ===
* Nepiofilia, uma atração por bebês e crianças pequenas, tipicamente abaixo dos 5 anos;
* Pedofilia, uma atração por crianças pré-púberes, tipicamente entre 5 e 10 anos;
* Hebefilia, uma atração por pré-adolescentes e adolescentes púberes, tipicamente entre 11 e 14 anos;
* Efebofilia, uma atração por adolescentes pós-púberes, entre 15 e 19 anos (esta atração pode não ser inerentemente uma atração MAP, mas efebófilos podem se identificar como MAPs).
Nota: nepiofilia é às vezes subdividida em infantofilia, atração por bebês, e nepiofilia, atração por crianças pequenas.
=== Pelo tipo de atração ===
* Sexual;
* Romântica;
* No espectro queer de atrações não alosexuais ou aloromânticas.
== Atração juvenil como termo ==
=== História ===
==== Minor attraction ====
A primeira menção do termo em inglês é atribuída à jornalista Heather Elizabeth Peterson, que usou a construção “minor-attracted adults” (adultos atraídos por menores) no seu artigo Not An Oxymoron (Não é um Oxímoro), publicado em dezembro de 1998 na revista Greenbelt Interfaith News<ref>[http://www.helping-people.info/articles/oxymoron.htm Heather E.P., “Not an Oxymoron”], Greenbelt Interfaith News, Philia, dezembro 1998.</ref>. Heather E. Peterson lembra ter tocado no assunto no fórum pedófilo BoyChat, no dia 19 de outubro de 1998: “O que vocês acham do termo ‘adultos atraídos por menores’? Soa um pouco bobo para mim mas talvez seja porque odeio neologismos. Certamente é um termo que transmite o que quero dizer. É mais apropriado que ‘adulto atraído por crianças’ já que tem tanta disputa sobre o que constitui uma criança, e apesar de deixar adolescentes amantes de garotos de fora, sempre pode-se usar o termo ‘pessoa atraída por menores’ se quiserem incluí-los”<ref>[https://www.newgon.net/wiki/Text_of_Heather_Peterson:_Origins_of_%22Minor_Attracted_Adult%22 Texto de Heather Peterson: Origins of “Minor Attracted Adult”], NewgonWiki.</ref>.

No Twitter, o perfil oficial de B4U-ACT, uma organização de saúde mental para MAPs, declara que “Começamos a usar o termo MAP por volta de 2007. O falecido Michael Melsheimer, nosso cofundador, introduziu ‘minor-attracted person’ (pessoa atraída por menores) como uma alternativa para ‘minor-attracted adult’ (adulto atraído por menores) para refletir que a maioria dos MAPs descobre suas atrações antes de virarem adultos”<ref>[https://twitter.com/B4U_ACT/status/1178872015375290369 B4U_ACT no Twitter].</ref>. A primeira instância registrada do uso do termo “minor attracted person” por B4U-ACT data do dia 22 de junho de 2007<ref>[[https://www.b4uact.org/togetherchat-submits-report-to-bmhs/ “Togetherchat Submits Report To BMHS”], B4U-ACT.</ref>. Menções mais antigas do termo são extremamente difíceis de rastrear. Uma cópia arquivada de um comentário de BoyChat diz: “Aqui está um termo para todo mundo: MAP! - Jason 20-dezembro-2001 04:57:27, quinta-feira”<ref>[https://archive.ph/tmcaB BoyChat.org], arquivado no archive.today.</ref>. Acredita-se que é aqui que a sigla “MAP” apareceu pela primeira vez, e sua criação seria atribuída ao usuário GhostWriter, que faleceu em 2013<ref>[[https://www.boychat.org/messages/1523354.htm BoyChat.org].</ref>.
==== Uso de termos em português ====
Em português vemos uma tendência em usar traduções literais dos termos em inglês ou os próprios termos em inglês. Há também quem use “pedofilia” como termo guarda-chuva. Como vimos, pedofilia se refere especificamente à atração por crianças pré-púberes, e não é um termo apropriado para se referir à atração por qualquer jovem ou menor de idade.

Um termo muito usado é “atração por menores”, como exemplificado no blog MAPness de shocu, que tem ensaios em português desde 2020<ref>[https://mapness.home.blog/tag/atracao-por-menores/ “Atração por menores”], MAPness, shocu, 2020.</ref>. Quanto as pessoas, são referidas como “pessoas atraídas por menores”, como visto em reportagens sobre Allyn Walker (ume aliade que escreveu um livro sobre MAPs)<ref>[https://www.portalt5.com.br/noticias/single/nid/professor-causa-revolta-apos-dizer-que-atracao-sexual-por-crianca-nem-sempre-e-imoral/ “Professor causa revolta após dizer que atração sexual por criança nem sempre é imoral”], Portal T5, 2021.</ref><ref>[https://pleno.news/comportamento/professor-nega-imoralidade-em-atracao-sexual-por-criancas.html “Professor nega imoralidade em atração sexual por crianças”], Pleno.News, 2021.</ref>.
Nesse artigo fizemos a escolha de usar os termos “MAP”, “orientação juvenil” e “atração juvenil”, apesar destes últimos terem sido inventados por nós, até onde sabemos. MAP, literalmente pessoa atraída por menores, é um empréstimo do inglês. Julgamos que é válido fazer esse empréstimo por ser a palavra mais conhecida e disseminada que se refere à comunidade. “Atração juvenil” (e seu derivado “atração por jovens”) seria equivalente de minor attraction. Este termo foi escolhido por ser curto, fugir da ideia de legalismo (já que menor de idade se refere a uma classificação política, e a atração é por integrantes de categorias biológicas e sociais), e passar a ideia, apropriada, de uma orientação direcionada a jovens. Orientação juvenil também é usado quando se fala da orientação e não só da atração.
==== Derivados ====
Esses são os derivados de minor attraction que existem no uso popular:
===== MAA =====
“Minor-attracted adult”, ou “adulto atraído por menores”, raramente usado hoje em dia. Cuidado: a sigla em português, AAM, se confunde com a sigla em inglês para “adult-attracted minor”, ou “menor atraído por adultos”, sigla usada com relativa frequência.
===== MHAM =====
“Male homosexual attraction to minors" (atração masculina homossexual por menores) e "minor attracted homosexual" (homossexual atraído por menores), termos que estavam em uso no começo dos anos 2000<ref>[https://www.mhamic.org/index.htm MHAMic].</ref>. O aparecimento desses termos foi consequência de MAPs homens e MAPs que amam garotos serem dois dos grupos demográficos mais visíveis da comunidade.
===== NOMAP =====
“Non-offending MAP”, ou “MAP não delinquente”, uma pessoa com orientação juvenil que nunca cometeu um crime sexual contra menores.
===== SOMAP =====
“Semi-offending MAP” (MAP semidelinquente), um termo criado de má fé por uma pessoa confirmadamente anti-MAP<ref>Starfall System [star-fall-system]. (2018, 18 de jun.). “as much as I hate pedos, I have to tell you that pinkpetal-pedo isn't an actual map. its a troll account made by an anti to try and garner support from the map community.” [Comentário]. Tumblr. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://star-fall-system.tumblr.com/post/175021329787/.</ref> que tinha um blog MAP falso, pink petal map and zoophile positivity!<ref>Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://archive.ph/xG8Fx.</ref>. A insinuação do termo é que se trata de MAPs que fazem sexo com crianças que consintam<ref> accABANDONED. (2018, 1 de jul.). SOMAP. Em Urban Dictionary. https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=SOMAP.</ref>, mas não é usado por MAPs pró-contato de verdade.
===== MAPitude =====
“MAPitude” ou “ser MAP”, estado de ser um MAP. Esse termo difere de “orientação juvenil” pois muda o foco da atração em si para todo um espectro de aspectos sociais e psicológicos da identidade. “MAPness” em inglês.
===== MAPmisia =====
MAPmisia é preconceito e ódio contra MAPs. O termo foi cunhado por Kamui em 2019. MAPmisíacos também são chamados “antis” ou “anti-MAPs”.

Alguns outros derivados podem ser encontrados na página identidades MAP pouco comuns.

==== Críticas ====
===== Críticas de anti-MAPs =====
Muitos anti-MAPs acreditam que “MAP” é uma tentativa de mudar imagem, de fazer um rebranding da pedofilia como “fofa”, “inofensiva”, de suavizar a palavra e torná-la assim mais aceitável para um público que é contra pedófilos, apesar do fato de que isso não funcionaria e não tem funcionado. Quase todo anti-pedófilo com acesso a redes sociais sabe o que “MAP” significa, e aqueles que não sabem são rapidamente informados ao perguntar (ou desinformados, com definições enviesadas). Aqueles que aprendem sobre a existência do termo sem contexto adicional também não o aceitam automaticamente, já que também são contra atração juvenil por via de regra. Antis alegam que o objetivo dos MAPs é “normalizar” a pedofilia, apesar de muitos ativistas MAP e pedófilos proeminentes serem contra o conceito de normatividade compulsória e acreditarem que o ato de reconhecer que identidades não normativas merecem respeito igual, ao invés de tentar assimilar seus traços em conceitos sociais de “normal”, seja necessário para a liberação MAP<ref>Lecter. (2019, 9 de set.). Rebellion vs assimilation. MAP Science Archive. Acessado em 5 de junho de 2020, em https://web.archive.org/web/20200605234048/https://wierstamann.wordpress.com/2019/09/09/rebellion-vs-assimilation/.</ref>. Até MAPs assimilacionistas que acreditam que suas atrações são normais e que normal significa bom e abnormal ruim não acreditam que mudar o rótulo para MAP conduza ao seu objetivo de normalização. Na verdade muitos rejeitam o termo MAP por patologizar pedófilos demasiado e por passar a impressão de não ser normal, e preferem termos como “pedófilo”, “amante de crianças” (childlover) ou “amante de jovens” (youthlover).

Pesquisadores que não são MAPs como Allyn Walker defenderam que o termo “MAP” em vez de “pedófilo” favorece a desestigmatização. A B4U-ACT também afirmou isso<ref>B4U-ACT [@B4U_ACT]. (2020, 31 de mar.). “First of all, one of our foremost goals is to promote communication. Other labels ascribed to this population carry connotations that can be misleading, prejudicial, and even derogatory. Those are barriers to understanding.” [Tuíte]. Twitter. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://twitter.com/B4U_ACT/status/1245106699410833410.</ref>. Porém, quase todos os ativistas MAP descordam fortemente com essa proposta de assimilação, e apoiam a reivindicação e/ou abertamente reivindicam o termo “pedófilo” como parte de suas identidades. Eles acreditam que ter esse acrônimo separado, “MAP”, só é útil como termo guarda-chuva inclusivo para nepiófilos, pedófilos, hebéfilos e às vezes efebófilos, não como ferramenta política de assimilação.

Existe uma crença comum de que o rebranding MAP foi uma tentativa de “fazer pedófilos parte da comunidade LGBTQ+”. Entretanto, não foram ativistas MAP que proclamaram isso, e sim antis queermísicos do 4chan, para tentar sujar a imagem da comunidade LGBTQ+. Enquanto isso, muitos MAPs caem sob o espectro LGBTQ+ mesmo em sua conceptualização atual porque não são heterossexuais ou não são heterorromânticos, porque são transgênero ou de alguma forma não são cisgênero, porque são intersexo e/ou, às vezes (dependendo de como se identificam individualmente e do nível de inclusividade entre ativistas LGBTQ+<ref>[Forest Spirit 666 [@ForestSpirit666]. “Theres no legitimate reason polyamory isn't Queer. Polyamory goes against so many norms and ideas of” [Tuíte]. Twitter. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://twitter.com/ForestSpirit666/status/1206352243534024711.</ref>) porque são poliamorosos. No entanto, diversos MAPs que tecnicamente caem nesta definição de “LGBTQ+” a rejeitam, pois não gostam da sigla ou estéticas ou comunidade ou implicações assimilacionistas, e preferem se identificar como queer. Alguns MAPs queer também argumentam pelo princípio da inclusividade radical, incluindo não proibir MAPs monoamorosos, perissexo, alossexuais, alorromânticos, cisgênero e héteros de se identificar como LGBTQ+ ou queer, já que acreditam que o ser queer não deve ser estritamente definido nem se deve ‘filtrar’ quem é ou não é queer. Alguns poucos MAPs que são também LGBTQ+ (pela definição acima) argumentam que sua MAPitude também é LGBTQ+ e/ou que MAPitude deveria ser considerada LGBTQ+ por definição, e alguns outros MAPs defendem que sua MAPitude é também parte de sua identidade queer e/ou que ser MAP é inerentemente queer. Alguns ativistas MAP queer, como Lecter, têm expressado discordância com a ideia de que ser MAP ou ter outra parafilia seja inerentemente queer, querendo em vez disso que a prática geral seja que a consideração da própria MAPitude e outras parafilias como queer ocorra em um modelo opt-in ao invés de opt-out. Outros ativistas MAP queer, como chronic, acreditam que a prática deveria seguir um modelo opt-in se uma percentagem suficientemente pequena de MAPs quiser que MAPitude seja opt-out como inerentemente queer, e deveria ser opt-out se uma percentagem suficientemente grande de MAPs quiser que seja assim.

James Cantor, um pesquisador gay que não é MAP, tem tentado falar pelos pedófilos, argumentando que a aplicação consistente dos princípios pelos quais “damos” direitos a pessoas gays necessitaria inclusão total de pedofilia como parte de LGBTQ+<ref>Cantor, J. [@JamesCantorPhD]. (2018, 8 de dez.). “Speaking as a gay men, I believe we SHOULD include the P. To do otherwise is to betray the principles that give us our rights.” [Tuíte]. Twitter. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://twitter.com/jamescantorphd/status/1071499969910198274.</ref>. Suas falas foram criticadas tanto por MAPs LGBTQ+ quanto por numerosos anti-MAPs.
===== Críticas de MAPs =====
MAPs antiassimilacionistas têm criticado o acrônimo “MAP” por definir sua atração com foco nas perspetivas dos antis que veem tais atrações como dignas de estigmatização, opressão ou sofrimento, e não segundo traços intrínsecos das atrações em si (veja: o discurso sobre se efebofilia deveria ser incluída ou fazer parte inerente na MAPitude). MAPs não ocidentais também criticam o termo por ser centrado na cultura estadunidense[18] por conter o termo “menor”, um construto legal que não existe em todos os países e nem é igual em todos. MAPs do movimento de liberação da juventude (youth liberation) criticam o termo por conter “menor”, pois “menor de idade” é um construto opressivo que querem abolir. MAPs queer criticam o termo por lembrar same-sex attracted (atraíde pelo mesmo sexo), um termo que se originou com proponentes da terapia de conversão[19]. Youth-oriented (orientação juvenil) foi proposto como alternativa, mas não ganhou muito impulso e tem pouco uso. O termo adjacente, youthlover (amante de jovens), é comum em círculos pró-contato amatonormativos, mas foi cunhado anterior e separadamente.
== Desenvolvimento ==
A existência de orientação juvenil tem sido um tópico de especulação por certo tempo, e há várias teorias acerca de seu desenvolvimento. Algumas não têm fonte científica, outras têm credibilidade limitada. Nenhuma teoria tem aceitação sólida no presente.
=== Teoria da escolha ===
De acordo com essa teoria, orientação juvenil é escolhida voluntariamente. Ela é defendida por pessoas que querem atribuir um valor moral a sentimentos sexuais e românticos e não é fundamentada em nenhum dado científico[20].
=== Teoria do abuso sexual infantil ===
Essa teoria faz uma conexão entre desenvolvimento de atração juvenil e ocorrência de trauma sexual na infância. O fato de que muitos MAPs são sobreviventes de abuso sexual infantil é usado como prova. Porém, MAPs compartilham essas altas taxas de abuso infantil com outras minorias marginalizadas, muitas vítimas de abuso sexual infantil não são MAPs, e muitos MAPs não sofreram abuso sexual na infância.
=== Teoria do trauma não sexual ===
Essa teoria vem do Dr. James Cantor, que estudou MAPs condenados após um crime sexual, e publicou um estudo chamado “Intelligence, Memory, and Handedness in Pedophilia” (Inteligência, Memória e Mão Dominante na Pedofilia) em 2004[21], onde ele estabeleceu uma correlação entre MAPitude e traços como memória ruim e baixo desempenho em testes de inteligência. Ele desenvolveu sua teoria em estudos posteriores e correlacionou ser MAP com ser mais baixo, ter menos matéria cerebral, e histórico de trauma craniano na infância. Pesquisas posteriores desmentiram suas conclusões, obtendo resultados diferentes em pesquisas com MAPs sem histórico de infração legal[22][23].
=== Teoria do impulso de acolhimento de crianças ===
De acordo com essa teoria, orientação juvenil se desenvolve como resultado de sinais de acolhimento de crianças mal aplicados que são interpretados como desejo sexual[24]. Essa teoria, popular com certos MAPs que gostam de definir sua identidade como “atração por fofura”, tem diversas limitações – ela começa com presumir que um impulso deve ser ou de acolhimento ou sexual, ignorando sentimentos românticos. Além disso, ela apresenta atração juvenil como algo exclusivo de homens, pois seriam estes que não seriam capazes de interpretar impulsos de acolhimento.
=== Teoria genética ===
Um estudo de gêmeos encontrou mais instâncias de atração juvenil em gêmeos geneticamente idênticos do que em gêmeos geneticamente diversos[25]. Esse é o primeiro e único estudo do tipo, e apesar dos resultados parecerem plausíveis, não podem ser usados como guia até que sejam repetidos.

O mais provável é que orientação juvenil se desenvolva por uma combinação de eventos, dos quais escolha não faz parte. MAPs tendem a se referir a suas atrações como algo que descobriram inesperadamente, tipicamente no começo da adolescência. Uma grande parte dos MAPs tem consciência de suas atrações por volta dos 13-15 anos de idade[26].
== Recepção social ==
MAPs são uma das demografias mais estigmatizadas. Especialistas comentam que “é razoável presumir que MAPs encontram muito mais estigma do que minorias sexuais atraídas por adultos ou pessoas da mesma idade”[27]. Violência contra MAPs é normalizada e vista como desejável, e MAPs ainda não têm grandes organizações pelos direitos humanos de seu lado, ao contrário da maioria das outras minorias. Pessoas que não são MAPs que defendem MAPs e ganham notoriedade costumam receber o mesmo estigma[28]. A soma dos preconceitos e danos contra MAPs se chama MAPmisia.
== Referências ==

18. Americentrism. (n.d.). Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americentrism.

19. Conversion therapy. Wikipédia. (n.d.). Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversion_therapy.

20. [https://www.b4uact.org/know-the-facts/ Summary Of MAP Research, B4U-ACT].

21. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/8902731_Intelligence_Memory_and_Handedness_in_Pedophilia Cantor, James & Blanchard, Ray & Christensen, Bruce & Dickey, Robert & Klassen, Philip & Beckstead, Lee & Blak, Thomas & Kuban, Michael. Intelligence, Memory, and Handedness in Pedophilia], Neuropsychology, 18(1):3-14. DOI: 10.1037/0894-4105.18.1.3. 2004.

22. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28511726/ Massau C, Tenbergen G, Kärgel C, Weiß S, Gerwinn H, Pohl A, Amelung T, Mohnke S, Kneer J, Wittfoth M, Ristow I, Schiltz K, Beier KM, Ponseti J, Walter M, Kruger THC, Walter H, Schiffer B. Executive Functioning in Pedophilia and Child Sexual Offending], Journal of International Neuropsychological Society, 23(6):460-470. DOI: 10.1017/S1355617717000315. PMID: 28511726. 2017.

23. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27767244/ Kärgel C, Massau C, Weiß S, Walter M, Borchardt V, Krueger TH, Tenbergen G, Kneer J, Wittfoth M, Pohl A, Gerwinn H, Ponseti J, Amelung T, Beier KM, Mohnke S, Walter H, Schiffer B. Evidence for superior neurobiological and behavioral inhibitory control abilities in non-offending as compared to offending pedophiles], Human Brain Mapping, 38(2):1092-1104. DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23443. PMID: 27767244; PMCID: PMC6866877. 2017.

24. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5778266/ Ponseti, J., Bruhn, D., Nolting, J., Gerwinn, H., Pohl, A., Stirn, A., Granert, O., Laufs, H., Deuschl, G., Wolff, S., Jansen, O., Siebner, H., Briken, P., Mohnke, S., Amelung, T., Kneer, J., Schiffer, B., Walter, H., & Kruger, T. Decoding Pedophilia: Increased Anterior Insula Response to Infant Animal Pictures], Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 11:645. 23 de janeiro de 2018.

25. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235369954_Evidence_for_Heritability_of_Adult_Men's_Sexual_Interest_in_Youth_under_Age_16_from_a_Population-Based_Extended_Twin_Design Alanko, Katarina & Salo, Benny & Mokros, Andreas & Santtila, Pekka. Evidence for Heritability of Adult Men’s Sexual Interest in Youth under Age 16 from a Population-Based Extended Twin Design], The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 10(4). DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12067. Janeiro de 2013.

26. [https://enderphile.wordpress.com/2018/09/11/growing-up-a-pedophile/ Ender Wiggin, “Growing up a pedophile”], 11 de setembro de 2018.

27. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330635952_Correlates_of_Chronic_Suicidal_Ideation_Among_Community-Based_Minor-Attracted_Persons Cohen, Lisa & Wilman-Depena, Sherilyn & Barzilay, Shira & Hawes, Mariah & Yaseen, Zimri & Galynker, Igor. Correlates of Chronic Suicidal Ideation Among Community-Based Minor-Attracted Persons], Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 32(6): 107906321982586. DOI: 10.1177/1079063219825868. Janeiro de 2019.

28. [https://www.change.org/p/stand-with-experts-against-misinformation Reinstate Professor Allyn Walker], Change.org.

[[Category:Português]]

Atração juvenil

2025-01-22T01:11:44Z

Lecter: Created page with "'''Orientação juvenil''' é um padrão estável e persistente de atração a pessoas significativamente mais novas e não completamente desenvolvidas. “Não completamente desenvolvidas” refere-se a pessoas que se assemelhem a alguém que a maioria das pessoas identificaria como sendo uma criança ou jovem adolescente. O equivalente anglófono de orientação juvenil, minor attraction (atração por menores), é usado há mais de duas décadas. Esse conceito inclui..."

'''Orientação juvenil''' é um padrão estável e persistente de atração a pessoas significativamente mais novas e não completamente desenvolvidas. “Não completamente desenvolvidas” refere-se a pessoas que se assemelhem a alguém que a maioria das pessoas identificaria como sendo uma criança ou jovem adolescente.

O equivalente anglófono de orientação juvenil, minor attraction (atração por menores), é usado há mais de duas décadas. Esse conceito inclui as subcategorias: [[nepiofilia]], [[pedofilia]], [[hebefilia]] e, às vezes, [[efebofilia]]. Sua maior função é distinguir pedofilia de outras formas de atração por jovens, servindo de termo guarda-chuva.

== Significado ==

Atração juvenil consiste na atração de um adulto por uma criança ou jovem adolescente, ou de uma criança ou adolescente por uma criança muito mais nova. Tipicamente, para ser considerado um MAP (sigla em inglês para “pessoa atraída por menores”, uma pessoa com atração juvenil), uma pessoa deve sentir atração por jovens mais novos que 15 anos de idade e pelo menos 5 anos mais novos que a pessoa. Essa atração pode ser romântica, sexual, ou terciária (diferentes tipos de sentimentos que transcendem emoções de amizade ou laços familiares).

== Categorias ==
Em relação à divisão interna, orientação juvenil pode ser classificada de várias formas.
=== Pela presença de outras atrações ===
* Exclusiva, uma atração por crianças e jovens adolescentes somente;
* Não exclusiva, uma atração por crianças e jovens adolescentes acompanhada por uma atração por adultos e/ou jovens da mesma idade.
=== Pela preferência de gênero ===
* Boylove (amor de garoto), uma atração que prioriza meninos;
* Girllove (amor de garota), uma atração que prioriza meninas;
* Enbylove (amor de garote), uma atração que prioriza crianças e jovens não bináries;
* Childlove (amor de criança), uma atração sem preferência de gênero.
=== Pela preferência de idade ===
* Nepiofilia, uma atração por bebês e crianças pequenas, tipicamente abaixo dos 5 anos;
* Pedofilia, uma atração por crianças pré-púberes, tipicamente entre 5 e 10 anos;
* Hebefilia, uma atração por pré-adolescentes e adolescentes púberes, tipicamente entre 11 e 14 anos;
* Efebofilia, uma atração por adolescentes pós-púberes, entre 15 e 19 anos (esta atração pode não ser inerentemente uma atração MAP, mas efebófilos podem se identificar como MAPs).
Nota: nepiofilia é às vezes subdividida em infantofilia, atração por bebês, e nepiofilia, atração por crianças pequenas.
=== Pelo tipo de atração ===
* Sexual;
* Romântica;
* No espectro queer de atrações não alosexuais ou aloromânticas.
== Atração juvenil como termo ==
=== História ===
==== Minor attraction ====
A primeira menção do termo em inglês é atribuída à jornalista Heather Elizabeth Peterson, que usou a construção “minor-attracted adults” (adultos atraídos por menores) no seu artigo Not An Oxymoron (Não é um Oxímoro), publicado em dezembro de 1998 na revista Greenbelt Interfaith News<ref>[http://www.helping-people.info/articles/oxymoron.htm Heather E.P., “Not an Oxymoron”], Greenbelt Interfaith News, Philia, dezembro 1998.</ref>. Heather E. Peterson lembra ter tocado no assunto no fórum pedófilo BoyChat, no dia 19 de outubro de 1998: “O que vocês acham do termo ‘adultos atraídos por menores’? Soa um pouco bobo para mim mas talvez seja porque odeio neologismos. Certamente é um termo que transmite o que quero dizer. É mais apropriado que ‘adulto atraído por crianças’ já que tem tanta disputa sobre o que constitui uma criança, e apesar de deixar adolescentes amantes de garotos de fora, sempre pode-se usar o termo ‘pessoa atraída por menores’ se quiserem incluí-los”<ref>[https://www.newgon.net/wiki/Text_of_Heather_Peterson:_Origins_of_%22Minor_Attracted_Adult%22 Texto de Heather Peterson: Origins of “Minor Attracted Adult”], NewgonWiki.</ref>.

No Twitter, o perfil oficial de B4U-ACT, uma organização de saúde mental para MAPs, declara que “Começamos a usar o termo MAP por volta de 2007. O falecido Michael Melsheimer, nosso cofundador, introduziu ‘minor-attracted person’ (pessoa atraída por menores) como uma alternativa para ‘minor-attracted adult’ (adulto atraído por menores) para refletir que a maioria dos MAPs descobre suas atrações antes de virarem adultos”[3]. A primeira instância registrada do uso do termo “minor attracted person” por B4U-ACT data do dia 22 de junho de 2007[4]. Menções mais antigas do termo são extremamente difíceis de rastrear. Uma cópia arquivada de um comentário de BoyChat diz: “Aqui está um termo para todo mundo: MAP! - Jason 20-dezembro-2001 04:57:27, quinta-feira”[5]. Acredita-se que é aqui que a sigla “MAP” apareceu pela primeira vez, e sua criação seria atribuída ao usuário GhostWriter, que faleceu em 2013[6].
==== Uso de termos em português ====
Em português vemos uma tendência em usar traduções literais dos termos em inglês ou os próprios termos em inglês. Há também quem use “pedofilia” como termo guarda-chuva. Como vimos, pedofilia se refere especificamente à atração por crianças pré-púberes, e não é um termo apropriado para se referir à atração por qualquer jovem ou menor de idade.

Um termo muito usado é “atração por menores”, como exemplificado no blog MAPness de shocu, que tem ensaios em português desde 2020[7]. Quanto as pessoas, são referidas como “pessoas atraídas por menores”, como visto em reportagens sobre Allyn Walker (ume aliade que escreveu um livro sobre MAPs)[8][9].
Nesse artigo fizemos a escolha de usar os termos “MAP”, “orientação juvenil” e “atração juvenil”, apesar destes últimos terem sido inventados por nós, até onde sabemos. MAP, literalmente pessoa atraída por menores, é um empréstimo do inglês. Julgamos que é válido fazer esse empréstimo por ser a palavra mais conhecida e disseminada que se refere à comunidade. “Atração juvenil” (e seu derivado “atração por jovens”) seria equivalente de minor attraction. Este termo foi escolhido por ser curto, fugir da ideia de legalismo (já que menor de idade se refere a uma classificação política, e a atração é por integrantes de categorias biológicas e sociais), e passar a ideia, apropriada, de uma orientação direcionada a jovens. Orientação juvenil também é usado quando se fala da orientação e não só da atração.
==== Derivados ====
Esses são os derivados de minor attraction que existem no uso popular:
===== MAA =====
“Minor-attracted adult”, ou “adulto atraído por menores”, raramente usado hoje em dia. Cuidado: a sigla em português, AAM, se confunde com a sigla em inglês para “adult-attracted minor”, ou “menor atraído por adultos”, sigla usada com relativa frequência.
===== MHAM =====
“Male homosexual attraction to minors" (atração masculina homossexual por menores) e "minor attracted homosexual" (homossexual atraído por menores), termos que estavam em uso no começo dos anos 2000[10]. O aparecimento desses termos foi consequência de MAPs homens e MAPs que amam garotos serem dois dos grupos demográficos mais visíveis da comunidade.
===== NOMAP =====
“Non-offending MAP”, ou “MAP não delinquente”, uma pessoa com orientação juvenil que nunca cometeu um crime sexual contra menores.
===== SOMAP =====
“Semi-offending MAP” (MAP semidelinquente), um termo criado de má fé por uma pessoa confirmadamente anti-MAP[11] que tinha um blog MAP falso, pink petal map and zoophile positivity![12]. A insinuação do termo é que se trata de MAPs que fazem sexo com crianças que consintam[13], mas não é usado por MAPs pró-contato de verdade.
===== MAPitude =====
“MAPitude” ou “ser MAP”, estado de ser um MAP. Esse termo difere de “orientação juvenil” pois muda o foco da atração em si para todo um espectro de aspectos sociais e psicológicos da identidade. “MAPness” em inglês.
===== MAPmisia =====
MAPmisia é preconceito e ódio contra MAPs. O termo foi cunhado por Kamui em 2019. MAPmisíacos também são chamados “antis” ou “anti-MAPs”.

Alguns outros derivados podem ser encontrados na página identidades MAP pouco comuns.

==== Críticas ====
===== Críticas de anti-MAPs =====
Muitos anti-MAPs acreditam que “MAP” é uma tentativa de mudar imagem, de fazer um rebranding da pedofilia como “fofa”, “inofensiva”, de suavizar a palavra e torná-la assim mais aceitável para um público que é contra pedófilos, apesar do fato de que isso não funcionaria e não tem funcionado. Quase todo anti-pedófilo com acesso a redes sociais sabe o que “MAP” significa, e aqueles que não sabem são rapidamente informados ao perguntar (ou desinformados, com definições enviesadas). Aqueles que aprendem sobre a existência do termo sem contexto adicional também não o aceitam automaticamente, já que também são contra atração juvenil por via de regra. Antis alegam que o objetivo dos MAPs é “normalizar” a pedofilia, apesar de muitos ativistas MAP e pedófilos proeminentes serem contra o conceito de normatividade compulsória e acreditarem que o ato de reconhecer que identidades não normativas merecem respeito igual, ao invés de tentar assimilar seus traços em conceitos sociais de “normal”, seja necessário para a liberação MAP[14]. Até MAPs assimilacionistas que acreditam que suas atrações são normais e que normal significa bom e abnormal ruim não acreditam que mudar o rótulo para MAP conduza ao seu objetivo de normalização. Na verdade muitos rejeitam o termo MAP por patologizar pedófilos demasiado e por passar a impressão de não ser normal, e preferem termos como “pedófilo”, “amante de crianças” (childlover) ou “amante de jovens” (youthlover).

Pesquisadores que não são MAPs como Allyn Walker defenderam que o termo “MAP” em vez de “pedófilo” favorece a desestigmatização. A B4U-ACT também afirmou isso[15]. Porém, quase todos os ativistas MAP descordam fortemente com essa proposta de assimilação, e apoiam a reivindicação e/ou abertamente reivindicam o termo “pedófilo” como parte de suas identidades. Eles acreditam que ter esse acrônimo separado, “MAP”, só é útil como termo guarda-chuva inclusivo para nepiófilos, pedófilos, hebéfilos e às vezes efebófilos, não como ferramenta política de assimilação.

Existe uma crença comum de que o rebranding MAP foi uma tentativa de “fazer pedófilos parte da comunidade LGBTQ+”. Entretanto, não foram ativistas MAP que proclamaram isso, e sim antis queermísicos do 4chan, para tentar sujar a imagem da comunidade LGBTQ+. Enquanto isso, muitos MAPs caem sob o espectro LGBTQ+ mesmo em sua conceptualização atual porque não são heterossexuais ou não são heterorromânticos, porque são transgênero ou de alguma forma não são cisgênero, porque são intersexo e/ou, às vezes (dependendo de como se identificam individualmente e do nível de inclusividade entre ativistas LGBTQ+[16]) porque são poliamorosos. No entanto, diversos MAPs que tecnicamente caem nesta definição de “LGBTQ+” a rejeitam, pois não gostam da sigla ou estéticas ou comunidade ou implicações assimilacionistas, e preferem se identificar como queer. Alguns MAPs queer também argumentam pelo princípio da inclusividade radical, incluindo não proibir MAPs monoamorosos, perissexo, alossexuais, alorromânticos, cisgênero e héteros de se identificar como LGBTQ+ ou queer, já que acreditam que o ser queer não deve ser estritamente definido nem se deve ‘filtrar’ quem é ou não é queer. Alguns poucos MAPs que são também LGBTQ+ (pela definição acima) argumentam que sua MAPitude também é LGBTQ+ e/ou que MAPitude deveria ser considerada LGBTQ+ por definição, e alguns outros MAPs defendem que sua MAPitude é também parte de sua identidade queer e/ou que ser MAP é inerentemente queer. Alguns ativistas MAP queer, como Lecter, têm expressado discordância com a ideia de que ser MAP ou ter outra parafilia seja inerentemente queer, querendo em vez disso que a prática geral seja que a consideração da própria MAPitude e outras parafilias como queer ocorra em um modelo opt-in ao invés de opt-out. Outros ativistas MAP queer, como chronic, acreditam que a prática deveria seguir um modelo opt-in se uma percentagem suficientemente pequena de MAPs quiser que MAPitude seja opt-out como inerentemente queer, e deveria ser opt-out se uma percentagem suficientemente grande de MAPs quiser que seja assim.

James Cantor, um pesquisador gay que não é MAP, tem tentado falar pelos pedófilos, argumentando que a aplicação consistente dos princípios pelos quais “damos” direitos a pessoas gays necessitaria inclusão total de pedofilia como parte de LGBTQ+[17]. Suas falas foram criticadas tanto por MAPs LGBTQ+ quanto por numerosos anti-MAPs.
===== Críticas de MAPs =====
MAPs antiassimilacionistas têm criticado o acrônimo “MAP” por definir sua atração com foco nas perspetivas dos antis que veem tais atrações como dignas de estigmatização, opressão ou sofrimento, e não segundo traços intrínsecos das atrações em si (veja: o discurso sobre se efebofilia deveria ser incluída ou fazer parte inerente na MAPitude). MAPs não ocidentais também criticam o termo por ser centrado na cultura estadunidense[18] por conter o termo “menor”, um construto legal que não existe em todos os países e nem é igual em todos. MAPs do movimento de liberação da juventude (youth liberation) criticam o termo por conter “menor”, pois “menor de idade” é um construto opressivo que querem abolir. MAPs queer criticam o termo por lembrar same-sex attracted (atraíde pelo mesmo sexo), um termo que se originou com proponentes da terapia de conversão[19]. Youth-oriented (orientação juvenil) foi proposto como alternativa, mas não ganhou muito impulso e tem pouco uso. O termo adjacente, youthlover (amante de jovens), é comum em círculos pró-contato amatonormativos, mas foi cunhado anterior e separadamente.
== Desenvolvimento ==
A existência de orientação juvenil tem sido um tópico de especulação por certo tempo, e há várias teorias acerca de seu desenvolvimento. Algumas não têm fonte científica, outras têm credibilidade limitada. Nenhuma teoria tem aceitação sólida no presente.
=== Teoria da escolha ===
De acordo com essa teoria, orientação juvenil é escolhida voluntariamente. Ela é defendida por pessoas que querem atribuir um valor moral a sentimentos sexuais e românticos e não é fundamentada em nenhum dado científico[20].
=== Teoria do abuso sexual infantil ===
Essa teoria faz uma conexão entre desenvolvimento de atração juvenil e ocorrência de trauma sexual na infância. O fato de que muitos MAPs são sobreviventes de abuso sexual infantil é usado como prova. Porém, MAPs compartilham essas altas taxas de abuso infantil com outras minorias marginalizadas, muitas vítimas de abuso sexual infantil não são MAPs, e muitos MAPs não sofreram abuso sexual na infância.
=== Teoria do trauma não sexual ===
Essa teoria vem do Dr. James Cantor, que estudou MAPs condenados após um crime sexual, e publicou um estudo chamado “Intelligence, Memory, and Handedness in Pedophilia” (Inteligência, Memória e Mão Dominante na Pedofilia) em 2004[21], onde ele estabeleceu uma correlação entre MAPitude e traços como memória ruim e baixo desempenho em testes de inteligência. Ele desenvolveu sua teoria em estudos posteriores e correlacionou ser MAP com ser mais baixo, ter menos matéria cerebral, e histórico de trauma craniano na infância. Pesquisas posteriores desmentiram suas conclusões, obtendo resultados diferentes em pesquisas com MAPs sem histórico de infração legal[22][23].
=== Teoria do impulso de acolhimento de crianças ===
De acordo com essa teoria, orientação juvenil se desenvolve como resultado de sinais de acolhimento de crianças mal aplicados que são interpretados como desejo sexual[24]. Essa teoria, popular com certos MAPs que gostam de definir sua identidade como “atração por fofura”, tem diversas limitações – ela começa com presumir que um impulso deve ser ou de acolhimento ou sexual, ignorando sentimentos românticos. Além disso, ela apresenta atração juvenil como algo exclusivo de homens, pois seriam estes que não seriam capazes de interpretar impulsos de acolhimento.
=== Teoria genética ===
Um estudo de gêmeos encontrou mais instâncias de atração juvenil em gêmeos geneticamente idênticos do que em gêmeos geneticamente diversos[25]. Esse é o primeiro e único estudo do tipo, e apesar dos resultados parecerem plausíveis, não podem ser usados como guia até que sejam repetidos.

O mais provável é que orientação juvenil se desenvolva por uma combinação de eventos, dos quais escolha não faz parte. MAPs tendem a se referir a suas atrações como algo que descobriram inesperadamente, tipicamente no começo da adolescência. Uma grande parte dos MAPs tem consciência de suas atrações por volta dos 13-15 anos de idade[26].
== Recepção social ==
MAPs são uma das demografias mais estigmatizadas. Especialistas comentam que “é razoável presumir que MAPs encontram muito mais estigma do que minorias sexuais atraídas por adultos ou pessoas da mesma idade”[27]. Violência contra MAPs é normalizada e vista como desejável, e MAPs ainda não têm grandes organizações pelos direitos humanos de seu lado, ao contrário da maioria das outras minorias. Pessoas que não são MAPs que defendem MAPs e ganham notoriedade costumam receber o mesmo estigma[28]. A soma dos preconceitos e danos contra MAPs se chama MAPmisia.
== Referências ==

3. [https://twitter.com/B4U_ACT/status/1178872015375290369 B4U_ACT no Twitter].

4. [https://www.b4uact.org/togetherchat-submits-report-to-bmhs/ “Togetherchat Submits Report To BMHS”], B4U-ACT.

5. [https://archive.ph/tmcaB BoyChat.org], arquivado no archive.today.

6. [https://www.boychat.org/messages/1523354.htm BoyChat.org].

7. [https://mapness.home.blog/tag/atracao-por-menores/ “Atração por menores”], MAPness, shocu, 2020.

8. [https://www.portalt5.com.br/noticias/single/nid/professor-causa-revolta-apos-dizer-que-atracao-sexual-por-crianca-nem-sempre-e-imoral/ “Professor causa revolta após dizer que atração sexual por criança nem sempre é imoral”], Portal T5, 2021.

9. [https://pleno.news/comportamento/professor-nega-imoralidade-em-atracao-sexual-por-criancas.html “Professor nega imoralidade em atração sexual por crianças”], Pleno.News, 2021.

10. [https://www.mhamic.org/index.htm MHAMic].

11. Starfall System [star-fall-system]. (2018, 18 de jun.). “as much as I hate pedos, I have to tell you that pinkpetal-pedo isn't an actual map. its a troll account made by an anti to try and garner support from the map community.” [Comentário]. Tumblr. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://star-fall-system.tumblr.com/post/175021329787/.

12. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://archive.ph/xG8Fx.

13. accABANDONED. (2018, 1 de jul.). SOMAP. Em Urban Dictionary. https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=SOMAP.

14. Lecter. (2019, 9 de set.). Rebellion vs assimilation. MAP Science Archive. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://wierstamann.wordpress.com/2019/09/09/rebellion-vs-assimilation/.

15. B4U-ACT [@B4U_ACT]. (2020, 31 de mar.). “First of all, one of our foremost goals is to promote communication. Other labels ascribed to this population carry connotations that can be misleading, prejudicial, and even derogatory. Those are barriers to understanding.” [Tuíte]. Twitter. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://twitter.com/B4U_ACT/status/1245106699410833410.

16. Forest Spirit 666 [@ForestSpirit666]. “Theres no legitimate reason polyamory isn't Queer. Polyamory goes against so many norms and ideas of” [Tuíte]. Twitter. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://twitter.com/ForestSpirit666/status/1206352243534024711.

17. Cantor, J. [@JamesCantorPhD]. (2018, 8 de dez.). “Speaking as a gay men, I believe we SHOULD include the P. To do otherwise is to betray the principles that give us our rights.” [Tuíte]. Twitter. Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://twitter.com/jamescantorphd/status/1071499969910198274.

18. Americentrism. (n.d.). Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americentrism.

19. Conversion therapy. Wikipédia. (n.d.). Acessado em 13 de maio de 2022, em https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversion_therapy.

20. [https://www.b4uact.org/know-the-facts/ Summary Of MAP Research, B4U-ACT].

21. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/8902731_Intelligence_Memory_and_Handedness_in_Pedophilia Cantor, James & Blanchard, Ray & Christensen, Bruce & Dickey, Robert & Klassen, Philip & Beckstead, Lee & Blak, Thomas & Kuban, Michael. Intelligence, Memory, and Handedness in Pedophilia], Neuropsychology, 18(1):3-14. DOI: 10.1037/0894-4105.18.1.3. 2004.

22. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28511726/ Massau C, Tenbergen G, Kärgel C, Weiß S, Gerwinn H, Pohl A, Amelung T, Mohnke S, Kneer J, Wittfoth M, Ristow I, Schiltz K, Beier KM, Ponseti J, Walter M, Kruger THC, Walter H, Schiffer B. Executive Functioning in Pedophilia and Child Sexual Offending], Journal of International Neuropsychological Society, 23(6):460-470. DOI: 10.1017/S1355617717000315. PMID: 28511726. 2017.

23. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27767244/ Kärgel C, Massau C, Weiß S, Walter M, Borchardt V, Krueger TH, Tenbergen G, Kneer J, Wittfoth M, Pohl A, Gerwinn H, Ponseti J, Amelung T, Beier KM, Mohnke S, Walter H, Schiffer B. Evidence for superior neurobiological and behavioral inhibitory control abilities in non-offending as compared to offending pedophiles], Human Brain Mapping, 38(2):1092-1104. DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23443. PMID: 27767244; PMCID: PMC6866877. 2017.

24. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5778266/ Ponseti, J., Bruhn, D., Nolting, J., Gerwinn, H., Pohl, A., Stirn, A., Granert, O., Laufs, H., Deuschl, G., Wolff, S., Jansen, O., Siebner, H., Briken, P., Mohnke, S., Amelung, T., Kneer, J., Schiffer, B., Walter, H., & Kruger, T. Decoding Pedophilia: Increased Anterior Insula Response to Infant Animal Pictures], Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 11:645. 23 de janeiro de 2018.

25. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235369954_Evidence_for_Heritability_of_Adult_Men's_Sexual_Interest_in_Youth_under_Age_16_from_a_Population-Based_Extended_Twin_Design Alanko, Katarina & Salo, Benny & Mokros, Andreas & Santtila, Pekka. Evidence for Heritability of Adult Men’s Sexual Interest in Youth under Age 16 from a Population-Based Extended Twin Design], The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 10(4). DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12067. Janeiro de 2013.

26. [https://enderphile.wordpress.com/2018/09/11/growing-up-a-pedophile/ Ender Wiggin, “Growing up a pedophile”], 11 de setembro de 2018.

27. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330635952_Correlates_of_Chronic_Suicidal_Ideation_Among_Community-Based_Minor-Attracted_Persons Cohen, Lisa & Wilman-Depena, Sherilyn & Barzilay, Shira & Hawes, Mariah & Yaseen, Zimri & Galynker, Igor. Correlates of Chronic Suicidal Ideation Among Community-Based Minor-Attracted Persons], Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 32(6): 107906321982586. DOI: 10.1177/1079063219825868. Janeiro de 2019.

28. [https://www.change.org/p/stand-with-experts-against-misinformation Reinstate Professor Allyn Walker], Change.org.

[[Category:Português]]

Página principal

2025-01-21T23:22:19Z

Lecter: Created page with "== Boas vindas ao MAP Wiki == O MAP Wiki é um recurso para MAPs, aliados e outras pessoas interessadas. Seu propósito principal é preservar informações sobre a atração juvenil, definir a terminologia dos MAPs e descrever figuras e eventos relacionados. As mídias sociais têm apagado o conhecimento colecionado por ativistas MAP, por isso é hora de colocar o que aprendemos em um lugar mais permanente para que pessoas novas na comunidade possam ter acesso. Só h..."

== Boas vindas ao MAP Wiki ==

O MAP Wiki é um recurso para MAPs, aliados e outras pessoas interessadas. Seu propósito principal é preservar informações sobre a atração juvenil, definir a terminologia dos MAPs e descrever figuras e eventos relacionados.

As mídias sociais têm apagado o conhecimento colecionado por ativistas MAP, por isso é hora de colocar o que aprendemos em um lugar mais permanente para que pessoas novas na comunidade possam ter acesso. Só há umas poucas páginas aqui por enquanto, mas acolhemos colaboradores novos.

Esse wiki é oficialmente neutro quanto a desacordos políticos internos da comunidade MAP e não toma partido em discursos sobre contato e outras questões semelhantes.

{{Clickable button 2|Todas as páginas (português)|url=https://map-wiki.com/index.php/Category:Portugu%C3%AAs}}

{{Clickable button 2|Arquivos importantes|url=https://map-wiki.com/index.php/Category:Important_graphics}}

Se você é um MAP que precisa de ajuda e apoio, [https://www.mapresources.info/ siga este link (inglês)].

Esse wiki é um serviço de código aberto disponibilizado sob a licença Creative Commons. Isso quer dizer que o conteúdo criado e publicado no wiki está disponível para qualquer um usar, distribuir e modificar desde que sigam os termos e condições da licença.

[[Category:Português]]

Category:Português

2025-01-21T22:53:56Z

Lecter: Created page with "Esta categoria é para páginas em português. Category:Language selection tree"

Esta categoria é para páginas em português.

[[Category:Language selection tree]]

Common misconceptions about maps

2025-01-16T21:23:26Z

Lecter: /* "'Map' is a politically correct term made up to normalize pedophilia" */

This post is intended to be used as an informative and educational tool by anyone who encounters these misconceptions and wishes to correct them.
== The nature of minor attraction ==
=== "Pedophilia is a mental illness" ===

'''TL;DR: There is a difference between the diagnosis of pedophilic disorder and pedophia, and this difference is acknowledged by professionals.'''

Pedophilia is frequently equated to the diagnosis of pedophilic disorder. In reality, currently both the International Classification of Diseases (maintained by the World Health Organization) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (maintained by the American Psychiatric Association) recognize the difference between having an attraction to children and having a mental disorder.

"If individuals also complain that their sexual attractions or preferences for children are causing marked distress or psychosocial difficulties, they may be diagnosed with pedophilic disorder. However, if they report an absence of feelings of guilt, shame, or anxiety about these impulses and are not functionally limited by their paraphilic impulses (according to self-report, objective assessment, or both), and their self-reported and legally recorded histories indicate that they have never acted on their impulses, then these individuals have a pedophilic sexual interest but not pedophilic disorder."

[https://www.docdroid.net/1TkXiNH/dsm-5-tr-pdf#page=1487 DSM-5-TR, Pedophilic disorder]

"In addition, in order for Pedophilic Disorder to be diagnosed, the individual must have acted on these thoughts, fantasies or urges or be markedly distressed by them."

[https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en#517058174 ICD-11, Pedophilic disorder]

"Pedophilia is defined as an ongoing sexual attraction toward pre-pubertal children (Freund, 1963, 1967; Seto, 2009). In the new DSM-5, pedophilia is de-pathologized by differentiating between the sexual preference for prepubescent children (i.e., pedophilia) and the disorder in case of additional factors. These factors include experiencing significant distress and impairment by fantasies and urges, or the acting out on behavioral level, including child pornography consumption and/or committing hands-on CSA offenses."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4478390/ Tenbergen, G., Wittfoth, M., Frieling, H., Ponseti, J., Walter, M., Walter, H., Beier, K. M., Schiffer, B., & Kruger, T. H. (2015). The Neurobiology and Psychology of Pedophilia: Recent Advances and Challenges. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 9, 344. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00344]

Similar changes were made to diagnoses, related to other paraphilias.

=== "'Map' is a politically correct term made up to normalize pedophilia" ===

'''TL;DR: "Map" is a term that was invented by a journalist and is actively used by researchers and mental health professionals. It is not simply another word for "pedophile", but covers a range of attractions where pedophilia is only one of them: infantophilia, nepiophilia, pedophilia, hebephilia, and, sometimes, ephebophilia. Maps who do fall under the scientific definition of "pedophilia" overwhelmingly tend to accept the pedophile identity.'''

The term "minor attraction" in a construction "minor attracted adults" was first introduced by a non-map journalist Heather Elizabeth Peterson in 1998.

"So what do you think of the term 'minor-attracted adults'? It sounds a bit silly to my ears, but maybe that's just because I hate neologisms. It certainly says what I'm trying to say. It's more accurate than 'child-attracted adult' because there's a lot of dispute over what constitutes a child, and though it does leave teenage boylovers out of the picture, one could always use the term 'minor-attracted person' if one wanted to include them."

[https://map-wiki.com/index.php/Minor/youth_attraction#Minor_attraction_as_a_term Map Wiki, part of H.E. Peterson's message to a map forum on October 19, 1998]

"The discussions of biblical and theological issues associated with pedophilia were brief, the statements did not mention the place of minor-attracted adults in society, and no pastoral guidance was offered to pedophiles who wished to follow church rules."

[https://www.helping-people.info/articles/oxymoron.htm "Not an Oxymoron" by H.E. Peterson, Greenbelt Interfaith News, Philia, December 1998]

The term has since been incorporated by mental health organizations.

"We started using the term MAP around 2007. The late Michael Melsheimer, our co-founder, introduced "minor-attracted person" as an alternative to "minor-attracted adult," to reflect that most MAPs realize these attractions before they are adults themselves."

[https://x.com/B4U_ACT/status/1178872015375290369 B4U-ACT official account on Twitter]

"We use this term to refer to adults who experience feelings of preferential sexual attraction to children or adolescents under the age of consent, as well as adolescents who have such feelings for younger children. It is important to realize that these sexual feelings are usually accompanied by feelings of emotional attraction, similar to the romantic feelings most adults have for other adults."

[https://www.b4uact.org/about-us/faq/ B4U-ACT, FAQ]

In addition to that, "map" has come to cover more than just "pedophile". Pedophilia does not actually mean attraction to anyone under 18, it refers to an attraction to prepubescents.

"Pedophilia is defined clinically as a recurrent, intense sexual attraction to prepubescent children."

[https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2018-33719-002 Seto, M. C. (2018). Defining pedophilia. In M. C Seto, Pedophilia and sexual offending against children: Theory, assessment, and intervention (2nd ed., pp. 9–30). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000107-002]

"In this article, I briefly review research on nepiophilia (infant/toddlers), pedophilia (prepubescent children), hebephilia (pubescent children), ephebophilia (postpubescent, sexually maturing adolescents), teleiophilia (young sexually mature adults, typically 20s and 30s), mesophilia (middle-aged adults, typically 40s and 50s), and gerontophilia (elderly adults, typically 60s and older) in the context of a multidimensional sexual orientations framework."

[https://zero.sci-hub.se/6128/cb925f232cf2f81ab0ab0b1c05257af3/10.1007@s10508-016-0799-y.pdf Seto M. C. (2017). The Puzzle of Male Chronophilias. Archives of sexual behavior, 46(1), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0799-y]

"The phrase “minor attraction” acts as an umbrella term to describe a range of chronophilic orientations. A chronophilia is a distinct type of sexual attraction pattern that varies as a function of the ages of preferred sexual targets (Seto, 2017). The most studied chronophilic category is pedophilia, which is defined as a primary or exclusive sexual attraction to pre-pubertal children, typically between the ages of 3 and 10 years (Blanchard et al., 2009). However, Seto’s (2017) model of chronophilias takes a much broader view and acknowledges that some people may have sexual preferences for younger infants (nepiophilia), pubescent children aged 11–14 years (hebephilia), or older minors who, depending on the legal code of a given jurisdiction, may be below the age of consent (ephebophilia). This latter category is controversial, in that some argue how some level of sexual attraction to post-pubescent minors who are approaching the age of consent is a normative form of sexuality (for a discussion, see Stephens & Seto, 2016). Seto’s (2017) chronophilias continue to encompass attractions to adults of traditional reproductive age (teleiophilia), middle age (mesophilia), and older age (gerontophilia). For the purposes of this paper, we consider “minor attraction” to encompass the nepiophilic, pedophilic, and hebephilic attraction categories."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8888496/ Lievesley, R., & Lapworth, R. (2022). "We Do Exist": The Experiences of Women Living with a Sexual Interest in Minors. Archives of sexual behavior, 51(2), 879–896. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-021-02160-z]

Most pedophiles do not object to being identified as pedophiles and use this label alongside calling themselves maps.

"Overall, quantitative data showed acceptance of “pedophile/hebephile” as well as a range of alternative labels in a personal (Labeling Oneself) and a professional context (Being Labeled by Others). “Minor-attracted person” and “pedophile/hebephile” received generally higher support than other terms and appeared to be least divisive across three major online fora."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/364024544_Pedophile_Child_Lover_or_Minor-Attracted_Person_Attitudes_Toward_Labels_Among_People_Who_are_Sexually_Attracted_to_Children Jahnke, Sara & Blagden, Nicholas & Hill, Laura. (2022). Pedophile, Child Lover, or Minor-Attracted Person? Attitudes Toward Labels Among People Who are Sexually Attracted to Children. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 51. 1-15. 10.1007/s10508-022-02331-6.]

"73% of maps who fit the definition of pedophilia had a positive attitude towards this label, while 23% were neutral and 4% were negative. Among maps who do not fit the definition of pedophilia these numbers were 42%, 45%, and 12% accordingly."

[https://map-wiki.com/index.php/Pedophilia Map Wiki, Pedophilia]

"We felt it was appropriate to include response options such as pedophile and hebephile as these terms are frequently used on online forums, even though these terms are not consistent with American Psychological Association guidelines regarding person-centered language. The most endorsed terms were child lover (51.6%), pedophile (51.0%), and Minor Attracted Person (40.2%). The total does not add up to 100% as participants could have chosen multiple answers."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9 Martijn, F. M., Babchishin, K. M., Pullman, L. E., & Seto, M. C. (2020). Sexual Attraction and Falling in Love in Persons with Pedohebephilia. Archives of Sexual Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9]

=== "DSM listed pedophilia as a sexual orientation by mistake" ===

'''TL;DR: In 2013 DSM-5 used to refer to pedophilia with words "pedophilic sexual orientation", and after pressure from the public, the phrase was changed to "pedophilic sexual interest". The change was done due to harassment and did not reflect any actual change of opinion among researchers, who still continue exploring it as an orientation.'''

"In the face of significant criticism of its inclusion in the DSM-5, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) has stated its intention to remove the term Pedophilic Sexual Orientation from the diagnostic manual.2 Removing that term in response to public criticism would be a mistake. Experiencing ongoing sexual attractions to prepubescent children is, in essence, a form of sexual orientation, and acknowledging that reality can help to distinguish the mental makeup that is inherent to Pedophilia, from acts of child sexual abuse."

[https://jaapl.org/content/42/4/404 Pedophilia and DSM-5: The Importance of Clearly Defining the Nature of a Pedophilic Disorder, Fred S. Berlin, Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online Dec 2014, 42 (4) 404-407]

"By the above deﬁnition of sexual orientation — and most common deﬁnitions of sexual orientation — pedophilia can be viewed as a sexual age orientation based on the more limited evidence available regarding its age of onset, associations with sexual and romantic behavior, and stability over time. Though there are clearly differences in some respects, there are also striking similarities in the research literature on pedophilia."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6 Seto, M. C. (2012). Is Pedophilia a Sexual Orientation? Archives of Sexual Behavior, 41(1), 231–236. doi:10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6]

=== "Maps do not experience romantic feelings" ===

'''TL;DR: While it is common to depict mapness as solely a sexual "urge", most maps are romantically attracted to children and teenagers in their preferred age range.'''

"The majority (72%) of participants reported they had fallen in love with a child in their lifetime. Participants reported greater feelings of attachment to children than feelings of infatuation. Though sexual attraction and falling in love were strongly correlated, they were not synonymous."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9 Martijn, F. M., Babchishin, K. M., Pullman, L. E., & Seto, M. C. (2020). Sexual Attraction and Falling in Love in Persons with Pedohebephilia. Archives of Sexual Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9]

"Overall, romantic attraction to minors resembles romantic attraction to adults."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39118553/ Levitan, J. A., Martijn, F. M., Santaguida, M., & Seto, M. C. (2024). Minor-Attracted Men's Lived Experiences of Romantic Attraction. Journal of sex & marital therapy, 50(7), 811–824. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2024.2385909]

== Maps and sexual abuse ==
=== "Pedophilia is illegal" ===

'''TL;DR: Pedophilia by itself is not illegal the way child sexual abuse is.'''

"While pedophilia itself does not give rise to criminal liability, acting on it does."

[https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/pedophilia Cornell Law School, Legal Information Institute, Pedophilia]

"Pedophilia is often confused with pedosexuality. Pedosexuality refers to sexual behavior or acts towards children. The distinction is crucial: pedophilia as a sexual preference itself is not illegal; however, engaging in pedosexual acts with minors is."

[https://degroote-deman.be/en/news/from-sensation-to-precision-dgdm-lawyers-demystify-sexual-offenses-child-pornography-pedophilia-and-sexual-abuse-in-the-media/ From Sensation to Precision: DGDM Lawyers Demystify Sexual Offenses, Child Pornography, Pedophilia, and Sexual Abuse in the Media], note: usage of "pedosexuality" to refer to sexual acts with children is specific to several European countries and not universal.

=== "All child molesters are pedophiles" ===

'''TL;DR: Many people mistakenly believe that everyone who sexually abuses children is automatically a pedophile, but in reality most abusers are not pedophiles, since "pedophilia" refers to attraction, not actions.'''

"Not all individuals who sexually assault children are pedophiles. Pedophilia consists of a sexual preference for children that may or may not lead to child sexual abuse (e.g., viewing child pornography), whereas child sexual abuse involves sexual contact with a child that may or may not be due to pedophilia (Camilleri & Quinsey, 2008)."

[https://smart.ojp.gov/somapi/chapter-3-sex-offender-typologies Dominique A. Simons (March 2017). Sex Offender Management Assessment and Planning Initiative. Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking]

"The terms ‘paedophile’ and ‘child sex offender’ are often used interchangeably (Nellis 2009). It is important to understand, however, that the two terms have different meanings; not all child sex offenders are paedophiles and conversely, not all paedophiles are child sex offenders. <...> paedophiles are those individuals who are sexually attracted to young children; these individuals may or may not act on this attraction. Conversely, while some child sex offenders are attracted to children, others may have sexual interest in and/or offend against both children and adults, and/or may act out of opportunity rather than an exclusive sexual interest in children."

[https://www.aic.gov.au/publications/tandi/tandi429 Richards K 2011. Misperceptions about child sex offenders. Trends & issues in crime and criminal justice no. 429. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. https://doi.org/10.52922/ti258908]

In addition to that, people without an attraction to children make up a majority of offenders.

"Those showing no sexual preference disorder, but who, for different reasons, sexually abuse children seeking a surrogate. This group comprises e.g. sexually inexperienced adolescents, mentally retarded persons, those with anti-social personality disorders and perpetrators within general traumatizing family constellations – and accounts for approximately 60% of officially known offenders."

[https://www.praeventionstag.de/dokumentation/download.cms?id=2090 Beier, K.M. (2015). The German Dunkelfeld Project: Proactive Strategies to Prevent Child Sexual Abuse and the Use of Child Abusive Images. Paper presented at the 8th Annual International Forum 2014 within the German Congress on Crime Prevention. Mönchengladbach, DE: Forum Verlag Godesberg GmbH.]

"Are all offenders paedophiles? No. Paedophilia is a stable sexual preference for children. It is one of the so-called ‘paraphilias’ or sexual preferences that differ from what is regarded as normal. Other paraphilias are exhibitionism and necrophilia. As shown in §7.2.1.2, 20% of suspects who undergo a personality assessment are found to have deviant sexual preferences, including preferences other than paedophilia; in other words, 80% do not have deviant sexual preferences."

[https://www.dutchrapporteur.nl/publications/reports/2015/03/19/on-solid-ground-tackling-sexual-violence-against-children-2014 National Rapporteur on Trafficking in Human Beings (2014). On solid ground. Tackling sexual violence against children in the Netherlands. The Hague: National Rapporteur.]

"Only a small part (16,2 %) of sexual offenders against children meet the criteria (DSM-IV-TR) for pedophilia."

[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0924933814777314 D. Kesicky, I. Andre, M. Kesicka, EPA-0284 – Pedophiles and (or) child molesters, European Psychiatry, Volume 29, Supplement 1, 2014, Page 1, ISSN 0924-9338, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-9338(14)77731-4.]

"Despite common misperceptions, pedophilia is neither a necessary nor sufficient precondition for sexual offending against children [5]. In fact, an unknown, but most likely substantial number of people with a sexual preference for children never commit sexual offenses [6], and an estimated 40–60 percent of sexual offenses against children are not committed by people with pedophilic interests [5,7,8,9]."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7460489/ Stelzmann, D., Jahnke, S., & Kuhle, L. F. (2020). Media Coverage of Pedophilia: Benefits and Risks from Healthcare Practitioners' Point of View. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(16), 5739. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165739]

=== "All pedophiles offend" ===

'''TL;DR: Statistics, related to demographics and behavior of maps are still scarce, but it is reasonable to presume that most maps do not commit offenses.'''

87% of map participants did not commit any sexual offenses (infromation from slide 13).

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329544224_Experiences_of_sexual_and_romantic_attraction_to_children_andor_adults_in_persons_with_pedohebephilia_2018 Martijn, Frederica. (2018). Experiences of sexual and romantic attraction to children and/or adults in persons with pedohebephilia (2018).]

"Men reporting that they had been convicted of either viewing child pornography or a sexual contact offense with a child aged 14 or younger comprised 12.2% (145/ 1189) of the sample."

[https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000212 Bailey, J. M., Hsu, K. J., & Bernhard, P. A. (2016). An Internet study of men sexually attracted to children: Sexual attraction patterns. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(7), 976–988. doi:10.1037/abn0000212]

=== "Stigma for maps is beneficial" ===

'''TL;DR: Experts agree that both stigma towards maps in the society and internalized self-hate don't benefit CSA prevention anyhow.'''

"There is an emerging consensus among researchers that having pedophilic interests is not synonymous with child sexual abuse or other amoral behavior. Nevertheless, misconceptions about pedophilia are highly prevalent among the general public and mental health practitioners. <…> We argue that stigmatization of people with pedophilic sexual interests has undesired indirect effects on risk factors for child sexual abuse, particularly on an emotional and social level. Also, fear of being rejected or treated unethically may prevent pedophilic individuals at risk for sexual offending from confiding in medical practitioners or psychotherapists. Psychologists working with pedophilic individuals in forensic or clinical settings should be aware that stigmatizing people with pedophilia may increase their risk of sexual offending, and provide help to deal with potential stigma-related repercussions."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323515098_The_Stigma_of_Pedophilia_Clinical_and_Forensic_Implications Jahnke, Sara. (2018). The Stigma of Pedophilia: Clinical and Forensic Implications. European Psychologist. 23. 144 – 153. 10.1027/1016-9040/a000325.]

"Stigmatization and societal punitiveness about pedophilia have a range of potential consequences, such as the social isolation of people with sexual interest in children, and the formation of policies that are not consistent with empirical research findings. Previous research has shown that people with pedophilic sexual interests use societal thinking to self-stigmatize, which in turn may actually serve to increase their risk of committing a sexual offense."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311545002_Reducing_Stigma_and_Punitive_Attitudes_Toward_Pedophiles_Through_Narrative_Humanization Harper, Craig & Bartels, Ross & Hogue, Todd. (2016). Reducing Stigma and Punitive Attitudes Toward Pedophiles Through Narrative Humanization. Sexual Abuse A Journal of Research and Treatment. 30. 10.1177/1079063216681561.]

"Results revealed that the shame and secrecy resulting from stigma associated with pedophilic interests often prevented our respondents from seeking professional counseling, and only about 20% tried to talk to anyone about their sexual interests prior to their arrest. Barriers to seeking and receiving psychological services included concerns about confidentiality, fears of social and legal consequences, personal shame or confusion about the problem, affordability, and challenges finding competent therapists who were adequately equipped to help them. Understanding and ultimately reducing obstacles to help-seeking can improve the quality of life for people with harmful sexual interests and potentially prevent sexual abuse of children or other vulnerable individuals."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315895306_Obstacles_to_Help-Seeking_for_Sexual_Offenders_Implications_for_Prevention_of_Sexual_Abuse Levenson, Jill & Willis, Gwenda & Vicencio, Claudia. (2017). Obstacles to Help-Seeking for Sexual Offenders: Implications for Prevention of Sexual Abuse. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. 26. 99-120. 10.1080/10538712.2016.1276116.]

"In the general public however, it is to be expected that sexually abusive behavior towards children is often confused with pedophilia as a sexual preference. In the media, people with pedophile or other paraphile interests are often stereotypically portrayed as violent criminals (Diefenbach, 1997; Kitzinger, 2004). The public’s view of sexual offenders is extremely negative (Fortney, Levenson, Brannon, & Baker, 2007). Agreement with the stereotype that pedophilia often or always coincides with child sex offenses is likely to prompt a high degree of discrimination against people with pedophilia, regardless of their actual behavior. This may have a negative impact on the mental health of a person suffering from pedophilia, and unwanted indirect effects on the likelihood of this person seeking therapy when needed. Both potential consequences may, presumably, put children at risk of child sexual abuse."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264231704_Stigmatization_of_People_With_Pedophilia_A_Blind_Spot_in_Stigma_Research Jahnke, Sara & Hoyer, Jürgen. (2013). Stigmatization of People With Pedophilia: A Blind Spot in Stigma Research. International Journal of Sexual Health. 25. 169-184. 10.1080/19317611.2013.795921.]

"For instance, the societal rhetoric about people who abuse children (e.g., “monsters,” “predators,” and “deviants,” along with declarations that they are not amenable to treatment and will inevitably reoffend) is rather damaging to the self-concepts of MAPs, who internalize these stigmatizing perceptions (Buckman et al., 2016; Jahnke, 2018). The shame and secrecy that result from this stigma prevent MAPs from reaching out to find role models, professionals, or confidants who might offer support or advice about how to deal with minor attraction and achieve a satisfying and healthy life (Beier, 2016; Buckman et al., 2016; Piché et al., 2016)."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1177/1079063218797713 Levenson, J. S., & Grady, M. D. (2018). Preventing Sexual Abuse: Perspectives of Minor-Attracted Persons About Seeking Help. Sexual Abuse, 107906321879771. doi:10.1177/1079063218797713]

=== "Communication with children increases risk of offense" ===
'''TL;DR: Communication with children decreases beliefs in acting on the attraction.'''

"Results showed that both increased social and physical contact were significantly linked to fewer legitimizing beliefs toward sex with children, even when controlling for past psychotherapy, educational level, social desirability, and age."

[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-017-1042-1 Geradt, M., Jahnke, S., Heinz, J. et al. Is Contact with Children Related to Legitimizing Beliefs Toward Sex with Children Among Men with Pedophilia?. Arch Sex Behav 47, 375–387 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-1042-1]

== Maps and therapy ==
=== "Therapy for maps involves rejecting and/or changing the attraction" ===

'''TL;DR: Mapness is immutable and cannot be changed by therapy. Good quality therapy offered to maps is centered around self acceptance.'''

"There are no compelling data to suggest that pedophiles might be converted into teleiophiles(persons with a primary sexual interest in adults). Multiple types of interventions have been attempted, including sex-drive-reducing medications and talk therapies informed by any of many theoretical orientations. Although there exist authors who have claimed that their interventions changed their clients’ fundamental sexual interests (e.g., Fedoroff, 1988, 1992), such reports do not include comparison groups, long-term follow-up, or any validated, objective measure to verify the claims of successful change."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287225339_Gold-star_pedophiles_in_general_sex_therapy_practice Cantor, James. (2014). "Gold-star" pedophiles in general sex therapy practice.]

"The (im)mutability of pedophilia is a key aspect of helping non-offending pedophiles manage their sexual arousal and to refrain from offending. The accrual of empirical data exploring this issue is central to understanding and providing treatment to non-offending pedophiles: If pedophilia is immutable, then treatments for these individuals need basically to focus on coping with and managing pedophilic interests while leading a meaningful and fulfilling life and not on changing the person’s basic orientation. Whereas some authors have claimed that pedophilic interests may remit [11, 12], reanalysis of these data and methodological and statistical issues identified by other authors suggest that no such changes in orientation actually occurred [13–16]. <...> Professionals helped some of these men accept their pedophilic interests by separating their sexual attraction from their sexual behavior and by managing their sense of selves (e.g., distancing themselves from stories of “child rapists” [25•, p. 8]). Engaging with other pedophilic individuals helped these men see that others with their interests were able to avoid offending, which brought a sense of hope. Having other social supports that knew about their interests helped because their supports could help them maintain boundaries with children, challenge potentially distorted thinking, and provide them with feedback regarding their behavior with children."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z Cantor, J. M., & McPhail, I. V. (2016). Non-offending Pedophiles. Current Sexual Health Reports, 8(3), 121–128. doi:10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z]

"The preferred model of treatment is LGBT affirmative psychotherapy, which treats sexual feelings as innate, unchangeable and subject to personal acceptance. The American Psychological Association provides guidelines on its website (see below). Applied to the minor-attracted person, affirmative therapy separates sexual orientation from its expression, emphasizing acceptance and personal growth. This in no way endorses sexual contact between adults and minors."

[https://www.b4uact.org/for-therapists/psychotherapy-for-the-map/ B4U-ACT guide Psychotherapy for Minor-Attracted Persons]

"The primary aims of these approaches can be summarized as follows:
1. To accept MAPs’ sexual orientation as stable and unlikely to change;
2. To help MAP patients learn to live with their sexual feelings in a healthy way, most importantly without engaging in behavior that is illegal and/or harmful to children;
3. To help patients develop self-acceptance via a positive but realistic self-concept, without resorting to cognitions that rationalize and normalize adult–child sexual activity in a maladaptive strategy to protect self-esteem; and
4. To help patients learn to cope adaptively with the intense societal stigma against MAPs."
[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330635952_Correlates_of_Chronic_Suicidal_Ideation_Among_Community-Based_Minor-Attracted_Persons Cohen, Lisa & Wilman-Depena, Sherilyn & Barzilay, Shira & Hawes, Mariah & Yaseen, Zimri & Galynker, Igor. (2019). Correlates of Chronic Suicidal Ideation Among Community-Based Minor-Attracted Persons. Sexual Abuse. 32. 107906321982586. 10.1177/1079063219825868.]

"On the contrary, an emergent body of work with community-based MAPs discusses the successful use of masturbatory fantasies as a coping mechanism, with this acting as a healthy sexual outlet that causes no direct harm to minors (e.g., Bailey, Bernhard, & Hsu, Citation2016; Dymond & Duff, Citation2020; Harper & Lievesley, Citation2022; Houtepen et al., Citation2016). Indeed, the achievement of sexual satisfaction is seen by some theorists as a primary human good, with its attainment being associated with a reduction in the likelihood that somebody will go on to commit a sexual offense (Ward & Marshall, Citation2004). As such there may be ethical and practical discussions to be had between MAPs and treatment providers in relation to the most effective ways to help service users to accept their sexual attractions as a pattern of arousal that is potentially unchangeable over time, and to work with them to develop effective ways of reducing sexual frustration and achieving sexual satisfaction in ways that do not create victims of child sexual exploitation and abuse."

[https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0092623X.2022.2149437#abstract Lievesley, R., Harper, C. A., Swaby, H., & Woodward, E. (2022). Identifying and working with appropriate treatment targets with people who are sexually attracted to children. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 49(5), 497–516. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2022.2149437]

=== "Maps don’t want to seek help" ===

'''TL;DR: Most maps would be interested in accessing therapy, yet there are barriers in place.'''

"A nonrandom, purposive sample of MAPs ( n = 293, 154 completed all questions) was recruited via an online survey. Results show that 75% of participants did seek formal help from a professional; however, just less than half of them found the experience to be helpful."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327474958_Preventing_Sexual_Abuse_Perspectives_of_Minor-Attracted_Persons_About_Seeking_Help Levenson, Jill & Grady, Melissa. (2018). Preventing Sexual Abuse: Perspectives of Minor-Attracted Persons About Seeking Help. Sexual abuse : a journal of research and treatment. 31. 1079063218797713. 10.1177/1079063218797713.]

"Over half had wanted to see a mental health professional at some time but did not do so due to fear that a professional would react negatively, report them to others, or lack necessary knowledge."

[https://www.b4uact.org/research/survey-results/spring-2011-survey/ B4U-ACT survey results]

24% clinicians would report a map client to law enforcement in absence of any indication of offense, 11.7% would report in absence of indication of offense and in absence of interactions with children.

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349992064_Mandatory_Reporting_and_Clinician_Decision-Making_when_a_Client_Discloses_Sexual_Interest_in_Children Stephens, Skye & McPhail, Ian & Heasman, Ainslie & Moss, Sarah. (2021). Mandatory Reporting and Clinician Decision-Making When a Client Discloses Sexual Interest in Children. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement. 53. 10.1037/cbs0000247.]

== Map demographics and society ==
=== "All maps are men" ===

'''TL;DR: While mapness is mostly known to the public through male maps, a statistically significant number of maps is women and nonbinary people.'''

"In a self-selected sample recruited online and through radio and newspaper advertisement (n = 1516; 52.7 % female), 1.8 % of the male and 0.8 % of the female respondents to an online, revised version of the Wilson Sex Fantasy Questionnaire reported ever having fantasies involving sex with a child under the age of 12 years [3]."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z Cantor, J. M., & McPhail, I. V. (2016). Non-offending Pedophiles. Current Sexual Health Reports, 8(3), 121–128. doi:10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z ]

"The current body of the literature studying minor-attracted persons (MAPs) predominantly focuses on the experiences of men who experience sexual attractions to children. To shed more light on the experiences of women within this population, we conducted anonymous semi-structured interviews with six self-identified female MAPs, who were recruited through online support forums for individuals with sexual attractions to children. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to analyze the interview transcripts. Two superordinate themes were identified from the dataset that highlighted the uniqueness of the experience of being a woman within the MAP community (“A minority within a minority”) and themes of social isolation and the effects of this on identity (“A lonely secret existence”). The findings reported here highlight how the experiences of female MAPs both converge with and diverge from their male counterparts in important ways. We discuss the implications of these experiences in relation to more effective service provision for women who are sexually attracted to children."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8888496/ Lievesley, R., & Lapworth, R. (2022). "We Do Exist": The Experiences of Women Living with a Sexual Interest in Minors. Archives of sexual behavior, 51(2), 879–896. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-021-02160-z]

"Regarding women, little research is available about the prevalence of sexual interest in children. Early studies asking women about their sexual interest in children revealed prevalence rates ranging from 1 to 4%. <...> Among the total sample, the proportion of women who reported having sexual fantasies involving prepubescent children (n = 98 [7%], general websites: n = 92 [6.8%], SIC websites: n = 6 [11.1%]) was slightly smaller than the proportion of women who reported having sexual fantasies involving pubescent children (n = 136 [9.6%], general websites: n = 129 [9.5%], SIC websites: n = 7 [13.0%]). As the overlapping group among these 2 variables only included 54 women who reported on having sexual fantasies involving both prepubescent and pubescent children, the proportion of women among the total sample who indicated having sexual fantasies involving any children (ie, girls or boys at Tanner stage 1 or 2) reached 12.7% (n = 180, general websites: n = 173 [12.7%], SIC websites: n = 7 [13.0%]; Table 2)."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339794031_Sexual_Interest_in_Children_Among_Women_in_Two_Nonclinical_and_Nonrepresentative_Online_Samples Tozdan, Safiye & Dekker, Arne & Neutze, Janina & Santtila, Pekka & Briken, Peer. (2020). Sexual Interest in Children Among Women in Two Nonclinical and Nonrepresentative Online Samples. Sexual Medicine. 8. 10.1016/j.esxm.2020.01.007.]

According to polls, conducted regularly over the span of 6 years on the map communities of Tumblr, Twitter, and fediverse, around one in three maps in these spaces is nonbinary.

[https://wierstamann.net/2023/03/20/maps-lgbt-and-strategic-erasure/ Maps, LGBT, and strategic erasure]

[https://wierstamann.net/2024/08/09/map-community-demographics-2024/ Map community demographics 2024]

=== "Minors can’t be maps" ===

'''TL;DR: Most maps realize they are attracted to significantly younger teenagers and children in teenagehood, and these attractions persist throughout life.'''

"On average, participants recalled that they first realized their attraction to children ages 14 and younger at age 14.24 years (SD 5.36). They began to suspect that this attraction was unusual, compared with peers, at age 16.11 (SD 5.24). They knew their attraction was unusual at age 18.12 (SD 5.89). Only 2.5% met these milestones later than 29.73, 30, and 35 years, respectively. These ages did not differ significantly across the different age preference groups. <...> Because the average age of participants was 33.66, this implies that their attraction to children has persisted for an average of 19.42 (i.e., 33.66 – 14.24) years, representing more than half their lives, and their entire adulthoods."

[https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000212 Bailey, J. M., Hsu, K. J., & Bernhard, P. A. (2016). An Internet study of men sexually attracted to children: Sexual attraction patterns. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(7), 976–988. doi:10.1037/abn0000212]

Most common age of first realization is 14.

[https://www.b4uact.org/research/survey-results/youth-suicidality-and-seeking-care/ B4U-ACT survey results]

"The study reveals that minor-attracted people become aware of their sexuality at an early age, experience stress caused by real or perceived societal rejection, and encounter both positive and negative reactions upon disclosing their identities. The conclusion underscores the need for a new approach to dealing with minor-attraction in contemporary Western society. I offer eight recommendations for instituting a strategy which incorporates empathy, education, and anti-discrimination measures."

[https://summit.sfu.ca/item/13798 Freimond, C.M. (2013). Navigating the Stigma of Pedophilia: The Experiences of Nine Minor-Attracted Men in Canada.]

The most common age to realize you're a map (attracted to much younger youth) is 13-15, realization in adulthood is rare.

[https://enderphile.wordpress.com/2018/09/11/growing-up-a-pedophile/ Growing Up A Pedophile]

=== "Maps have brain matter anomalies and impulse control issues" ===

'''TL;DR: This stereotype, emerging from early research conducted solely on sex offenders, has been debunked when non-offending maps were studied.'''

"Neurobehavioral models of pedophilia and child sexual offending suggest a pattern of temporal and in particular prefrontal disturbances leading to inappropriate behavioral control and subsequently an increased propensity to sexually offend against children. However, clear empirical evidence for such mechanisms is still missing. Using a go/nogo paradigm in combination with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) we compared behavioral performance and neural response patterns among three groups of men matched for age and IQ: pedophiles with (N = 40) and without (N = 37) a history of hands-on sexual offences against children as well as healthy non-offending controls (N = 40). As compared to offending pedophiles, non-offending pedophiles exhibited superior inhibitory control as reflected by significantly lower rate of commission errors. Group-by-condition interaction analysis also revealed inhibition-related activation in the left posterior cingulate and the left superior frontal cortex that distinguished between offending and non-offending pedophiles, while no significant differences were found between pedophiles and healthy controls. Both areas showing distinct activation pattern among pedophiles play a critical role in linking neural networks that relate to effective cognitive functioning. Data therefore suggest that heightened inhibition-related recruitment of these areas as well as decreased amount of commission errors is related to better inhibitory control in pedophiles who successfully avoid committing hands-on sexual offences against children. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1092–1104, 2017."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27767244/ Kärgel, C., Massau, C., Weiß, S., Walter, M., Borchardt, V., Krueger, T. H., Tenbergen, G., Kneer, J., Wittfoth, M., Pohl, A., Gerwinn, H., Ponseti, J., Amelung, T., Beier, K. M., Mohnke, S., Walter, H., & Schiffer, B. (2017). Evidence for superior neurobiological and behavioral inhibitory control abilities in non-offending as compared to offending pedophiles. Human brain mapping, 38(2), 1092–1104. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.23443]

"Our results are the first to demonstrate that executive dysfunctions are related to offense status rather than pedophilic preference."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28511726/ Massau, C., Tenbergen, G., Kärgel, C., Weiß, S., Gerwinn, H., Pohl, A., Amelung, T., Mohnke, S., Kneer, J., Wittfoth, M., Ristow, I., Schiltz, K., Beier, K. M., Ponseti, J., Walter, M., Kruger, T. H. C., Walter, H., & Schiffer, B. (2017). Executive Functioning in Pedophilia and Child Sexual Offending. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 23(6), 460–470. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617717000315]

"Consistent with the conceptualization of the DSM-5, which specifies CSO as most the prominent criterion that differentiates pedophilia from pedophilic disorder, there were no significant differences between the GM volumes of the non-offending pedophiles and the teleiophilic controls. In contrast, the pedophiles who had engaged in CSO showed a significantly reduced relative GM volume in the right TP compared with pedophiles who did not. This difference was not attributable to age, level of education, IQ, sexual orientation, drug misuse/dependence, other Axis I or II disorders or general criminality."

[https://www.nature.com/articles/tp201796 Schiffer, B., Amelung, T., Pohl, A. et al. Gray matter anomalies in pedophiles with and without a history of child sexual offending. Transl Psychiatry 7, e1129 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/tp.2017.96 ]

"In line with our expectations, pedohebephilic men in our sample were considerably more likely to be introverted and less emotionally stable compared to nonpedohebephilic controls but not more or less likely to be impulsive, agreeable, or open.<...> Among all personality domains, introversion and neuroticism are also the ones that are most likely to be affected by stigma.<...> In the general population, there still exists an image of pedophilic men as highly unstable, impulsive, unpleasant, and antisocial (McCartan, 2010). This image is linked to stigmatizing assumptions like the idea that pedophilic men are monsters unable and unwilling to control their sexual urges (Houtepen, Sijtsema, & Bogaerts, 2016; Jahnke, 2018). Therefore, it is of high importance to rigorously test such expectations, and, if disproven, correct them."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1080/19317611.2019.1609641 Jahnke, S., Schmitt, S., Geradt, M., & Hoyer, J. (2019). Big Five Personality Factors Among Men With a Sexual Interest in Children. International Journal of Sexual Health, 1–6. doi:10.1080/19317611.2019.1609641]

=== "Maps can't be queer" ===
'''TL;DR: While maps can be heterosexual or cisgender, many still share some kind of a queer identity, and maps are more likely to be queer than the general population.'''

"Participants showed a range of uses of queer-spectrum identity labels during interviews. While many, especially those attracted to the same or multiple genders, used "queer," "gay," "lesbian," or "bisexual" to describe themselves, and the majority of participants referred to their attractions as a sexual orientation, some individuals who used these terms felt guilt over doing so because of a belief that associating minor-attracted individuals with other queer groups would be harmful to those other queer communities."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1080/00918369.2019.1613856 Walker, A. (2019). “I’m Not like That, So Am I Gay?” The Use of Queer-Spectrum Identity Labels Among Minor-Attracted People. Journal of Homosexuality, 1–24. doi:10.1080/00918369.2019.1613856]

"An estimated 2 to 4% of teleiophilic men prefer men (Hall & Hall, 2007). Conversely, an estimated 9 to 40% of men with pedohebephilia have a preferential attraction to boys (Hall & Hall, 2007). <...> A quarter of the participants were exclusively boy-attracted (26.8%, n=82/306), half were boy-and-girl-attracted (48.4%; n = 148/306), and another quarter were exclusively girl-attracted (24.8%, n=76/306)."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9 Martijn, F. M., Babchishin, K. M., Pullman, L. E., & Seto, M. C. (2020). Sexual Attraction and Falling in Love in Persons with Pedohebephilia. Archives of Sexual Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9]

[[Category:Additional materials]]
[[Category:English]]

Common misconceptions about maps

2025-01-16T21:20:03Z

Lecter: /* Map demographics and society */

This post is intended to be used as an informative and educational tool by anyone who encounters these misconceptions and wishes to correct them.
== The nature of minor attraction ==
=== "Pedophilia is a mental illness" ===

'''TL;DR: There is a difference between the diagnosis of pedophilic disorder and pedophia, and this difference is acknowledged by professionals.'''

Pedophilia is frequently equated to the diagnosis of pedophilic disorder. In reality, currently both the International Classification of Diseases (maintained by the World Health Organization) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (maintained by the American Psychiatric Association) recognize the difference between having an attraction to children and having a mental disorder.

"If individuals also complain that their sexual attractions or preferences for children are causing marked distress or psychosocial difficulties, they may be diagnosed with pedophilic disorder. However, if they report an absence of feelings of guilt, shame, or anxiety about these impulses and are not functionally limited by their paraphilic impulses (according to self-report, objective assessment, or both), and their self-reported and legally recorded histories indicate that they have never acted on their impulses, then these individuals have a pedophilic sexual interest but not pedophilic disorder."

[https://www.docdroid.net/1TkXiNH/dsm-5-tr-pdf#page=1487 DSM-5-TR, Pedophilic disorder]

"In addition, in order for Pedophilic Disorder to be diagnosed, the individual must have acted on these thoughts, fantasies or urges or be markedly distressed by them."

[https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en#517058174 ICD-11, Pedophilic disorder]

"Pedophilia is defined as an ongoing sexual attraction toward pre-pubertal children (Freund, 1963, 1967; Seto, 2009). In the new DSM-5, pedophilia is de-pathologized by differentiating between the sexual preference for prepubescent children (i.e., pedophilia) and the disorder in case of additional factors. These factors include experiencing significant distress and impairment by fantasies and urges, or the acting out on behavioral level, including child pornography consumption and/or committing hands-on CSA offenses."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4478390/ Tenbergen, G., Wittfoth, M., Frieling, H., Ponseti, J., Walter, M., Walter, H., Beier, K. M., Schiffer, B., & Kruger, T. H. (2015). The Neurobiology and Psychology of Pedophilia: Recent Advances and Challenges. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 9, 344. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00344]

Similar changes were made to diagnoses, related to other paraphilias.

=== "'Map' is a politically correct term made up to normalize pedophilia" ===

'''TL;DR: "Map" is a term that was invented by a journalist and is actively used by researchers and mental health professionals. It is not simply another word for "pedophile", but covers a range of attractions where pedophilia is only one of them: infantophilia, nepiophilia, pedophilia, hebephilia, and, sometimes, ephebophilia. Maps who do fall under the scientific definition of "pedophilia" overwhelmingly tend to accept the pedophile identity.'''

The term "minor attraction" in a construction "minor attracted adults" was first introduced by a non-map journalist Heather Elizabeth Peterson in 1998.

"So what do you think of the term 'minor-attracted adults'? It sounds a bit silly to my ears, but maybe that's just because I hate neologisms. It certainly says what I'm trying to say. It's more accurate than 'child-attracted adult' because there's a lot of dispute over what constitutes a child, and though it does leave teenage boylovers out of the picture, one could always use the term 'minor-attracted person' if one wanted to include them."

[https://map-wiki.com/index.php/Minor/youth_attraction#Minor_attraction_as_a_term Map Wiki, part of H.E. Peterson's message to a map forum on October 19, 1998]

"The discussions of biblical and theological issues associated with pedophilia were brief, the statements did not mention the place of minor-attracted adults in society, and no pastoral guidance was offered to pedophiles who wished to follow church rules."

[https://www.helping-people.info/articles/oxymoron.htm "Not an Oxymoron" by H.E. Peterson, Greenbelt Interfaith News, Philia, December 1998]

The term has since been incorporated by mental health organizations.

"We started using the term MAP around 2007. The late Michael Melsheimer, our co-founder, introduced "minor-attracted person" as an alternative to "minor-attracted adult," to reflect that most MAPs realize these attractions before they are adults themselves."

[https://x.com/B4U_ACT/status/1178872015375290369 B4U-ACT official account on Twitter]

"We use this term to refer to adults who experience feelings of preferential sexual attraction to children or adolescents under the age of consent, as well as adolescents who have such feelings for younger children. It is important to realize that these sexual feelings are usually accompanied by feelings of emotional attraction, similar to the romantic feelings most adults have for other adults."

[https://www.b4uact.org/about-us/faq/ B4U-ACT, FAQ]

In addition to that, "map" has come to cover more than just "pedophile". Pedophilia does not actually mean attraction to anyone under 18, it refers to an attraction to prepubescents.

"Pedophilia is defined clinically as a recurrent, intense sexual attraction to prepubescent children."

[https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2018-33719-002 Seto, M. C. (2018). Defining pedophilia. In M. C Seto, Pedophilia and sexual offending against children: Theory, assessment, and intervention (2nd ed., pp. 9–30). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000107-002]

"In this article, I briefly review research on nepiophilia (infant/toddlers), pedophilia (prepubescent children), hebephilia (pubescent children), ephebophilia (postpubescent, sexually maturing adolescents), teleiophilia (young sexually mature adults, typically 20s and 30s), mesophilia (middle-aged adults, typically 40s and 50s), and gerontophilia (elderly adults, typically 60s and older) in the context of a multidimensional sexual orientations framework."

[https://zero.sci-hub.se/6128/cb925f232cf2f81ab0ab0b1c05257af3/10.1007@s10508-016-0799-y.pdf Seto M. C. (2017). The Puzzle of Male Chronophilias. Archives of sexual behavior, 46(1), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0799-y]

"The phrase “minor attraction” acts as an umbrella term to describe a range of chronophilic orientations. A chronophilia is a distinct type of sexual attraction pattern that varies as a function of the ages of preferred sexual targets (Seto, 2017). The most studied chronophilic category is pedophilia, which is defined as a primary or exclusive sexual attraction to pre-pubertal children, typically between the ages of 3 and 10 years (Blanchard et al., 2009). However, Seto’s (2017) model of chronophilias takes a much broader view and acknowledges that some people may have sexual preferences for younger infants (nepiophilia), pubescent children aged 11–14 years (hebephilia), or older minors who, depending on the legal code of a given jurisdiction, may be below the age of consent (ephebophilia). This latter category is controversial, in that some argue how some level of sexual attraction to post-pubescent minors who are approaching the age of consent is a normative form of sexuality (for a discussion, see Stephens & Seto, 2016). Seto’s (2017) chronophilias continue to encompass attractions to adults of traditional reproductive age (teleiophilia), middle age (mesophilia), and older age (gerontophilia). For the purposes of this paper, we consider “minor attraction” to encompass the nepiophilic, pedophilic, and hebephilic attraction categories."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8888496/ Lievesley, R., & Lapworth, R. (2022). "We Do Exist": The Experiences of Women Living with a Sexual Interest in Minors. Archives of sexual behavior, 51(2), 879–896. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-021-02160-z]

Most pedophiles do not object to being identified as pedophiles and use this label alongside calling themselves maps.

"Overall, quantitative data showed acceptance of “pedophile/hebephile” as well as a range of alternative labels in a personal (Labeling Oneself) and a professional context (Being Labeled by Others). “Minor-attracted person” and “pedophile/hebephile” received generally higher support than other terms and appeared to be least divisive across three major online fora."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/364024544_Pedophile_Child_Lover_or_Minor-Attracted_Person_Attitudes_Toward_Labels_Among_People_Who_are_Sexually_Attracted_to_Children Jahnke, Sara & Blagden, Nicholas & Hill, Laura. (2022). Pedophile, Child Lover, or Minor-Attracted Person? Attitudes Toward Labels Among People Who are Sexually Attracted to Children. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 51. 1-15. 10.1007/s10508-022-02331-6.]

"73% of maps who fit the definition of pedophilia had a positive attitude towards this label, while 23% were neutral and 4% were negative. Among maps who do not fit the definition of pedophilia these numbers were 42%, 45%, and 12% accordingly."

[https://map-wiki.com/index.php/Pedophilia Map Wiki, Pedophilia]

=== "DSM listed pedophilia as a sexual orientation by mistake" ===

'''TL;DR: In 2013 DSM-5 used to refer to pedophilia with words "pedophilic sexual orientation", and after pressure from the public, the phrase was changed to "pedophilic sexual interest". The change was done due to harassment and did not reflect any actual change of opinion among researchers, who still continue exploring it as an orientation.'''

"In the face of significant criticism of its inclusion in the DSM-5, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) has stated its intention to remove the term Pedophilic Sexual Orientation from the diagnostic manual.2 Removing that term in response to public criticism would be a mistake. Experiencing ongoing sexual attractions to prepubescent children is, in essence, a form of sexual orientation, and acknowledging that reality can help to distinguish the mental makeup that is inherent to Pedophilia, from acts of child sexual abuse."

[https://jaapl.org/content/42/4/404 Pedophilia and DSM-5: The Importance of Clearly Defining the Nature of a Pedophilic Disorder, Fred S. Berlin, Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online Dec 2014, 42 (4) 404-407]

"By the above deﬁnition of sexual orientation — and most common deﬁnitions of sexual orientation — pedophilia can be viewed as a sexual age orientation based on the more limited evidence available regarding its age of onset, associations with sexual and romantic behavior, and stability over time. Though there are clearly differences in some respects, there are also striking similarities in the research literature on pedophilia."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6 Seto, M. C. (2012). Is Pedophilia a Sexual Orientation? Archives of Sexual Behavior, 41(1), 231–236. doi:10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6]

=== "Maps do not experience romantic feelings" ===

'''TL;DR: While it is common to depict mapness as solely a sexual "urge", most maps are romantically attracted to children and teenagers in their preferred age range.'''

"The majority (72%) of participants reported they had fallen in love with a child in their lifetime. Participants reported greater feelings of attachment to children than feelings of infatuation. Though sexual attraction and falling in love were strongly correlated, they were not synonymous."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9 Martijn, F. M., Babchishin, K. M., Pullman, L. E., & Seto, M. C. (2020). Sexual Attraction and Falling in Love in Persons with Pedohebephilia. Archives of Sexual Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9]

"Overall, romantic attraction to minors resembles romantic attraction to adults."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39118553/ Levitan, J. A., Martijn, F. M., Santaguida, M., & Seto, M. C. (2024). Minor-Attracted Men's Lived Experiences of Romantic Attraction. Journal of sex & marital therapy, 50(7), 811–824. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2024.2385909]

== Maps and sexual abuse ==
=== "Pedophilia is illegal" ===

'''TL;DR: Pedophilia by itself is not illegal the way child sexual abuse is.'''

"While pedophilia itself does not give rise to criminal liability, acting on it does."

[https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/pedophilia Cornell Law School, Legal Information Institute, Pedophilia]

"Pedophilia is often confused with pedosexuality. Pedosexuality refers to sexual behavior or acts towards children. The distinction is crucial: pedophilia as a sexual preference itself is not illegal; however, engaging in pedosexual acts with minors is."

[https://degroote-deman.be/en/news/from-sensation-to-precision-dgdm-lawyers-demystify-sexual-offenses-child-pornography-pedophilia-and-sexual-abuse-in-the-media/ From Sensation to Precision: DGDM Lawyers Demystify Sexual Offenses, Child Pornography, Pedophilia, and Sexual Abuse in the Media], note: usage of "pedosexuality" to refer to sexual acts with children is specific to several European countries and not universal.

=== "All child molesters are pedophiles" ===

'''TL;DR: Many people mistakenly believe that everyone who sexually abuses children is automatically a pedophile, but in reality most abusers are not pedophiles, since "pedophilia" refers to attraction, not actions.'''

"Not all individuals who sexually assault children are pedophiles. Pedophilia consists of a sexual preference for children that may or may not lead to child sexual abuse (e.g., viewing child pornography), whereas child sexual abuse involves sexual contact with a child that may or may not be due to pedophilia (Camilleri & Quinsey, 2008)."

[https://smart.ojp.gov/somapi/chapter-3-sex-offender-typologies Dominique A. Simons (March 2017). Sex Offender Management Assessment and Planning Initiative. Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking]

"The terms ‘paedophile’ and ‘child sex offender’ are often used interchangeably (Nellis 2009). It is important to understand, however, that the two terms have different meanings; not all child sex offenders are paedophiles and conversely, not all paedophiles are child sex offenders. <...> paedophiles are those individuals who are sexually attracted to young children; these individuals may or may not act on this attraction. Conversely, while some child sex offenders are attracted to children, others may have sexual interest in and/or offend against both children and adults, and/or may act out of opportunity rather than an exclusive sexual interest in children."

[https://www.aic.gov.au/publications/tandi/tandi429 Richards K 2011. Misperceptions about child sex offenders. Trends & issues in crime and criminal justice no. 429. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. https://doi.org/10.52922/ti258908]

In addition to that, people without an attraction to children make up a majority of offenders.

"Those showing no sexual preference disorder, but who, for different reasons, sexually abuse children seeking a surrogate. This group comprises e.g. sexually inexperienced adolescents, mentally retarded persons, those with anti-social personality disorders and perpetrators within general traumatizing family constellations – and accounts for approximately 60% of officially known offenders."

[https://www.praeventionstag.de/dokumentation/download.cms?id=2090 Beier, K.M. (2015). The German Dunkelfeld Project: Proactive Strategies to Prevent Child Sexual Abuse and the Use of Child Abusive Images. Paper presented at the 8th Annual International Forum 2014 within the German Congress on Crime Prevention. Mönchengladbach, DE: Forum Verlag Godesberg GmbH.]

"Are all offenders paedophiles? No. Paedophilia is a stable sexual preference for children. It is one of the so-called ‘paraphilias’ or sexual preferences that differ from what is regarded as normal. Other paraphilias are exhibitionism and necrophilia. As shown in §7.2.1.2, 20% of suspects who undergo a personality assessment are found to have deviant sexual preferences, including preferences other than paedophilia; in other words, 80% do not have deviant sexual preferences."

[https://www.dutchrapporteur.nl/publications/reports/2015/03/19/on-solid-ground-tackling-sexual-violence-against-children-2014 National Rapporteur on Trafficking in Human Beings (2014). On solid ground. Tackling sexual violence against children in the Netherlands. The Hague: National Rapporteur.]

"Only a small part (16,2 %) of sexual offenders against children meet the criteria (DSM-IV-TR) for pedophilia."

[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0924933814777314 D. Kesicky, I. Andre, M. Kesicka, EPA-0284 – Pedophiles and (or) child molesters, European Psychiatry, Volume 29, Supplement 1, 2014, Page 1, ISSN 0924-9338, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-9338(14)77731-4.]

"Despite common misperceptions, pedophilia is neither a necessary nor sufficient precondition for sexual offending against children [5]. In fact, an unknown, but most likely substantial number of people with a sexual preference for children never commit sexual offenses [6], and an estimated 40–60 percent of sexual offenses against children are not committed by people with pedophilic interests [5,7,8,9]."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7460489/ Stelzmann, D., Jahnke, S., & Kuhle, L. F. (2020). Media Coverage of Pedophilia: Benefits and Risks from Healthcare Practitioners' Point of View. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(16), 5739. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165739]

=== "All pedophiles offend" ===

'''TL;DR: Statistics, related to demographics and behavior of maps are still scarce, but it is reasonable to presume that most maps do not commit offenses.'''

87% of map participants did not commit any sexual offenses (infromation from slide 13).

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329544224_Experiences_of_sexual_and_romantic_attraction_to_children_andor_adults_in_persons_with_pedohebephilia_2018 Martijn, Frederica. (2018). Experiences of sexual and romantic attraction to children and/or adults in persons with pedohebephilia (2018).]

"Men reporting that they had been convicted of either viewing child pornography or a sexual contact offense with a child aged 14 or younger comprised 12.2% (145/ 1189) of the sample."

[https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000212 Bailey, J. M., Hsu, K. J., & Bernhard, P. A. (2016). An Internet study of men sexually attracted to children: Sexual attraction patterns. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(7), 976–988. doi:10.1037/abn0000212]

=== "Stigma for maps is beneficial" ===

'''TL;DR: Experts agree that both stigma towards maps in the society and internalized self-hate don't benefit CSA prevention anyhow.'''

"There is an emerging consensus among researchers that having pedophilic interests is not synonymous with child sexual abuse or other amoral behavior. Nevertheless, misconceptions about pedophilia are highly prevalent among the general public and mental health practitioners. <…> We argue that stigmatization of people with pedophilic sexual interests has undesired indirect effects on risk factors for child sexual abuse, particularly on an emotional and social level. Also, fear of being rejected or treated unethically may prevent pedophilic individuals at risk for sexual offending from confiding in medical practitioners or psychotherapists. Psychologists working with pedophilic individuals in forensic or clinical settings should be aware that stigmatizing people with pedophilia may increase their risk of sexual offending, and provide help to deal with potential stigma-related repercussions."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323515098_The_Stigma_of_Pedophilia_Clinical_and_Forensic_Implications Jahnke, Sara. (2018). The Stigma of Pedophilia: Clinical and Forensic Implications. European Psychologist. 23. 144 – 153. 10.1027/1016-9040/a000325.]

"Stigmatization and societal punitiveness about pedophilia have a range of potential consequences, such as the social isolation of people with sexual interest in children, and the formation of policies that are not consistent with empirical research findings. Previous research has shown that people with pedophilic sexual interests use societal thinking to self-stigmatize, which in turn may actually serve to increase their risk of committing a sexual offense."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311545002_Reducing_Stigma_and_Punitive_Attitudes_Toward_Pedophiles_Through_Narrative_Humanization Harper, Craig & Bartels, Ross & Hogue, Todd. (2016). Reducing Stigma and Punitive Attitudes Toward Pedophiles Through Narrative Humanization. Sexual Abuse A Journal of Research and Treatment. 30. 10.1177/1079063216681561.]

"Results revealed that the shame and secrecy resulting from stigma associated with pedophilic interests often prevented our respondents from seeking professional counseling, and only about 20% tried to talk to anyone about their sexual interests prior to their arrest. Barriers to seeking and receiving psychological services included concerns about confidentiality, fears of social and legal consequences, personal shame or confusion about the problem, affordability, and challenges finding competent therapists who were adequately equipped to help them. Understanding and ultimately reducing obstacles to help-seeking can improve the quality of life for people with harmful sexual interests and potentially prevent sexual abuse of children or other vulnerable individuals."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315895306_Obstacles_to_Help-Seeking_for_Sexual_Offenders_Implications_for_Prevention_of_Sexual_Abuse Levenson, Jill & Willis, Gwenda & Vicencio, Claudia. (2017). Obstacles to Help-Seeking for Sexual Offenders: Implications for Prevention of Sexual Abuse. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. 26. 99-120. 10.1080/10538712.2016.1276116.]

"In the general public however, it is to be expected that sexually abusive behavior towards children is often confused with pedophilia as a sexual preference. In the media, people with pedophile or other paraphile interests are often stereotypically portrayed as violent criminals (Diefenbach, 1997; Kitzinger, 2004). The public’s view of sexual offenders is extremely negative (Fortney, Levenson, Brannon, & Baker, 2007). Agreement with the stereotype that pedophilia often or always coincides with child sex offenses is likely to prompt a high degree of discrimination against people with pedophilia, regardless of their actual behavior. This may have a negative impact on the mental health of a person suffering from pedophilia, and unwanted indirect effects on the likelihood of this person seeking therapy when needed. Both potential consequences may, presumably, put children at risk of child sexual abuse."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264231704_Stigmatization_of_People_With_Pedophilia_A_Blind_Spot_in_Stigma_Research Jahnke, Sara & Hoyer, Jürgen. (2013). Stigmatization of People With Pedophilia: A Blind Spot in Stigma Research. International Journal of Sexual Health. 25. 169-184. 10.1080/19317611.2013.795921.]

"For instance, the societal rhetoric about people who abuse children (e.g., “monsters,” “predators,” and “deviants,” along with declarations that they are not amenable to treatment and will inevitably reoffend) is rather damaging to the self-concepts of MAPs, who internalize these stigmatizing perceptions (Buckman et al., 2016; Jahnke, 2018). The shame and secrecy that result from this stigma prevent MAPs from reaching out to find role models, professionals, or confidants who might offer support or advice about how to deal with minor attraction and achieve a satisfying and healthy life (Beier, 2016; Buckman et al., 2016; Piché et al., 2016)."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1177/1079063218797713 Levenson, J. S., & Grady, M. D. (2018). Preventing Sexual Abuse: Perspectives of Minor-Attracted Persons About Seeking Help. Sexual Abuse, 107906321879771. doi:10.1177/1079063218797713]

=== "Communication with children increases risk of offense" ===
'''TL;DR: Communication with children decreases beliefs in acting on the attraction.'''

"Results showed that both increased social and physical contact were significantly linked to fewer legitimizing beliefs toward sex with children, even when controlling for past psychotherapy, educational level, social desirability, and age."

[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-017-1042-1 Geradt, M., Jahnke, S., Heinz, J. et al. Is Contact with Children Related to Legitimizing Beliefs Toward Sex with Children Among Men with Pedophilia?. Arch Sex Behav 47, 375–387 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-1042-1]

== Maps and therapy ==
=== "Therapy for maps involves rejecting and/or changing the attraction" ===

'''TL;DR: Mapness is immutable and cannot be changed by therapy. Good quality therapy offered to maps is centered around self acceptance.'''

"There are no compelling data to suggest that pedophiles might be converted into teleiophiles(persons with a primary sexual interest in adults). Multiple types of interventions have been attempted, including sex-drive-reducing medications and talk therapies informed by any of many theoretical orientations. Although there exist authors who have claimed that their interventions changed their clients’ fundamental sexual interests (e.g., Fedoroff, 1988, 1992), such reports do not include comparison groups, long-term follow-up, or any validated, objective measure to verify the claims of successful change."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287225339_Gold-star_pedophiles_in_general_sex_therapy_practice Cantor, James. (2014). "Gold-star" pedophiles in general sex therapy practice.]

"The (im)mutability of pedophilia is a key aspect of helping non-offending pedophiles manage their sexual arousal and to refrain from offending. The accrual of empirical data exploring this issue is central to understanding and providing treatment to non-offending pedophiles: If pedophilia is immutable, then treatments for these individuals need basically to focus on coping with and managing pedophilic interests while leading a meaningful and fulfilling life and not on changing the person’s basic orientation. Whereas some authors have claimed that pedophilic interests may remit [11, 12], reanalysis of these data and methodological and statistical issues identified by other authors suggest that no such changes in orientation actually occurred [13–16]. <...> Professionals helped some of these men accept their pedophilic interests by separating their sexual attraction from their sexual behavior and by managing their sense of selves (e.g., distancing themselves from stories of “child rapists” [25•, p. 8]). Engaging with other pedophilic individuals helped these men see that others with their interests were able to avoid offending, which brought a sense of hope. Having other social supports that knew about their interests helped because their supports could help them maintain boundaries with children, challenge potentially distorted thinking, and provide them with feedback regarding their behavior with children."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z Cantor, J. M., & McPhail, I. V. (2016). Non-offending Pedophiles. Current Sexual Health Reports, 8(3), 121–128. doi:10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z]

"The preferred model of treatment is LGBT affirmative psychotherapy, which treats sexual feelings as innate, unchangeable and subject to personal acceptance. The American Psychological Association provides guidelines on its website (see below). Applied to the minor-attracted person, affirmative therapy separates sexual orientation from its expression, emphasizing acceptance and personal growth. This in no way endorses sexual contact between adults and minors."

[https://www.b4uact.org/for-therapists/psychotherapy-for-the-map/ B4U-ACT guide Psychotherapy for Minor-Attracted Persons]

"The primary aims of these approaches can be summarized as follows:
1. To accept MAPs’ sexual orientation as stable and unlikely to change;
2. To help MAP patients learn to live with their sexual feelings in a healthy way, most importantly without engaging in behavior that is illegal and/or harmful to children;
3. To help patients develop self-acceptance via a positive but realistic self-concept, without resorting to cognitions that rationalize and normalize adult–child sexual activity in a maladaptive strategy to protect self-esteem; and
4. To help patients learn to cope adaptively with the intense societal stigma against MAPs."
[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330635952_Correlates_of_Chronic_Suicidal_Ideation_Among_Community-Based_Minor-Attracted_Persons Cohen, Lisa & Wilman-Depena, Sherilyn & Barzilay, Shira & Hawes, Mariah & Yaseen, Zimri & Galynker, Igor. (2019). Correlates of Chronic Suicidal Ideation Among Community-Based Minor-Attracted Persons. Sexual Abuse. 32. 107906321982586. 10.1177/1079063219825868.]

"On the contrary, an emergent body of work with community-based MAPs discusses the successful use of masturbatory fantasies as a coping mechanism, with this acting as a healthy sexual outlet that causes no direct harm to minors (e.g., Bailey, Bernhard, & Hsu, Citation2016; Dymond & Duff, Citation2020; Harper & Lievesley, Citation2022; Houtepen et al., Citation2016). Indeed, the achievement of sexual satisfaction is seen by some theorists as a primary human good, with its attainment being associated with a reduction in the likelihood that somebody will go on to commit a sexual offense (Ward & Marshall, Citation2004). As such there may be ethical and practical discussions to be had between MAPs and treatment providers in relation to the most effective ways to help service users to accept their sexual attractions as a pattern of arousal that is potentially unchangeable over time, and to work with them to develop effective ways of reducing sexual frustration and achieving sexual satisfaction in ways that do not create victims of child sexual exploitation and abuse."

[https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0092623X.2022.2149437#abstract Lievesley, R., Harper, C. A., Swaby, H., & Woodward, E. (2022). Identifying and working with appropriate treatment targets with people who are sexually attracted to children. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 49(5), 497–516. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2022.2149437]

=== "Maps don’t want to seek help" ===

'''TL;DR: Most maps would be interested in accessing therapy, yet there are barriers in place.'''

"A nonrandom, purposive sample of MAPs ( n = 293, 154 completed all questions) was recruited via an online survey. Results show that 75% of participants did seek formal help from a professional; however, just less than half of them found the experience to be helpful."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327474958_Preventing_Sexual_Abuse_Perspectives_of_Minor-Attracted_Persons_About_Seeking_Help Levenson, Jill & Grady, Melissa. (2018). Preventing Sexual Abuse: Perspectives of Minor-Attracted Persons About Seeking Help. Sexual abuse : a journal of research and treatment. 31. 1079063218797713. 10.1177/1079063218797713.]

"Over half had wanted to see a mental health professional at some time but did not do so due to fear that a professional would react negatively, report them to others, or lack necessary knowledge."

[https://www.b4uact.org/research/survey-results/spring-2011-survey/ B4U-ACT survey results]

24% clinicians would report a map client to law enforcement in absence of any indication of offense, 11.7% would report in absence of indication of offense and in absence of interactions with children.

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349992064_Mandatory_Reporting_and_Clinician_Decision-Making_when_a_Client_Discloses_Sexual_Interest_in_Children Stephens, Skye & McPhail, Ian & Heasman, Ainslie & Moss, Sarah. (2021). Mandatory Reporting and Clinician Decision-Making When a Client Discloses Sexual Interest in Children. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement. 53. 10.1037/cbs0000247.]

== Map demographics and society ==
=== "All maps are men" ===

'''TL;DR: While mapness is mostly known to the public through male maps, a statistically significant number of maps is women and nonbinary people.'''

"In a self-selected sample recruited online and through radio and newspaper advertisement (n = 1516; 52.7 % female), 1.8 % of the male and 0.8 % of the female respondents to an online, revised version of the Wilson Sex Fantasy Questionnaire reported ever having fantasies involving sex with a child under the age of 12 years [3]."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z Cantor, J. M., & McPhail, I. V. (2016). Non-offending Pedophiles. Current Sexual Health Reports, 8(3), 121–128. doi:10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z ]

"The current body of the literature studying minor-attracted persons (MAPs) predominantly focuses on the experiences of men who experience sexual attractions to children. To shed more light on the experiences of women within this population, we conducted anonymous semi-structured interviews with six self-identified female MAPs, who were recruited through online support forums for individuals with sexual attractions to children. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to analyze the interview transcripts. Two superordinate themes were identified from the dataset that highlighted the uniqueness of the experience of being a woman within the MAP community (“A minority within a minority”) and themes of social isolation and the effects of this on identity (“A lonely secret existence”). The findings reported here highlight how the experiences of female MAPs both converge with and diverge from their male counterparts in important ways. We discuss the implications of these experiences in relation to more effective service provision for women who are sexually attracted to children."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8888496/ Lievesley, R., & Lapworth, R. (2022). "We Do Exist": The Experiences of Women Living with a Sexual Interest in Minors. Archives of sexual behavior, 51(2), 879–896. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-021-02160-z]

"Regarding women, little research is available about the prevalence of sexual interest in children. Early studies asking women about their sexual interest in children revealed prevalence rates ranging from 1 to 4%. <...> Among the total sample, the proportion of women who reported having sexual fantasies involving prepubescent children (n = 98 [7%], general websites: n = 92 [6.8%], SIC websites: n = 6 [11.1%]) was slightly smaller than the proportion of women who reported having sexual fantasies involving pubescent children (n = 136 [9.6%], general websites: n = 129 [9.5%], SIC websites: n = 7 [13.0%]). As the overlapping group among these 2 variables only included 54 women who reported on having sexual fantasies involving both prepubescent and pubescent children, the proportion of women among the total sample who indicated having sexual fantasies involving any children (ie, girls or boys at Tanner stage 1 or 2) reached 12.7% (n = 180, general websites: n = 173 [12.7%], SIC websites: n = 7 [13.0%]; Table 2)."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339794031_Sexual_Interest_in_Children_Among_Women_in_Two_Nonclinical_and_Nonrepresentative_Online_Samples Tozdan, Safiye & Dekker, Arne & Neutze, Janina & Santtila, Pekka & Briken, Peer. (2020). Sexual Interest in Children Among Women in Two Nonclinical and Nonrepresentative Online Samples. Sexual Medicine. 8. 10.1016/j.esxm.2020.01.007.]

According to polls, conducted regularly over the span of 6 years on the map communities of Tumblr, Twitter, and fediverse, around one in three maps in these spaces is nonbinary.

[https://wierstamann.net/2023/03/20/maps-lgbt-and-strategic-erasure/ Maps, LGBT, and strategic erasure]

[https://wierstamann.net/2024/08/09/map-community-demographics-2024/ Map community demographics 2024]

=== "Minors can’t be maps" ===

'''TL;DR: Most maps realize they are attracted to significantly younger teenagers and children in teenagehood, and these attractions persist throughout life.'''

"On average, participants recalled that they first realized their attraction to children ages 14 and younger at age 14.24 years (SD 5.36). They began to suspect that this attraction was unusual, compared with peers, at age 16.11 (SD 5.24). They knew their attraction was unusual at age 18.12 (SD 5.89). Only 2.5% met these milestones later than 29.73, 30, and 35 years, respectively. These ages did not differ significantly across the different age preference groups. <...> Because the average age of participants was 33.66, this implies that their attraction to children has persisted for an average of 19.42 (i.e., 33.66 – 14.24) years, representing more than half their lives, and their entire adulthoods."

[https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000212 Bailey, J. M., Hsu, K. J., & Bernhard, P. A. (2016). An Internet study of men sexually attracted to children: Sexual attraction patterns. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(7), 976–988. doi:10.1037/abn0000212]

Most common age of first realization is 14.

[https://www.b4uact.org/research/survey-results/youth-suicidality-and-seeking-care/ B4U-ACT survey results]

"The study reveals that minor-attracted people become aware of their sexuality at an early age, experience stress caused by real or perceived societal rejection, and encounter both positive and negative reactions upon disclosing their identities. The conclusion underscores the need for a new approach to dealing with minor-attraction in contemporary Western society. I offer eight recommendations for instituting a strategy which incorporates empathy, education, and anti-discrimination measures."

[https://summit.sfu.ca/item/13798 Freimond, C.M. (2013). Navigating the Stigma of Pedophilia: The Experiences of Nine Minor-Attracted Men in Canada.]

The most common age to realize you're a map (attracted to much younger youth) is 13-15, realization in adulthood is rare.

[https://enderphile.wordpress.com/2018/09/11/growing-up-a-pedophile/ Growing Up A Pedophile]

=== "Maps have brain matter anomalies and impulse control issues" ===

'''TL;DR: This stereotype, emerging from early research conducted solely on sex offenders, has been debunked when non-offending maps were studied.'''

"Neurobehavioral models of pedophilia and child sexual offending suggest a pattern of temporal and in particular prefrontal disturbances leading to inappropriate behavioral control and subsequently an increased propensity to sexually offend against children. However, clear empirical evidence for such mechanisms is still missing. Using a go/nogo paradigm in combination with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) we compared behavioral performance and neural response patterns among three groups of men matched for age and IQ: pedophiles with (N = 40) and without (N = 37) a history of hands-on sexual offences against children as well as healthy non-offending controls (N = 40). As compared to offending pedophiles, non-offending pedophiles exhibited superior inhibitory control as reflected by significantly lower rate of commission errors. Group-by-condition interaction analysis also revealed inhibition-related activation in the left posterior cingulate and the left superior frontal cortex that distinguished between offending and non-offending pedophiles, while no significant differences were found between pedophiles and healthy controls. Both areas showing distinct activation pattern among pedophiles play a critical role in linking neural networks that relate to effective cognitive functioning. Data therefore suggest that heightened inhibition-related recruitment of these areas as well as decreased amount of commission errors is related to better inhibitory control in pedophiles who successfully avoid committing hands-on sexual offences against children. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1092–1104, 2017."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27767244/ Kärgel, C., Massau, C., Weiß, S., Walter, M., Borchardt, V., Krueger, T. H., Tenbergen, G., Kneer, J., Wittfoth, M., Pohl, A., Gerwinn, H., Ponseti, J., Amelung, T., Beier, K. M., Mohnke, S., Walter, H., & Schiffer, B. (2017). Evidence for superior neurobiological and behavioral inhibitory control abilities in non-offending as compared to offending pedophiles. Human brain mapping, 38(2), 1092–1104. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.23443]

"Our results are the first to demonstrate that executive dysfunctions are related to offense status rather than pedophilic preference."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28511726/ Massau, C., Tenbergen, G., Kärgel, C., Weiß, S., Gerwinn, H., Pohl, A., Amelung, T., Mohnke, S., Kneer, J., Wittfoth, M., Ristow, I., Schiltz, K., Beier, K. M., Ponseti, J., Walter, M., Kruger, T. H. C., Walter, H., & Schiffer, B. (2017). Executive Functioning in Pedophilia and Child Sexual Offending. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 23(6), 460–470. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617717000315]

"Consistent with the conceptualization of the DSM-5, which specifies CSO as most the prominent criterion that differentiates pedophilia from pedophilic disorder, there were no significant differences between the GM volumes of the non-offending pedophiles and the teleiophilic controls. In contrast, the pedophiles who had engaged in CSO showed a significantly reduced relative GM volume in the right TP compared with pedophiles who did not. This difference was not attributable to age, level of education, IQ, sexual orientation, drug misuse/dependence, other Axis I or II disorders or general criminality."

[https://www.nature.com/articles/tp201796 Schiffer, B., Amelung, T., Pohl, A. et al. Gray matter anomalies in pedophiles with and without a history of child sexual offending. Transl Psychiatry 7, e1129 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/tp.2017.96 ]

"In line with our expectations, pedohebephilic men in our sample were considerably more likely to be introverted and less emotionally stable compared to nonpedohebephilic controls but not more or less likely to be impulsive, agreeable, or open.<...> Among all personality domains, introversion and neuroticism are also the ones that are most likely to be affected by stigma.<...> In the general population, there still exists an image of pedophilic men as highly unstable, impulsive, unpleasant, and antisocial (McCartan, 2010). This image is linked to stigmatizing assumptions like the idea that pedophilic men are monsters unable and unwilling to control their sexual urges (Houtepen, Sijtsema, & Bogaerts, 2016; Jahnke, 2018). Therefore, it is of high importance to rigorously test such expectations, and, if disproven, correct them."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1080/19317611.2019.1609641 Jahnke, S., Schmitt, S., Geradt, M., & Hoyer, J. (2019). Big Five Personality Factors Among Men With a Sexual Interest in Children. International Journal of Sexual Health, 1–6. doi:10.1080/19317611.2019.1609641]

=== "Maps can't be queer" ===
'''TL;DR: While maps can be heterosexual or cisgender, many still share some kind of a queer identity, and maps are more likely to be queer than the general population.'''

"Participants showed a range of uses of queer-spectrum identity labels during interviews. While many, especially those attracted to the same or multiple genders, used "queer," "gay," "lesbian," or "bisexual" to describe themselves, and the majority of participants referred to their attractions as a sexual orientation, some individuals who used these terms felt guilt over doing so because of a belief that associating minor-attracted individuals with other queer groups would be harmful to those other queer communities."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1080/00918369.2019.1613856 Walker, A. (2019). “I’m Not like That, So Am I Gay?” The Use of Queer-Spectrum Identity Labels Among Minor-Attracted People. Journal of Homosexuality, 1–24. doi:10.1080/00918369.2019.1613856]

"An estimated 2 to 4% of teleiophilic men prefer men (Hall & Hall, 2007). Conversely, an estimated 9 to 40% of men with pedohebephilia have a preferential attraction to boys (Hall & Hall, 2007). <...> A quarter of the participants were exclusively boy-attracted (26.8%, n=82/306), half were boy-and-girl-attracted (48.4%; n = 148/306), and another quarter were exclusively girl-attracted (24.8%, n=76/306)."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9 Martijn, F. M., Babchishin, K. M., Pullman, L. E., & Seto, M. C. (2020). Sexual Attraction and Falling in Love in Persons with Pedohebephilia. Archives of Sexual Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9]

[[Category:Additional materials]]
[[Category:English]]

File:2025 para calendar.png

2025-01-02T20:30:33Z

Lecter: Category:Important graphics

== Summary ==
[[Category:Important graphics]]

Map fediverse

2025-01-02T04:43:16Z

Lecter: /* cub.lol */

'''Map fediverse'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fediverse Fediverse], Wikipedia</ref> (also called '''pediverse''' or '''pedi''') is a network of communicating social media sites made by maps and for maps.
== History ==
The first map fediverse instance that we know of was called phenomenal.masto.host (a pun of the [[Uncommon MAP identities#Phen | phen]] identity). It was launched in 2019 by an ex member of the Tumblr map community and shut down a few months later due to anxiety around antis and security.

In May 2020 nnia.space was created by Alice together with Lecter, a former member of phenomenal. nnia.space became the foundation of what is now known as map fediverse, after more instances, created by former nnia members, branched off from it.
== List of current instances ==
=== nnia.space ===
nnia.space was co-founded by Lecter and Alice in May 2020 and became the starting point of map fediverse. This instance has anti bigotry rules, does not permit NSFW images and arguments in defense of the pro-contact stance.
=== nnia.cc ===
nnia.cc is a daughter instance of [[#nnia.space|nnia.space]], created as a back up in autumn of 2023. It has the same rules, but is not connected to other instances and has a more private atmosphere.
=== mapsupport.de ===
This instance was made by Consuela in March 2023. It has German-speaking and English-speaking users.
=== paravielfalt.zone ===
This is an anti-c instance, made by Sirius in September 2023. The name is a play on the words "paraphilia" and "Vielfalt", the German word for diversity. While the instance is primarily for German-speaking people it also accepts registrations from English-speaking members.
=== rape.pet ===
=== fedi.yesmap.net ===
The official [[Newgon]] instance, launched in spring of 2024 after shutdown of their Matrix server. Many other map instances defederated it due to hostile interaction with a nazi member and threats.
=== love.is.notacri.me ===
=== cunnyfu.cc ===
This instance was made in August 2024 by Zeke. He created it as a space to let people be themselves.
=== minor.cafe ===
The successor to cub.lol, ran by Lucky, Rain, and Ulith.

=== eepy.express ===
The successor to imouto.cafe.

== List of inactive instances ==
=== phenomenal.masto.host ===
Launched in 2019 by an ex member of map Tumblr, this was the first known map Mastodon instance. It never gained publicity and was shut down by the admin after a couple of months.
=== dlf.social ===
This instance was run by a pro-contact Twitter activist Rel. It was created in 2020, a couple of weeks after [[#nnia.space|nnia.space]], and existed for a brief period of time.
=== pedo.house ===
This instance was made early into map fediverse' development by a member of nnia and suspended by providers after mass reports from antis.
=== pedo.school ===
Made after the suspension of [[#pedo.house|pedo.house]] by the same admin. It was unavailable for a long time due to problems with domain transfer ([https://njal.la/ Njalla] soft-suspended the domain) and later co-existed with freak.university as an almost inactive backup.
=== freak.university ===
freak.university, the third iteration of pedo.school, was the longest-living instance in a series of vaguely school-themed map instances. It had an anti-bigotry policy, similar to [[#nnia.space|nnia]], but allowed NSFW posts and pro-contact advocacy.
=== youjo.love ===
youjo.love was first made in summer of 2021 by a former member of map Twitter, Chizu. This site had much more lax content policy than [[#nnia.space|nnia]] or [[#freak.university|freak.university]] and allowed several openly fascist or transphobic members. At some point it was actively used by Newgon administration and members. After its domain suspension in autumn 2023, it lost most of its users, but retained partial functionality.
=== hentai.baby ===
Created as a kodocon sharing instance, and eventually grew to hold many biastophiles and nepiophiles. Suspended (<code>serverHold</code>) by the [https://gen.xyz/ XYZ registry], which considers lolicon to violate their policy of [https://nic.xyz/downloads/xyz-registry-domain-name-policies.pdf?v=2.0 "child pornography or any images of child abuse" (PDF link)]
=== rapemeat.shop ===
Created as a successor to [[#hentai.baby|hentai.baby]] by the same admin, suspended (<code>serverHold</code>) by the [https://get.shop/ GMO registry], which deemed lolicon unacceptable "even by ''[sic]'' drawing".
=== rapemeat.solutions ===
=== rapemeat.express ===
=== rapemeat.st ===
=== youjo.observer ===
This site briefly served as a replacement after [[#youjo.love|youjo.love]]'s domain suspension, but similarly went down within a couple of months.
=== childpawn.shop ===
=== cunny.finance ===
=== lolison.top ===
This instance was made in the end of 2021 - beginning of 2022 by a former member of childpawn.shop/cunny.finance, Marder. Eventually it started experiencing a range of technical issues and was shut down in the end of 2023. Later its domain redirected to [[#cute.lolison.top|cute.lolison.top]].
=== lolison.network ===
A backup for [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]], created as a temporary solution while the original site was malfunctioning. It has been suspended in May 2024 by their domain provider (Epik) after reports of illegal content.
=== cute.lolison.top ===
The newest iteration of [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]], made after the old site's shutdown and suspended simultaneously with lolison.network.
=== ghetti.monster ===
Spaghettimon's private instance, suspended simultaneously with [[#lolison.network|lolison.network]] as the domain was also owned by Marder.
=== childlove.space ===
This instance launched the day [[#youjo.love|youjo.love]] had its domain suspended. It was created and moderated with participation of Newgon members. It was advertised as a free speech space and quickly attracted Nazis, who the administration refused to ban despite multiple complaints. In addition to that, some members used it to post CSEM. The instance went down after a short spike of activity.
=== childlove.su ===
This site was meant to serve as a continuation of [[#childlove.space|childlove.space]], but inherited all of its problems and did not stay up for long.
=== childlove.top ===
The third site in the series started by [[#childlove.space|childlove.space]], created in July 2024. It featured Nazi dogwhistles right on the main page. It has been taken offline by late August 2024 for unknown reasons.
=== tooters.fun ===
=== offkey.cat ===
This instance, primarily intended for para art, was made by Ezra in mid autumn 2023 and suspended by the domain provider in December 2023 due to mass reports from antis.
=== oddballs.online ===
This was a successor of [[#offkey.cat|offkey.cat]], launched by Ezra in the beginning of 2024. It has been at the center of attention of Twitter and Telegram antis for multiple months after the launch. Eventually repeated DDOS attacks have caused its admin to shut it down in August 2024.
=== sing.offkey.wtf ===
This was an activism-focused branch of [[#oddballs.online|oddballs.online]].
=== clown.university ===
=== cutecatgirls.cafe ===
This instance was made in June 2024 by Lucky, intended as a pro-contact youth-lib aligned AAM safe space. This also marks the first youth-made and operated MAP Fediverse instance. The site's lifetime ran until June 28th, 2024 due to extensive drama and the owner's withdrawal from Fediverse over the span of a few days, and was succeeded by [[#miiverse.cafe|miiverse.cafe]] on July 1st, 2024.
=== imouto.pics ===
Created by Rachel as a spiritual successor to [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]] in May 2024, suspended in July 2024 by the .XYZ registry. Note that although the [https://icannwiki.org/.pics ICANN wiki] lists the registry as Uniregistry, WHOIS data lists .pics as being owned by the [https://gen.xyz/ XYZ registry], which also lists .pics as owned by them.
=== imouto.exposed ===
Created by Rachel in July 2024 as a successor to [[#imouto.pics|imouto.pics]]. Suspended 2024-08-23 by the Identity Digital registry (<code>serverHold</code>).
=== miiverse.cafe ===
This instance was made in July 2024 by Lucky, intended as a spiritual successor to [[#cutecatgirls.cafe|cutecatgirls.cafe]], sharing the same fundamental values as its' predecessor from June. Miiverse was temporarily defederated by a large majority of MAP Fediverse instances due to aforementioned drama. Miiverse.cafe was shut down on August 27th, 2024, and succeeded by [[#kodo.pictures|kodo.pictures]].
=== cannibal.cafe ===
=== tummy.town ===
This instance was made by Luwa in 2023. It iwas advertised as a space for chronologically adult maps and other minorities.
=== cub.lol ===
This instance was created by Lucky, Rain, and Ulith in August of 2024. It was originally put into the works on August 15th, 2024 before becoming open to the public on August 22nd, 2024. It was eventually shut down but was succeeded by minor.cafe.

=== kodo.pictures ===
Created by Lucky as yet another succession in August of 2024, shut down on October 5th, 2024. After over a month of consistent uptime, the admin spoke up about their mental health being severely affected by administration, and posted a shutdown notice on October 3rd, 2024.

== References ==
[[Category:Original pages]]
[[Category:English]]

Map fediverse

2025-01-02T04:41:12Z

Lecter: /* minor.cafe */

'''Map fediverse'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fediverse Fediverse], Wikipedia</ref> (also called '''pediverse''' or '''pedi''') is a network of communicating social media sites made by maps and for maps.
== History ==
The first map fediverse instance that we know of was called phenomenal.masto.host (a pun of the [[Uncommon MAP identities#Phen | phen]] identity). It was launched in 2019 by an ex member of the Tumblr map community and shut down a few months later due to anxiety around antis and security.

In May 2020 nnia.space was created by Alice together with Lecter, a former member of phenomenal. nnia.space became the foundation of what is now known as map fediverse, after more instances, created by former nnia members, branched off from it.
== List of current instances ==
=== nnia.space ===
nnia.space was co-founded by Lecter and Alice in May 2020 and became the starting point of map fediverse. This instance has anti bigotry rules, does not permit NSFW images and arguments in defense of the pro-contact stance.
=== nnia.cc ===
nnia.cc is a daughter instance of [[#nnia.space|nnia.space]], created as a back up in autumn of 2023. It has the same rules, but is not connected to other instances and has a more private atmosphere.
=== mapsupport.de ===
This instance was made by Consuela in March 2023. It has German-speaking and English-speaking users.
=== paravielfalt.zone ===
This is an anti-c instance, made by Sirius in September 2023. The name is a play on the words "paraphilia" and "Vielfalt", the German word for diversity. While the instance is primarily for German-speaking people it also accepts registrations from English-speaking members.
=== rape.pet ===
=== fedi.yesmap.net ===
The official [[Newgon]] instance, launched in spring of 2024 after shutdown of their Matrix server. Many other map instances defederated it due to hostile interaction with a nazi member and threats.
=== love.is.notacri.me ===
=== cunnyfu.cc ===
This instance was made in August 2024 by Zeke. He created it as a space to let people be themselves.
=== minor.cafe ===
The successor to cub.lol, ran by Lucky, Rain, and Ulith.

=== eepy.express ===
The successor to imouto.cafe.

== List of inactive instances ==
=== phenomenal.masto.host ===
Launched in 2019 by an ex member of map Tumblr, this was the first known map Mastodon instance. It never gained publicity and was shut down by the admin after a couple of months.
=== dlf.social ===
This instance was run by a pro-contact Twitter activist Rel. It was created in 2020, a couple of weeks after [[#nnia.space|nnia.space]], and existed for a brief period of time.
=== pedo.house ===
This instance was made early into map fediverse' development by a member of nnia and suspended by providers after mass reports from antis.
=== pedo.school ===
Made after the suspension of [[#pedo.house|pedo.house]] by the same admin. It was unavailable for a long time due to problems with domain transfer ([https://njal.la/ Njalla] soft-suspended the domain) and later co-existed with freak.university as an almost inactive backup.
=== freak.university ===
freak.university, the third iteration of pedo.school, was the longest-living instance in a series of vaguely school-themed map instances. It had an anti-bigotry policy, similar to [[#nnia.space|nnia]], but allowed NSFW posts and pro-contact advocacy.
=== youjo.love ===
youjo.love was first made in summer of 2021 by a former member of map Twitter, Chizu. This site had much more lax content policy than [[#nnia.space|nnia]] or [[#freak.university|freak.university]] and allowed several openly fascist or transphobic members. At some point it was actively used by Newgon administration and members. After its domain suspension in autumn 2023, it lost most of its users, but retained partial functionality.
=== hentai.baby ===
Created as a kodocon sharing instance, and eventually grew to hold many biastophiles and nepiophiles. Suspended (<code>serverHold</code>) by the [https://gen.xyz/ XYZ registry], which considers lolicon to violate their policy of [https://nic.xyz/downloads/xyz-registry-domain-name-policies.pdf?v=2.0 "child pornography or any images of child abuse" (PDF link)]
=== rapemeat.shop ===
Created as a successor to [[#hentai.baby|hentai.baby]] by the same admin, suspended (<code>serverHold</code>) by the [https://get.shop/ GMO registry], which deemed lolicon unacceptable "even by ''[sic]'' drawing".
=== rapemeat.solutions ===
=== rapemeat.express ===
=== rapemeat.st ===
=== youjo.observer ===
This site briefly served as a replacement after [[#youjo.love|youjo.love]]'s domain suspension, but similarly went down within a couple of months.
=== childpawn.shop ===
=== cunny.finance ===
=== lolison.top ===
This instance was made in the end of 2021 - beginning of 2022 by a former member of childpawn.shop/cunny.finance, Marder. Eventually it started experiencing a range of technical issues and was shut down in the end of 2023. Later its domain redirected to [[#cute.lolison.top|cute.lolison.top]].
=== lolison.network ===
A backup for [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]], created as a temporary solution while the original site was malfunctioning. It has been suspended in May 2024 by their domain provider (Epik) after reports of illegal content.
=== cute.lolison.top ===
The newest iteration of [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]], made after the old site's shutdown and suspended simultaneously with lolison.network.
=== ghetti.monster ===
Spaghettimon's private instance, suspended simultaneously with [[#lolison.network|lolison.network]] as the domain was also owned by Marder.
=== childlove.space ===
This instance launched the day [[#youjo.love|youjo.love]] had its domain suspended. It was created and moderated with participation of Newgon members. It was advertised as a free speech space and quickly attracted Nazis, who the administration refused to ban despite multiple complaints. In addition to that, some members used it to post CSEM. The instance went down after a short spike of activity.
=== childlove.su ===
This site was meant to serve as a continuation of [[#childlove.space|childlove.space]], but inherited all of its problems and did not stay up for long.
=== childlove.top ===
The third site in the series started by [[#childlove.space|childlove.space]], created in July 2024. It featured Nazi dogwhistles right on the main page. It has been taken offline by late August 2024 for unknown reasons.
=== tooters.fun ===
=== offkey.cat ===
This instance, primarily intended for para art, was made by Ezra in mid autumn 2023 and suspended by the domain provider in December 2023 due to mass reports from antis.
=== oddballs.online ===
This was a successor of [[#offkey.cat|offkey.cat]], launched by Ezra in the beginning of 2024. It has been at the center of attention of Twitter and Telegram antis for multiple months after the launch. Eventually repeated DDOS attacks have caused its admin to shut it down in August 2024.
=== sing.offkey.wtf ===
This was an activism-focused branch of [[#oddballs.online|oddballs.online]].
=== clown.university ===
=== cutecatgirls.cafe ===
This instance was made in June 2024 by Lucky, intended as a pro-contact youth-lib aligned AAM safe space. This also marks the first youth-made and operated MAP Fediverse instance. The site's lifetime ran until June 28th, 2024 due to extensive drama and the owner's withdrawal from Fediverse over the span of a few days, and was succeeded by [[#miiverse.cafe|miiverse.cafe]] on July 1st, 2024.
=== imouto.pics ===
Created by Rachel as a spiritual successor to [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]] in May 2024, suspended in July 2024 by the .XYZ registry. Note that although the [https://icannwiki.org/.pics ICANN wiki] lists the registry as Uniregistry, WHOIS data lists .pics as being owned by the [https://gen.xyz/ XYZ registry], which also lists .pics as owned by them.
=== imouto.exposed ===
Created by Rachel in July 2024 as a successor to [[#imouto.pics|imouto.pics]]. Suspended 2024-08-23 by the Identity Digital registry (<code>serverHold</code>).
=== miiverse.cafe ===
This instance was made in July 2024 by Lucky, intended as a spiritual successor to [[#cutecatgirls.cafe|cutecatgirls.cafe]], sharing the same fundamental values as its' predecessor from June. Miiverse was temporarily defederated by a large majority of MAP Fediverse instances due to aforementioned drama. Miiverse.cafe was shut down on August 27th, 2024, and succeeded by [[#kodo.pictures|kodo.pictures]].
=== cannibal.cafe ===
=== tummy.town ===
This instance was made by Luwa in 2023. It iwas advertised as a space for chronologically adult maps and other minorities.
=== cub.lol ===
This instance was created by Rabbit, Lucky, Lily, Rain, and Ulith in August of 2024. It was originally put into the works on August 15th, 2024 before becoming open to the public on August 22nd, 2024. It was eventually shut down but was succeeded by minor.cafe.
=== kodo.pictures ===
Created by Lucky as yet another succession in August of 2024, shut down on October 5th, 2024. After over a month of consistent uptime, the admin spoke up about their mental health being severely affected by administration, and posted a shutdown notice on October 3rd, 2024.

== References ==
[[Category:Original pages]]
[[Category:English]]

Map fediverse

2025-01-02T03:20:34Z

Lecter: /* minor.cafe */

'''Map fediverse'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fediverse Fediverse], Wikipedia</ref> (also called '''pediverse''' or '''pedi''') is a network of communicating social media sites made by maps and for maps.
== History ==
The first map fediverse instance that we know of was called phenomenal.masto.host (a pun of the [[Uncommon MAP identities#Phen | phen]] identity). It was launched in 2019 by an ex member of the Tumblr map community and shut down a few months later due to anxiety around antis and security.

In May 2020 nnia.space was created by Alice together with Lecter, a former member of phenomenal. nnia.space became the foundation of what is now known as map fediverse, after more instances, created by former nnia members, branched off from it.
== List of current instances ==
=== nnia.space ===
nnia.space was co-founded by Lecter and Alice in May 2020 and became the starting point of map fediverse. This instance has anti bigotry rules, does not permit NSFW images and arguments in defense of the pro-contact stance.
=== nnia.cc ===
nnia.cc is a daughter instance of [[#nnia.space|nnia.space]], created as a back up in autumn of 2023. It has the same rules, but is not connected to other instances and has a more private atmosphere.
=== mapsupport.de ===
This instance was made by Consuela in March 2023. It has German-speaking and English-speaking users.
=== paravielfalt.zone ===
This is an anti-c instance, made by Sirius in September 2023. The name is a play on the words "paraphilia" and "Vielfalt", the German word for diversity. While the instance is primarily for German-speaking people it also accepts registrations from English-speaking members.
=== rape.pet ===
=== fedi.yesmap.net ===
The official [[Newgon]] instance, launched in spring of 2024 after shutdown of their Matrix server. Many other map instances defederated it due to hostile interaction with a nazi member and threats.
=== love.is.notacri.me ===
=== cunnyfu.cc ===
This instance was made in August 2024 by Zeke. He created it as a space to let people be themselves.
=== minor.cafe ===
The successor to cub.lol, ran by Lily, Lucky, Rain, and Ulith.

=== eepy.express ===
The successor to imouto.cafe.

== List of inactive instances ==
=== phenomenal.masto.host ===
Launched in 2019 by an ex member of map Tumblr, this was the first known map Mastodon instance. It never gained publicity and was shut down by the admin after a couple of months.
=== dlf.social ===
This instance was run by a pro-contact Twitter activist Rel. It was created in 2020, a couple of weeks after [[#nnia.space|nnia.space]], and existed for a brief period of time.
=== pedo.house ===
This instance was made early into map fediverse' development by a member of nnia and suspended by providers after mass reports from antis.
=== pedo.school ===
Made after the suspension of [[#pedo.house|pedo.house]] by the same admin. It was unavailable for a long time due to problems with domain transfer ([https://njal.la/ Njalla] soft-suspended the domain) and later co-existed with freak.university as an almost inactive backup.
=== freak.university ===
freak.university, the third iteration of pedo.school, was the longest-living instance in a series of vaguely school-themed map instances. It had an anti-bigotry policy, similar to [[#nnia.space|nnia]], but allowed NSFW posts and pro-contact advocacy.
=== youjo.love ===
youjo.love was first made in summer of 2021 by a former member of map Twitter, Chizu. This site had much more lax content policy than [[#nnia.space|nnia]] or [[#freak.university|freak.university]] and allowed several openly fascist or transphobic members. At some point it was actively used by Newgon administration and members. After its domain suspension in autumn 2023, it lost most of its users, but retained partial functionality.
=== hentai.baby ===
Created as a kodocon sharing instance, and eventually grew to hold many biastophiles and nepiophiles. Suspended (<code>serverHold</code>) by the [https://gen.xyz/ XYZ registry], which considers lolicon to violate their policy of [https://nic.xyz/downloads/xyz-registry-domain-name-policies.pdf?v=2.0 "child pornography or any images of child abuse" (PDF link)]
=== rapemeat.shop ===
Created as a successor to [[#hentai.baby|hentai.baby]] by the same admin, suspended (<code>serverHold</code>) by the [https://get.shop/ GMO registry], which deemed lolicon unacceptable "even by ''[sic]'' drawing".
=== rapemeat.solutions ===
=== rapemeat.express ===
=== rapemeat.st ===
=== youjo.observer ===
This site briefly served as a replacement after [[#youjo.love|youjo.love]]'s domain suspension, but similarly went down within a couple of months.
=== childpawn.shop ===
=== cunny.finance ===
=== lolison.top ===
This instance was made in the end of 2021 - beginning of 2022 by a former member of childpawn.shop/cunny.finance, Marder. Eventually it started experiencing a range of technical issues and was shut down in the end of 2023. Later its domain redirected to [[#cute.lolison.top|cute.lolison.top]].
=== lolison.network ===
A backup for [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]], created as a temporary solution while the original site was malfunctioning. It has been suspended in May 2024 by their domain provider (Epik) after reports of illegal content.
=== cute.lolison.top ===
The newest iteration of [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]], made after the old site's shutdown and suspended simultaneously with lolison.network.
=== ghetti.monster ===
Spaghettimon's private instance, suspended simultaneously with [[#lolison.network|lolison.network]] as the domain was also owned by Marder.
=== childlove.space ===
This instance launched the day [[#youjo.love|youjo.love]] had its domain suspended. It was created and moderated with participation of Newgon members. It was advertised as a free speech space and quickly attracted Nazis, who the administration refused to ban despite multiple complaints. In addition to that, some members used it to post CSEM. The instance went down after a short spike of activity.
=== childlove.su ===
This site was meant to serve as a continuation of [[#childlove.space|childlove.space]], but inherited all of its problems and did not stay up for long.
=== childlove.top ===
The third site in the series started by [[#childlove.space|childlove.space]], created in July 2024. It featured Nazi dogwhistles right on the main page. It has been taken offline by late August 2024 for unknown reasons.
=== tooters.fun ===
=== offkey.cat ===
This instance, primarily intended for para art, was made by Ezra in mid autumn 2023 and suspended by the domain provider in December 2023 due to mass reports from antis.
=== oddballs.online ===
This was a successor of [[#offkey.cat|offkey.cat]], launched by Ezra in the beginning of 2024. It has been at the center of attention of Twitter and Telegram antis for multiple months after the launch. Eventually repeated DDOS attacks have caused its admin to shut it down in August 2024.
=== sing.offkey.wtf ===
This was an activism-focused branch of [[#oddballs.online|oddballs.online]].
=== clown.university ===
=== cutecatgirls.cafe ===
This instance was made in June 2024 by Lucky, intended as a pro-contact youth-lib aligned AAM safe space. This also marks the first youth-made and operated MAP Fediverse instance. The site's lifetime ran until June 28th, 2024 due to extensive drama and the owner's withdrawal from Fediverse over the span of a few days, and was succeeded by [[#miiverse.cafe|miiverse.cafe]] on July 1st, 2024.
=== imouto.pics ===
Created by Rachel as a spiritual successor to [[#lolison.top|lolison.top]] in May 2024, suspended in July 2024 by the .XYZ registry. Note that although the [https://icannwiki.org/.pics ICANN wiki] lists the registry as Uniregistry, WHOIS data lists .pics as being owned by the [https://gen.xyz/ XYZ registry], which also lists .pics as owned by them.
=== imouto.exposed ===
Created by Rachel in July 2024 as a successor to [[#imouto.pics|imouto.pics]]. Suspended 2024-08-23 by the Identity Digital registry (<code>serverHold</code>).
=== miiverse.cafe ===
This instance was made in July 2024 by Lucky, intended as a spiritual successor to [[#cutecatgirls.cafe|cutecatgirls.cafe]], sharing the same fundamental values as its' predecessor from June. Miiverse was temporarily defederated by a large majority of MAP Fediverse instances due to aforementioned drama. Miiverse.cafe was shut down on August 27th, 2024, and succeeded by [[#kodo.pictures|kodo.pictures]].
=== cannibal.cafe ===
=== tummy.town ===
This instance was made by Luwa in 2023. It iwas advertised as a space for chronologically adult maps and other minorities.
=== cub.lol ===
This instance was created by Rabbit, Lucky, Lily, Rain, and Ulith in August of 2024. It was originally put into the works on August 15th, 2024 before becoming open to the public on August 22nd, 2024. It was eventually shut down but was succeeded by minor.cafe.
=== kodo.pictures ===
Created by Lucky as yet another succession in August of 2024, shut down on October 5th, 2024. After over a month of consistent uptime, the admin spoke up about their mental health being severely affected by administration, and posted a shutdown notice on October 3rd, 2024.

== References ==
[[Category:Original pages]]
[[Category:English]]

Common misconceptions about maps

2024-11-13T08:04:39Z

Lecter: /* "Therapy for maps involves rejecting and/or changing the attraction" */

This post is intended to be used as an informative and educational tool by anyone who encounters these misconceptions and wishes to correct them.
== The nature of minor attraction ==
=== "Pedophilia is a mental illness" ===

'''TL;DR: There is a difference between the diagnosis of pedophilic disorder and pedophia, and this difference is acknowledged by professionals.'''

Pedophilia is frequently equated to the diagnosis of pedophilic disorder. In reality, currently both the International Classification of Diseases (maintained by the World Health Organization) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (maintained by the American Psychiatric Association) recognize the difference between having an attraction to children and having a mental disorder.

"If individuals also complain that their sexual attractions or preferences for children are causing marked distress or psychosocial difficulties, they may be diagnosed with pedophilic disorder. However, if they report an absence of feelings of guilt, shame, or anxiety about these impulses and are not functionally limited by their paraphilic impulses (according to self-report, objective assessment, or both), and their self-reported and legally recorded histories indicate that they have never acted on their impulses, then these individuals have a pedophilic sexual interest but not pedophilic disorder."

[https://www.docdroid.net/1TkXiNH/dsm-5-tr-pdf#page=1487 DSM-5-TR, Pedophilic disorder]

"In addition, in order for Pedophilic Disorder to be diagnosed, the individual must have acted on these thoughts, fantasies or urges or be markedly distressed by them."

[https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en#517058174 ICD-11, Pedophilic disorder]

"Pedophilia is defined as an ongoing sexual attraction toward pre-pubertal children (Freund, 1963, 1967; Seto, 2009). In the new DSM-5, pedophilia is de-pathologized by differentiating between the sexual preference for prepubescent children (i.e., pedophilia) and the disorder in case of additional factors. These factors include experiencing significant distress and impairment by fantasies and urges, or the acting out on behavioral level, including child pornography consumption and/or committing hands-on CSA offenses."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4478390/ Tenbergen, G., Wittfoth, M., Frieling, H., Ponseti, J., Walter, M., Walter, H., Beier, K. M., Schiffer, B., & Kruger, T. H. (2015). The Neurobiology and Psychology of Pedophilia: Recent Advances and Challenges. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 9, 344. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00344]

Similar changes were made to diagnoses, related to other paraphilias.

=== "'Map' is a politically correct term made up to normalize pedophilia" ===

'''TL;DR: "Map" is a term that was invented by a journalist and is actively used by researchers and mental health professionals. It is not simply another word for "pedophile", but covers a range of attractions where pedophilia is only one of them: infantophilia, nepiophilia, pedophilia, hebephilia, and, sometimes, ephebophilia. Maps who do fall under the scientific definition of "pedophilia" overwhelmingly tend to accept the pedophile identity.'''

The term "minor attraction" in a construction "minor attracted adults" was first introduced by a non-map journalist Heather Elizabeth Peterson in 1998.

"So what do you think of the term 'minor-attracted adults'? It sounds a bit silly to my ears, but maybe that's just because I hate neologisms. It certainly says what I'm trying to say. It's more accurate than 'child-attracted adult' because there's a lot of dispute over what constitutes a child, and though it does leave teenage boylovers out of the picture, one could always use the term 'minor-attracted person' if one wanted to include them."

[https://map-wiki.com/index.php/Minor/youth_attraction#Minor_attraction_as_a_term Map Wiki, part of H.E. Peterson's message to a map forum on October 19, 1998]

"The discussions of biblical and theological issues associated with pedophilia were brief, the statements did not mention the place of minor-attracted adults in society, and no pastoral guidance was offered to pedophiles who wished to follow church rules."

[https://www.helping-people.info/articles/oxymoron.htm "Not an Oxymoron" by H.E. Peterson, Greenbelt Interfaith News, Philia, December 1998]

The term has since been incorporated by mental health organizations.

"We started using the term MAP around 2007. The late Michael Melsheimer, our co-founder, introduced "minor-attracted person" as an alternative to "minor-attracted adult," to reflect that most MAPs realize these attractions before they are adults themselves."

[https://x.com/B4U_ACT/status/1178872015375290369 B4U-ACT official account on Twitter]

"We use this term to refer to adults who experience feelings of preferential sexual attraction to children or adolescents under the age of consent, as well as adolescents who have such feelings for younger children. It is important to realize that these sexual feelings are usually accompanied by feelings of emotional attraction, similar to the romantic feelings most adults have for other adults."

[https://www.b4uact.org/about-us/faq/ B4U-ACT, FAQ]

In addition to that, "map" has come to cover more than just "pedophile". Pedophilia does not actually mean attraction to anyone under 18, it refers to an attraction to prepubescents.

"Pedophilia is defined clinically as a recurrent, intense sexual attraction to prepubescent children."

[https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2018-33719-002 Seto, M. C. (2018). Defining pedophilia. In M. C Seto, Pedophilia and sexual offending against children: Theory, assessment, and intervention (2nd ed., pp. 9–30). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000107-002]

"In this article, I briefly review research on nepiophilia (infant/toddlers), pedophilia (prepubescent children), hebephilia (pubescent children), ephebophilia (postpubescent, sexually maturing adolescents), teleiophilia (young sexually mature adults, typically 20s and 30s), mesophilia (middle-aged adults, typically 40s and 50s), and gerontophilia (elderly adults, typically 60s and older) in the context of a multidimensional sexual orientations framework."

[https://zero.sci-hub.se/6128/cb925f232cf2f81ab0ab0b1c05257af3/10.1007@s10508-016-0799-y.pdf Seto M. C. (2017). The Puzzle of Male Chronophilias. Archives of sexual behavior, 46(1), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0799-y]

"The phrase “minor attraction” acts as an umbrella term to describe a range of chronophilic orientations. A chronophilia is a distinct type of sexual attraction pattern that varies as a function of the ages of preferred sexual targets (Seto, 2017). The most studied chronophilic category is pedophilia, which is defined as a primary or exclusive sexual attraction to pre-pubertal children, typically between the ages of 3 and 10 years (Blanchard et al., 2009). However, Seto’s (2017) model of chronophilias takes a much broader view and acknowledges that some people may have sexual preferences for younger infants (nepiophilia), pubescent children aged 11–14 years (hebephilia), or older minors who, depending on the legal code of a given jurisdiction, may be below the age of consent (ephebophilia). This latter category is controversial, in that some argue how some level of sexual attraction to post-pubescent minors who are approaching the age of consent is a normative form of sexuality (for a discussion, see Stephens & Seto, 2016). Seto’s (2017) chronophilias continue to encompass attractions to adults of traditional reproductive age (teleiophilia), middle age (mesophilia), and older age (gerontophilia). For the purposes of this paper, we consider “minor attraction” to encompass the nepiophilic, pedophilic, and hebephilic attraction categories."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8888496/ Lievesley, R., & Lapworth, R. (2022). "We Do Exist": The Experiences of Women Living with a Sexual Interest in Minors. Archives of sexual behavior, 51(2), 879–896. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-021-02160-z]

Most pedophiles do not object to being identified as pedophiles and use this label alongside calling themselves maps.

"Overall, quantitative data showed acceptance of “pedophile/hebephile” as well as a range of alternative labels in a personal (Labeling Oneself) and a professional context (Being Labeled by Others). “Minor-attracted person” and “pedophile/hebephile” received generally higher support than other terms and appeared to be least divisive across three major online fora."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/364024544_Pedophile_Child_Lover_or_Minor-Attracted_Person_Attitudes_Toward_Labels_Among_People_Who_are_Sexually_Attracted_to_Children Jahnke, Sara & Blagden, Nicholas & Hill, Laura. (2022). Pedophile, Child Lover, or Minor-Attracted Person? Attitudes Toward Labels Among People Who are Sexually Attracted to Children. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 51. 1-15. 10.1007/s10508-022-02331-6.]

"73% of maps who fit the definition of pedophilia had a positive attitude towards this label, while 23% were neutral and 4% were negative. Among maps who do not fit the definition of pedophilia these numbers were 42%, 45%, and 12% accordingly."

[https://map-wiki.com/index.php/Pedophilia Map Wiki, Pedophilia]

=== "DSM listed pedophilia as a sexual orientation by mistake" ===

'''TL;DR: In 2013 DSM-5 used to refer to pedophilia with words "pedophilic sexual orientation", and after pressure from the public, the phrase was changed to "pedophilic sexual interest". The change was done due to harassment and did not reflect any actual change of opinion among researchers, who still continue exploring it as an orientation.'''

"In the face of significant criticism of its inclusion in the DSM-5, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) has stated its intention to remove the term Pedophilic Sexual Orientation from the diagnostic manual.2 Removing that term in response to public criticism would be a mistake. Experiencing ongoing sexual attractions to prepubescent children is, in essence, a form of sexual orientation, and acknowledging that reality can help to distinguish the mental makeup that is inherent to Pedophilia, from acts of child sexual abuse."

[https://jaapl.org/content/42/4/404 Pedophilia and DSM-5: The Importance of Clearly Defining the Nature of a Pedophilic Disorder, Fred S. Berlin, Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online Dec 2014, 42 (4) 404-407]

"By the above deﬁnition of sexual orientation — and most common deﬁnitions of sexual orientation — pedophilia can be viewed as a sexual age orientation based on the more limited evidence available regarding its age of onset, associations with sexual and romantic behavior, and stability over time. Though there are clearly differences in some respects, there are also striking similarities in the research literature on pedophilia."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6 Seto, M. C. (2012). Is Pedophilia a Sexual Orientation? Archives of Sexual Behavior, 41(1), 231–236. doi:10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6]

=== "Maps do not experience romantic feelings" ===

'''TL;DR: While it is common to depict mapness as solely a sexual "urge", most maps are romantically attracted to children and teenagers in their preferred age range.'''

"The majority (72%) of participants reported they had fallen in love with a child in their lifetime. Participants reported greater feelings of attachment to children than feelings of infatuation. Though sexual attraction and falling in love were strongly correlated, they were not synonymous."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9 Martijn, F. M., Babchishin, K. M., Pullman, L. E., & Seto, M. C. (2020). Sexual Attraction and Falling in Love in Persons with Pedohebephilia. Archives of Sexual Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9]

"Overall, romantic attraction to minors resembles romantic attraction to adults."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39118553/ Levitan, J. A., Martijn, F. M., Santaguida, M., & Seto, M. C. (2024). Minor-Attracted Men's Lived Experiences of Romantic Attraction. Journal of sex & marital therapy, 50(7), 811–824. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2024.2385909]

== Maps and sexual abuse ==
=== "Pedophilia is illegal" ===

'''TL;DR: Pedophilia by itself is not illegal the way child sexual abuse is.'''

"While pedophilia itself does not give rise to criminal liability, acting on it does."

[https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/pedophilia Cornell Law School, Legal Information Institute, Pedophilia]

"Pedophilia is often confused with pedosexuality. Pedosexuality refers to sexual behavior or acts towards children. The distinction is crucial: pedophilia as a sexual preference itself is not illegal; however, engaging in pedosexual acts with minors is."

[https://degroote-deman.be/en/news/from-sensation-to-precision-dgdm-lawyers-demystify-sexual-offenses-child-pornography-pedophilia-and-sexual-abuse-in-the-media/ From Sensation to Precision: DGDM Lawyers Demystify Sexual Offenses, Child Pornography, Pedophilia, and Sexual Abuse in the Media], note: usage of "pedosexuality" to refer to sexual acts with children is specific to several European countries and not universal.

=== "All child molesters are pedophiles" ===

'''TL;DR: Many people mistakenly believe that everyone who sexually abuses children is automatically a pedophile, but in reality most abusers are not pedophiles, since "pedophilia" refers to attraction, not actions.'''

"Not all individuals who sexually assault children are pedophiles. Pedophilia consists of a sexual preference for children that may or may not lead to child sexual abuse (e.g., viewing child pornography), whereas child sexual abuse involves sexual contact with a child that may or may not be due to pedophilia (Camilleri & Quinsey, 2008)."

[https://smart.ojp.gov/somapi/chapter-3-sex-offender-typologies Dominique A. Simons (March 2017). Sex Offender Management Assessment and Planning Initiative. Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking]

"The terms ‘paedophile’ and ‘child sex offender’ are often used interchangeably (Nellis 2009). It is important to understand, however, that the two terms have different meanings; not all child sex offenders are paedophiles and conversely, not all paedophiles are child sex offenders. <...> paedophiles are those individuals who are sexually attracted to young children; these individuals may or may not act on this attraction. Conversely, while some child sex offenders are attracted to children, others may have sexual interest in and/or offend against both children and adults, and/or may act out of opportunity rather than an exclusive sexual interest in children."

[https://www.aic.gov.au/publications/tandi/tandi429 Richards K 2011. Misperceptions about child sex offenders. Trends & issues in crime and criminal justice no. 429. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. https://doi.org/10.52922/ti258908]

In addition to that, people without an attraction to children make up a majority of offenders.

"Those showing no sexual preference disorder, but who, for different reasons, sexually abuse children seeking a surrogate. This group comprises e.g. sexually inexperienced adolescents, mentally retarded persons, those with anti-social personality disorders and perpetrators within general traumatizing family constellations – and accounts for approximately 60% of officially known offenders."

[https://www.praeventionstag.de/dokumentation/download.cms?id=2090 Beier, K.M. (2015). The German Dunkelfeld Project: Proactive Strategies to Prevent Child Sexual Abuse and the Use of Child Abusive Images. Paper presented at the 8th Annual International Forum 2014 within the German Congress on Crime Prevention. Mönchengladbach, DE: Forum Verlag Godesberg GmbH.]

"Are all offenders paedophiles? No. Paedophilia is a stable sexual preference for children. It is one of the so-called ‘paraphilias’ or sexual preferences that differ from what is regarded as normal. Other paraphilias are exhibitionism and necrophilia. As shown in §7.2.1.2, 20% of suspects who undergo a personality assessment are found to have deviant sexual preferences, including preferences other than paedophilia; in other words, 80% do not have deviant sexual preferences."

[https://www.dutchrapporteur.nl/publications/reports/2015/03/19/on-solid-ground-tackling-sexual-violence-against-children-2014 National Rapporteur on Trafficking in Human Beings (2014). On solid ground. Tackling sexual violence against children in the Netherlands. The Hague: National Rapporteur.]

"Only a small part (16,2 %) of sexual offenders against children meet the criteria (DSM-IV-TR) for pedophilia."

[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0924933814777314 D. Kesicky, I. Andre, M. Kesicka, EPA-0284 – Pedophiles and (or) child molesters, European Psychiatry, Volume 29, Supplement 1, 2014, Page 1, ISSN 0924-9338, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-9338(14)77731-4.]

"Despite common misperceptions, pedophilia is neither a necessary nor sufficient precondition for sexual offending against children [5]. In fact, an unknown, but most likely substantial number of people with a sexual preference for children never commit sexual offenses [6], and an estimated 40–60 percent of sexual offenses against children are not committed by people with pedophilic interests [5,7,8,9]."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7460489/ Stelzmann, D., Jahnke, S., & Kuhle, L. F. (2020). Media Coverage of Pedophilia: Benefits and Risks from Healthcare Practitioners' Point of View. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(16), 5739. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165739]

=== "All pedophiles offend" ===

'''TL;DR: Statistics, related to demographics and behavior of maps are still scarce, but it is reasonable to presume that most maps do not commit offenses.'''

87% of map participants did not commit any sexual offenses (infromation from slide 13).

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329544224_Experiences_of_sexual_and_romantic_attraction_to_children_andor_adults_in_persons_with_pedohebephilia_2018 Martijn, Frederica. (2018). Experiences of sexual and romantic attraction to children and/or adults in persons with pedohebephilia (2018).]

"Men reporting that they had been convicted of either viewing child pornography or a sexual contact offense with a child aged 14 or younger comprised 12.2% (145/ 1189) of the sample."

[https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000212 Bailey, J. M., Hsu, K. J., & Bernhard, P. A. (2016). An Internet study of men sexually attracted to children: Sexual attraction patterns. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(7), 976–988. doi:10.1037/abn0000212]

=== "Stigma for maps is beneficial" ===

'''TL;DR: Experts agree that both stigma towards maps in the society and internalized self-hate don't benefit CSA prevention anyhow.'''

"There is an emerging consensus among researchers that having pedophilic interests is not synonymous with child sexual abuse or other amoral behavior. Nevertheless, misconceptions about pedophilia are highly prevalent among the general public and mental health practitioners. <…> We argue that stigmatization of people with pedophilic sexual interests has undesired indirect effects on risk factors for child sexual abuse, particularly on an emotional and social level. Also, fear of being rejected or treated unethically may prevent pedophilic individuals at risk for sexual offending from confiding in medical practitioners or psychotherapists. Psychologists working with pedophilic individuals in forensic or clinical settings should be aware that stigmatizing people with pedophilia may increase their risk of sexual offending, and provide help to deal with potential stigma-related repercussions."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323515098_The_Stigma_of_Pedophilia_Clinical_and_Forensic_Implications Jahnke, Sara. (2018). The Stigma of Pedophilia: Clinical and Forensic Implications. European Psychologist. 23. 144 – 153. 10.1027/1016-9040/a000325.]

"Stigmatization and societal punitiveness about pedophilia have a range of potential consequences, such as the social isolation of people with sexual interest in children, and the formation of policies that are not consistent with empirical research findings. Previous research has shown that people with pedophilic sexual interests use societal thinking to self-stigmatize, which in turn may actually serve to increase their risk of committing a sexual offense."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311545002_Reducing_Stigma_and_Punitive_Attitudes_Toward_Pedophiles_Through_Narrative_Humanization Harper, Craig & Bartels, Ross & Hogue, Todd. (2016). Reducing Stigma and Punitive Attitudes Toward Pedophiles Through Narrative Humanization. Sexual Abuse A Journal of Research and Treatment. 30. 10.1177/1079063216681561.]

"Results revealed that the shame and secrecy resulting from stigma associated with pedophilic interests often prevented our respondents from seeking professional counseling, and only about 20% tried to talk to anyone about their sexual interests prior to their arrest. Barriers to seeking and receiving psychological services included concerns about confidentiality, fears of social and legal consequences, personal shame or confusion about the problem, affordability, and challenges finding competent therapists who were adequately equipped to help them. Understanding and ultimately reducing obstacles to help-seeking can improve the quality of life for people with harmful sexual interests and potentially prevent sexual abuse of children or other vulnerable individuals."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315895306_Obstacles_to_Help-Seeking_for_Sexual_Offenders_Implications_for_Prevention_of_Sexual_Abuse Levenson, Jill & Willis, Gwenda & Vicencio, Claudia. (2017). Obstacles to Help-Seeking for Sexual Offenders: Implications for Prevention of Sexual Abuse. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. 26. 99-120. 10.1080/10538712.2016.1276116.]

"In the general public however, it is to be expected that sexually abusive behavior towards children is often confused with pedophilia as a sexual preference. In the media, people with pedophile or other paraphile interests are often stereotypically portrayed as violent criminals (Diefenbach, 1997; Kitzinger, 2004). The public’s view of sexual offenders is extremely negative (Fortney, Levenson, Brannon, & Baker, 2007). Agreement with the stereotype that pedophilia often or always coincides with child sex offenses is likely to prompt a high degree of discrimination against people with pedophilia, regardless of their actual behavior. This may have a negative impact on the mental health of a person suffering from pedophilia, and unwanted indirect effects on the likelihood of this person seeking therapy when needed. Both potential consequences may, presumably, put children at risk of child sexual abuse."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264231704_Stigmatization_of_People_With_Pedophilia_A_Blind_Spot_in_Stigma_Research Jahnke, Sara & Hoyer, Jürgen. (2013). Stigmatization of People With Pedophilia: A Blind Spot in Stigma Research. International Journal of Sexual Health. 25. 169-184. 10.1080/19317611.2013.795921.]

"For instance, the societal rhetoric about people who abuse children (e.g., “monsters,” “predators,” and “deviants,” along with declarations that they are not amenable to treatment and will inevitably reoffend) is rather damaging to the self-concepts of MAPs, who internalize these stigmatizing perceptions (Buckman et al., 2016; Jahnke, 2018). The shame and secrecy that result from this stigma prevent MAPs from reaching out to find role models, professionals, or confidants who might offer support or advice about how to deal with minor attraction and achieve a satisfying and healthy life (Beier, 2016; Buckman et al., 2016; Piché et al., 2016)."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1177/1079063218797713 Levenson, J. S., & Grady, M. D. (2018). Preventing Sexual Abuse: Perspectives of Minor-Attracted Persons About Seeking Help. Sexual Abuse, 107906321879771. doi:10.1177/1079063218797713]

=== "Communication with children increases risk of offense" ===
'''TL;DR: Communication with children decreases beliefs in acting on the attraction.'''

"Results showed that both increased social and physical contact were significantly linked to fewer legitimizing beliefs toward sex with children, even when controlling for past psychotherapy, educational level, social desirability, and age."

[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-017-1042-1 Geradt, M., Jahnke, S., Heinz, J. et al. Is Contact with Children Related to Legitimizing Beliefs Toward Sex with Children Among Men with Pedophilia?. Arch Sex Behav 47, 375–387 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-1042-1]

== Maps and therapy ==
=== "Therapy for maps involves rejecting and/or changing the attraction" ===

'''TL;DR: Mapness is immutable and cannot be changed by therapy. Good quality therapy offered to maps is centered around self acceptance.'''

"There are no compelling data to suggest that pedophiles might be converted into teleiophiles(persons with a primary sexual interest in adults). Multiple types of interventions have been attempted, including sex-drive-reducing medications and talk therapies informed by any of many theoretical orientations. Although there exist authors who have claimed that their interventions changed their clients’ fundamental sexual interests (e.g., Fedoroff, 1988, 1992), such reports do not include comparison groups, long-term follow-up, or any validated, objective measure to verify the claims of successful change."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287225339_Gold-star_pedophiles_in_general_sex_therapy_practice Cantor, James. (2014). "Gold-star" pedophiles in general sex therapy practice.]

"The (im)mutability of pedophilia is a key aspect of helping non-offending pedophiles manage their sexual arousal and to refrain from offending. The accrual of empirical data exploring this issue is central to understanding and providing treatment to non-offending pedophiles: If pedophilia is immutable, then treatments for these individuals need basically to focus on coping with and managing pedophilic interests while leading a meaningful and fulfilling life and not on changing the person’s basic orientation. Whereas some authors have claimed that pedophilic interests may remit [11, 12], reanalysis of these data and methodological and statistical issues identified by other authors suggest that no such changes in orientation actually occurred [13–16]. <...> Professionals helped some of these men accept their pedophilic interests by separating their sexual attraction from their sexual behavior and by managing their sense of selves (e.g., distancing themselves from stories of “child rapists” [25•, p. 8]). Engaging with other pedophilic individuals helped these men see that others with their interests were able to avoid offending, which brought a sense of hope. Having other social supports that knew about their interests helped because their supports could help them maintain boundaries with children, challenge potentially distorted thinking, and provide them with feedback regarding their behavior with children."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z Cantor, J. M., & McPhail, I. V. (2016). Non-offending Pedophiles. Current Sexual Health Reports, 8(3), 121–128. doi:10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z]

"The preferred model of treatment is LGBT affirmative psychotherapy, which treats sexual feelings as innate, unchangeable and subject to personal acceptance. The American Psychological Association provides guidelines on its website (see below). Applied to the minor-attracted person, affirmative therapy separates sexual orientation from its expression, emphasizing acceptance and personal growth. This in no way endorses sexual contact between adults and minors."

[https://www.b4uact.org/for-therapists/psychotherapy-for-the-map/ B4U-ACT guide Psychotherapy for Minor-Attracted Persons]

"The primary aims of these approaches can be summarized as follows:
1. To accept MAPs’ sexual orientation as stable and unlikely to change;
2. To help MAP patients learn to live with their sexual feelings in a healthy way, most importantly without engaging in behavior that is illegal and/or harmful to children;
3. To help patients develop self-acceptance via a positive but realistic self-concept, without resorting to cognitions that rationalize and normalize adult–child sexual activity in a maladaptive strategy to protect self-esteem; and
4. To help patients learn to cope adaptively with the intense societal stigma against MAPs."
[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330635952_Correlates_of_Chronic_Suicidal_Ideation_Among_Community-Based_Minor-Attracted_Persons Cohen, Lisa & Wilman-Depena, Sherilyn & Barzilay, Shira & Hawes, Mariah & Yaseen, Zimri & Galynker, Igor. (2019). Correlates of Chronic Suicidal Ideation Among Community-Based Minor-Attracted Persons. Sexual Abuse. 32. 107906321982586. 10.1177/1079063219825868.]

"On the contrary, an emergent body of work with community-based MAPs discusses the successful use of masturbatory fantasies as a coping mechanism, with this acting as a healthy sexual outlet that causes no direct harm to minors (e.g., Bailey, Bernhard, & Hsu, Citation2016; Dymond & Duff, Citation2020; Harper & Lievesley, Citation2022; Houtepen et al., Citation2016). Indeed, the achievement of sexual satisfaction is seen by some theorists as a primary human good, with its attainment being associated with a reduction in the likelihood that somebody will go on to commit a sexual offense (Ward & Marshall, Citation2004). As such there may be ethical and practical discussions to be had between MAPs and treatment providers in relation to the most effective ways to help service users to accept their sexual attractions as a pattern of arousal that is potentially unchangeable over time, and to work with them to develop effective ways of reducing sexual frustration and achieving sexual satisfaction in ways that do not create victims of child sexual exploitation and abuse."

[https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0092623X.2022.2149437#abstract Lievesley, R., Harper, C. A., Swaby, H., & Woodward, E. (2022). Identifying and working with appropriate treatment targets with people who are sexually attracted to children. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 49(5), 497–516. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2022.2149437]

=== "Maps don’t want to seek help" ===

'''TL;DR: Most maps would be interested in accessing therapy, yet there are barriers in place.'''

"A nonrandom, purposive sample of MAPs ( n = 293, 154 completed all questions) was recruited via an online survey. Results show that 75% of participants did seek formal help from a professional; however, just less than half of them found the experience to be helpful."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327474958_Preventing_Sexual_Abuse_Perspectives_of_Minor-Attracted_Persons_About_Seeking_Help Levenson, Jill & Grady, Melissa. (2018). Preventing Sexual Abuse: Perspectives of Minor-Attracted Persons About Seeking Help. Sexual abuse : a journal of research and treatment. 31. 1079063218797713. 10.1177/1079063218797713.]

"Over half had wanted to see a mental health professional at some time but did not do so due to fear that a professional would react negatively, report them to others, or lack necessary knowledge."

[https://www.b4uact.org/research/survey-results/spring-2011-survey/ B4U-ACT survey results]

24% clinicians would report a map client to law enforcement in absence of any indication of offense, 11.7% would report in absence of indication of offense and in absence of interactions with children.

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349992064_Mandatory_Reporting_and_Clinician_Decision-Making_when_a_Client_Discloses_Sexual_Interest_in_Children Stephens, Skye & McPhail, Ian & Heasman, Ainslie & Moss, Sarah. (2021). Mandatory Reporting and Clinician Decision-Making When a Client Discloses Sexual Interest in Children. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement. 53. 10.1037/cbs0000247.]

== Map demographics and society ==
=== "All maps are men" ===

'''TL;DR: While mapness is mostly known to the public through male maps, a statistically significant number of maps is women and nonbinary people.'''

"In a self-selected sample recruited online and through radio and newspaper advertisement (n = 1516; 52.7 % female), 1.8 % of the male and 0.8 % of the female respondents to an online, revised version of the Wilson Sex Fantasy Questionnaire reported ever having fantasies involving sex with a child under the age of 12 years [3]."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z Cantor, J. M., & McPhail, I. V. (2016). Non-offending Pedophiles. Current Sexual Health Reports, 8(3), 121–128. doi:10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z ]

"The current body of the literature studying minor-attracted persons (MAPs) predominantly focuses on the experiences of men who experience sexual attractions to children. To shed more light on the experiences of women within this population, we conducted anonymous semi-structured interviews with six self-identified female MAPs, who were recruited through online support forums for individuals with sexual attractions to children. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to analyze the interview transcripts. Two superordinate themes were identified from the dataset that highlighted the uniqueness of the experience of being a woman within the MAP community (“A minority within a minority”) and themes of social isolation and the effects of this on identity (“A lonely secret existence”). The findings reported here highlight how the experiences of female MAPs both converge with and diverge from their male counterparts in important ways. We discuss the implications of these experiences in relation to more effective service provision for women who are sexually attracted to children."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8888496/ Lievesley, R., & Lapworth, R. (2022). "We Do Exist": The Experiences of Women Living with a Sexual Interest in Minors. Archives of sexual behavior, 51(2), 879–896. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-021-02160-z]

"Regarding women, little research is available about the prevalence of sexual interest in children. Early studies asking women about their sexual interest in children revealed prevalence rates ranging from 1 to 4%. <...> Among the total sample, the proportion of women who reported having sexual fantasies involving prepubescent children (n = 98 [7%], general websites: n = 92 [6.8%], SIC websites: n = 6 [11.1%]) was slightly smaller than the proportion of women who reported having sexual fantasies involving pubescent children (n = 136 [9.6%], general websites: n = 129 [9.5%], SIC websites: n = 7 [13.0%]). As the overlapping group among these 2 variables only included 54 women who reported on having sexual fantasies involving both prepubescent and pubescent children, the proportion of women among the total sample who indicated having sexual fantasies involving any children (ie, girls or boys at Tanner stage 1 or 2) reached 12.7% (n = 180, general websites: n = 173 [12.7%], SIC websites: n = 7 [13.0%]; Table 2)."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339794031_Sexual_Interest_in_Children_Among_Women_in_Two_Nonclinical_and_Nonrepresentative_Online_Samples Tozdan, Safiye & Dekker, Arne & Neutze, Janina & Santtila, Pekka & Briken, Peer. (2020). Sexual Interest in Children Among Women in Two Nonclinical and Nonrepresentative Online Samples. Sexual Medicine. 8. 10.1016/j.esxm.2020.01.007.]

According to polls, conducted regularly over the span of 6 years on the map communities of Tumblr, Twitter, and fediverse, around one in three maps in these spaces is nonbinary.

[https://wierstamann.net/2023/03/20/maps-lgbt-and-strategic-erasure/ Maps, LGBT, and strategic erasure]

[https://wierstamann.net/2024/08/09/map-community-demographics-2024/ Map community demographics 2024]

=== "Minors can’t be maps" ===

'''TL;DR: Most maps realize they are attracted to significantly younger teenagers and children in teenagehood, and these attractions persist throughout life.'''

"On average, participants recalled that they first realized their attraction to children ages 14 and younger at age 14.24 years (SD 5.36). They began to suspect that this attraction was unusual, compared with peers, at age 16.11 (SD 5.24). They knew their attraction was unusual at age 18.12 (SD 5.89). Only 2.5% met these milestones later than 29.73, 30, and 35 years, respectively. These ages did not differ significantly across the different age preference groups. <...> Because the average age of participants was 33.66, this implies that their attraction to children has persisted for an average of 19.42 (i.e., 33.66 – 14.24) years, representing more than half their lives, and their entire adulthoods."

[https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000212 Bailey, J. M., Hsu, K. J., & Bernhard, P. A. (2016). An Internet study of men sexually attracted to children: Sexual attraction patterns. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(7), 976–988. doi:10.1037/abn0000212]

Most common age of first realization is 14.

[https://www.b4uact.org/research/survey-results/youth-suicidality-and-seeking-care/ B4U-ACT survey results]

"The study reveals that minor-attracted people become aware of their sexuality at an early age, experience stress caused by real or perceived societal rejection, and encounter both positive and negative reactions upon disclosing their identities. The conclusion underscores the need for a new approach to dealing with minor-attraction in contemporary Western society. I offer eight recommendations for instituting a strategy which incorporates empathy, education, and anti-discrimination measures."

[https://summit.sfu.ca/item/13798 Freimond, C.M. (2013). Navigating the Stigma of Pedophilia: The Experiences of Nine Minor-Attracted Men in Canada.]

The most common age to realize you're a map (attracted to much younger youth) is 13-15, realization in adulthood is rare.

[https://enderphile.wordpress.com/2018/09/11/growing-up-a-pedophile/ Growing Up A Pedophile]

=== "Maps have brain matter anomalies and impulse control issues" ===

'''TL;DR: This stereotype, emerging from early research conducted solely on sex offenders, has been debunked when non-offending maps were studied.'''

"Neurobehavioral models of pedophilia and child sexual offending suggest a pattern of temporal and in particular prefrontal disturbances leading to inappropriate behavioral control and subsequently an increased propensity to sexually offend against children. However, clear empirical evidence for such mechanisms is still missing. Using a go/nogo paradigm in combination with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) we compared behavioral performance and neural response patterns among three groups of men matched for age and IQ: pedophiles with (N = 40) and without (N = 37) a history of hands-on sexual offences against children as well as healthy non-offending controls (N = 40). As compared to offending pedophiles, non-offending pedophiles exhibited superior inhibitory control as reflected by significantly lower rate of commission errors. Group-by-condition interaction analysis also revealed inhibition-related activation in the left posterior cingulate and the left superior frontal cortex that distinguished between offending and non-offending pedophiles, while no significant differences were found between pedophiles and healthy controls. Both areas showing distinct activation pattern among pedophiles play a critical role in linking neural networks that relate to effective cognitive functioning. Data therefore suggest that heightened inhibition-related recruitment of these areas as well as decreased amount of commission errors is related to better inhibitory control in pedophiles who successfully avoid committing hands-on sexual offences against children. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1092–1104, 2017."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27767244/ Kärgel, C., Massau, C., Weiß, S., Walter, M., Borchardt, V., Krueger, T. H., Tenbergen, G., Kneer, J., Wittfoth, M., Pohl, A., Gerwinn, H., Ponseti, J., Amelung, T., Beier, K. M., Mohnke, S., Walter, H., & Schiffer, B. (2017). Evidence for superior neurobiological and behavioral inhibitory control abilities in non-offending as compared to offending pedophiles. Human brain mapping, 38(2), 1092–1104. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.23443]

"Our results are the first to demonstrate that executive dysfunctions are related to offense status rather than pedophilic preference."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28511726/ Massau, C., Tenbergen, G., Kärgel, C., Weiß, S., Gerwinn, H., Pohl, A., Amelung, T., Mohnke, S., Kneer, J., Wittfoth, M., Ristow, I., Schiltz, K., Beier, K. M., Ponseti, J., Walter, M., Kruger, T. H. C., Walter, H., & Schiffer, B. (2017). Executive Functioning in Pedophilia and Child Sexual Offending. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 23(6), 460–470. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617717000315]

"Consistent with the conceptualization of the DSM-5, which specifies CSO as most the prominent criterion that differentiates pedophilia from pedophilic disorder, there were no significant differences between the GM volumes of the non-offending pedophiles and the teleiophilic controls. In contrast, the pedophiles who had engaged in CSO showed a significantly reduced relative GM volume in the right TP compared with pedophiles who did not. This difference was not attributable to age, level of education, IQ, sexual orientation, drug misuse/dependence, other Axis I or II disorders or general criminality."

[https://www.nature.com/articles/tp201796 Schiffer, B., Amelung, T., Pohl, A. et al. Gray matter anomalies in pedophiles with and without a history of child sexual offending. Transl Psychiatry 7, e1129 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/tp.2017.96 ]

"In line with our expectations, pedohebephilic men in our sample were considerably more likely to be introverted and less emotionally stable compared to nonpedohebephilic controls but not more or less likely to be impulsive, agreeable, or open.<...> Among all personality domains, introversion and neuroticism are also the ones that are most likely to be affected by stigma.<...> In the general population, there still exists an image of pedophilic men as highly unstable, impulsive, unpleasant, and antisocial (McCartan, 2010). This image is linked to stigmatizing assumptions like the idea that pedophilic men are monsters unable and unwilling to control their sexual urges (Houtepen, Sijtsema, & Bogaerts, 2016; Jahnke, 2018). Therefore, it is of high importance to rigorously test such expectations, and, if disproven, correct them."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1080/19317611.2019.1609641 Jahnke, S., Schmitt, S., Geradt, M., & Hoyer, J. (2019). Big Five Personality Factors Among Men With a Sexual Interest in Children. International Journal of Sexual Health, 1–6. doi:10.1080/19317611.2019.1609641]

[[Category:Additional materials]]
[[Category:English]]

Common misconceptions about maps

2024-11-13T05:28:27Z

Lecter:

This post is intended to be used as an informative and educational tool by anyone who encounters these misconceptions and wishes to correct them.
== The nature of minor attraction ==
=== "Pedophilia is a mental illness" ===

'''TL;DR: There is a difference between the diagnosis of pedophilic disorder and pedophia, and this difference is acknowledged by professionals.'''

Pedophilia is frequently equated to the diagnosis of pedophilic disorder. In reality, currently both the International Classification of Diseases (maintained by the World Health Organization) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (maintained by the American Psychiatric Association) recognize the difference between having an attraction to children and having a mental disorder.

"If individuals also complain that their sexual attractions or preferences for children are causing marked distress or psychosocial difficulties, they may be diagnosed with pedophilic disorder. However, if they report an absence of feelings of guilt, shame, or anxiety about these impulses and are not functionally limited by their paraphilic impulses (according to self-report, objective assessment, or both), and their self-reported and legally recorded histories indicate that they have never acted on their impulses, then these individuals have a pedophilic sexual interest but not pedophilic disorder."

[https://www.docdroid.net/1TkXiNH/dsm-5-tr-pdf#page=1487 DSM-5-TR, Pedophilic disorder]

"In addition, in order for Pedophilic Disorder to be diagnosed, the individual must have acted on these thoughts, fantasies or urges or be markedly distressed by them."

[https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en#517058174 ICD-11, Pedophilic disorder]

"Pedophilia is defined as an ongoing sexual attraction toward pre-pubertal children (Freund, 1963, 1967; Seto, 2009). In the new DSM-5, pedophilia is de-pathologized by differentiating between the sexual preference for prepubescent children (i.e., pedophilia) and the disorder in case of additional factors. These factors include experiencing significant distress and impairment by fantasies and urges, or the acting out on behavioral level, including child pornography consumption and/or committing hands-on CSA offenses."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4478390/ Tenbergen, G., Wittfoth, M., Frieling, H., Ponseti, J., Walter, M., Walter, H., Beier, K. M., Schiffer, B., & Kruger, T. H. (2015). The Neurobiology and Psychology of Pedophilia: Recent Advances and Challenges. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 9, 344. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00344]

Similar changes were made to diagnoses, related to other paraphilias.

=== "'Map' is a politically correct term made up to normalize pedophilia" ===

'''TL;DR: "Map" is a term that was invented by a journalist and is actively used by researchers and mental health professionals. It is not simply another word for "pedophile", but covers a range of attractions where pedophilia is only one of them: infantophilia, nepiophilia, pedophilia, hebephilia, and, sometimes, ephebophilia. Maps who do fall under the scientific definition of "pedophilia" overwhelmingly tend to accept the pedophile identity.'''

The term "minor attraction" in a construction "minor attracted adults" was first introduced by a non-map journalist Heather Elizabeth Peterson in 1998.

"So what do you think of the term 'minor-attracted adults'? It sounds a bit silly to my ears, but maybe that's just because I hate neologisms. It certainly says what I'm trying to say. It's more accurate than 'child-attracted adult' because there's a lot of dispute over what constitutes a child, and though it does leave teenage boylovers out of the picture, one could always use the term 'minor-attracted person' if one wanted to include them."

[https://map-wiki.com/index.php/Minor/youth_attraction#Minor_attraction_as_a_term Map Wiki, part of H.E. Peterson's message to a map forum on October 19, 1998]

"The discussions of biblical and theological issues associated with pedophilia were brief, the statements did not mention the place of minor-attracted adults in society, and no pastoral guidance was offered to pedophiles who wished to follow church rules."

[https://www.helping-people.info/articles/oxymoron.htm "Not an Oxymoron" by H.E. Peterson, Greenbelt Interfaith News, Philia, December 1998]

The term has since been incorporated by mental health organizations.

"We started using the term MAP around 2007. The late Michael Melsheimer, our co-founder, introduced "minor-attracted person" as an alternative to "minor-attracted adult," to reflect that most MAPs realize these attractions before they are adults themselves."

[https://x.com/B4U_ACT/status/1178872015375290369 B4U-ACT official account on Twitter]

"We use this term to refer to adults who experience feelings of preferential sexual attraction to children or adolescents under the age of consent, as well as adolescents who have such feelings for younger children. It is important to realize that these sexual feelings are usually accompanied by feelings of emotional attraction, similar to the romantic feelings most adults have for other adults."

[https://www.b4uact.org/about-us/faq/ B4U-ACT, FAQ]

In addition to that, "map" has come to cover more than just "pedophile". Pedophilia does not actually mean attraction to anyone under 18, it refers to an attraction to prepubescents.

"Pedophilia is defined clinically as a recurrent, intense sexual attraction to prepubescent children."

[https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2018-33719-002 Seto, M. C. (2018). Defining pedophilia. In M. C Seto, Pedophilia and sexual offending against children: Theory, assessment, and intervention (2nd ed., pp. 9–30). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000107-002]

"In this article, I briefly review research on nepiophilia (infant/toddlers), pedophilia (prepubescent children), hebephilia (pubescent children), ephebophilia (postpubescent, sexually maturing adolescents), teleiophilia (young sexually mature adults, typically 20s and 30s), mesophilia (middle-aged adults, typically 40s and 50s), and gerontophilia (elderly adults, typically 60s and older) in the context of a multidimensional sexual orientations framework."

[https://zero.sci-hub.se/6128/cb925f232cf2f81ab0ab0b1c05257af3/10.1007@s10508-016-0799-y.pdf Seto M. C. (2017). The Puzzle of Male Chronophilias. Archives of sexual behavior, 46(1), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0799-y]

"The phrase “minor attraction” acts as an umbrella term to describe a range of chronophilic orientations. A chronophilia is a distinct type of sexual attraction pattern that varies as a function of the ages of preferred sexual targets (Seto, 2017). The most studied chronophilic category is pedophilia, which is defined as a primary or exclusive sexual attraction to pre-pubertal children, typically between the ages of 3 and 10 years (Blanchard et al., 2009). However, Seto’s (2017) model of chronophilias takes a much broader view and acknowledges that some people may have sexual preferences for younger infants (nepiophilia), pubescent children aged 11–14 years (hebephilia), or older minors who, depending on the legal code of a given jurisdiction, may be below the age of consent (ephebophilia). This latter category is controversial, in that some argue how some level of sexual attraction to post-pubescent minors who are approaching the age of consent is a normative form of sexuality (for a discussion, see Stephens & Seto, 2016). Seto’s (2017) chronophilias continue to encompass attractions to adults of traditional reproductive age (teleiophilia), middle age (mesophilia), and older age (gerontophilia). For the purposes of this paper, we consider “minor attraction” to encompass the nepiophilic, pedophilic, and hebephilic attraction categories."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8888496/ Lievesley, R., & Lapworth, R. (2022). "We Do Exist": The Experiences of Women Living with a Sexual Interest in Minors. Archives of sexual behavior, 51(2), 879–896. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-021-02160-z]

Most pedophiles do not object to being identified as pedophiles and use this label alongside calling themselves maps.

"Overall, quantitative data showed acceptance of “pedophile/hebephile” as well as a range of alternative labels in a personal (Labeling Oneself) and a professional context (Being Labeled by Others). “Minor-attracted person” and “pedophile/hebephile” received generally higher support than other terms and appeared to be least divisive across three major online fora."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/364024544_Pedophile_Child_Lover_or_Minor-Attracted_Person_Attitudes_Toward_Labels_Among_People_Who_are_Sexually_Attracted_to_Children Jahnke, Sara & Blagden, Nicholas & Hill, Laura. (2022). Pedophile, Child Lover, or Minor-Attracted Person? Attitudes Toward Labels Among People Who are Sexually Attracted to Children. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 51. 1-15. 10.1007/s10508-022-02331-6.]

"73% of maps who fit the definition of pedophilia had a positive attitude towards this label, while 23% were neutral and 4% were negative. Among maps who do not fit the definition of pedophilia these numbers were 42%, 45%, and 12% accordingly."

[https://map-wiki.com/index.php/Pedophilia Map Wiki, Pedophilia]

=== "DSM listed pedophilia as a sexual orientation by mistake" ===

'''TL;DR: In 2013 DSM-5 used to refer to pedophilia with words "pedophilic sexual orientation", and after pressure from the public, the phrase was changed to "pedophilic sexual interest". The change was done due to harassment and did not reflect any actual change of opinion among researchers, who still continue exploring it as an orientation.'''

"In the face of significant criticism of its inclusion in the DSM-5, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) has stated its intention to remove the term Pedophilic Sexual Orientation from the diagnostic manual.2 Removing that term in response to public criticism would be a mistake. Experiencing ongoing sexual attractions to prepubescent children is, in essence, a form of sexual orientation, and acknowledging that reality can help to distinguish the mental makeup that is inherent to Pedophilia, from acts of child sexual abuse."

[https://jaapl.org/content/42/4/404 Pedophilia and DSM-5: The Importance of Clearly Defining the Nature of a Pedophilic Disorder, Fred S. Berlin, Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online Dec 2014, 42 (4) 404-407]

"By the above deﬁnition of sexual orientation — and most common deﬁnitions of sexual orientation — pedophilia can be viewed as a sexual age orientation based on the more limited evidence available regarding its age of onset, associations with sexual and romantic behavior, and stability over time. Though there are clearly differences in some respects, there are also striking similarities in the research literature on pedophilia."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6 Seto, M. C. (2012). Is Pedophilia a Sexual Orientation? Archives of Sexual Behavior, 41(1), 231–236. doi:10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6]

=== "Maps do not experience romantic feelings" ===

'''TL;DR: While it is common to depict mapness as solely a sexual "urge", most maps are romantically attracted to children and teenagers in their preferred age range.'''

"The majority (72%) of participants reported they had fallen in love with a child in their lifetime. Participants reported greater feelings of attachment to children than feelings of infatuation. Though sexual attraction and falling in love were strongly correlated, they were not synonymous."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9 Martijn, F. M., Babchishin, K. M., Pullman, L. E., & Seto, M. C. (2020). Sexual Attraction and Falling in Love in Persons with Pedohebephilia. Archives of Sexual Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9]

"Overall, romantic attraction to minors resembles romantic attraction to adults."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39118553/ Levitan, J. A., Martijn, F. M., Santaguida, M., & Seto, M. C. (2024). Minor-Attracted Men's Lived Experiences of Romantic Attraction. Journal of sex & marital therapy, 50(7), 811–824. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2024.2385909]

== Maps and sexual abuse ==
=== "Pedophilia is illegal" ===

'''TL;DR: Pedophilia by itself is not illegal the way child sexual abuse is.'''

"While pedophilia itself does not give rise to criminal liability, acting on it does."

[https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/pedophilia Cornell Law School, Legal Information Institute, Pedophilia]

"Pedophilia is often confused with pedosexuality. Pedosexuality refers to sexual behavior or acts towards children. The distinction is crucial: pedophilia as a sexual preference itself is not illegal; however, engaging in pedosexual acts with minors is."

[https://degroote-deman.be/en/news/from-sensation-to-precision-dgdm-lawyers-demystify-sexual-offenses-child-pornography-pedophilia-and-sexual-abuse-in-the-media/ From Sensation to Precision: DGDM Lawyers Demystify Sexual Offenses, Child Pornography, Pedophilia, and Sexual Abuse in the Media], note: usage of "pedosexuality" to refer to sexual acts with children is specific to several European countries and not universal.

=== "All child molesters are pedophiles" ===

'''TL;DR: Many people mistakenly believe that everyone who sexually abuses children is automatically a pedophile, but in reality most abusers are not pedophiles, since "pedophilia" refers to attraction, not actions.'''

"Not all individuals who sexually assault children are pedophiles. Pedophilia consists of a sexual preference for children that may or may not lead to child sexual abuse (e.g., viewing child pornography), whereas child sexual abuse involves sexual contact with a child that may or may not be due to pedophilia (Camilleri & Quinsey, 2008)."

[https://smart.ojp.gov/somapi/chapter-3-sex-offender-typologies Dominique A. Simons (March 2017). Sex Offender Management Assessment and Planning Initiative. Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking]

"The terms ‘paedophile’ and ‘child sex offender’ are often used interchangeably (Nellis 2009). It is important to understand, however, that the two terms have different meanings; not all child sex offenders are paedophiles and conversely, not all paedophiles are child sex offenders. <...> paedophiles are those individuals who are sexually attracted to young children; these individuals may or may not act on this attraction. Conversely, while some child sex offenders are attracted to children, others may have sexual interest in and/or offend against both children and adults, and/or may act out of opportunity rather than an exclusive sexual interest in children."

[https://www.aic.gov.au/publications/tandi/tandi429 Richards K 2011. Misperceptions about child sex offenders. Trends & issues in crime and criminal justice no. 429. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. https://doi.org/10.52922/ti258908]

In addition to that, people without an attraction to children make up a majority of offenders.

"Those showing no sexual preference disorder, but who, for different reasons, sexually abuse children seeking a surrogate. This group comprises e.g. sexually inexperienced adolescents, mentally retarded persons, those with anti-social personality disorders and perpetrators within general traumatizing family constellations – and accounts for approximately 60% of officially known offenders."

[https://www.praeventionstag.de/dokumentation/download.cms?id=2090 Beier, K.M. (2015). The German Dunkelfeld Project: Proactive Strategies to Prevent Child Sexual Abuse and the Use of Child Abusive Images. Paper presented at the 8th Annual International Forum 2014 within the German Congress on Crime Prevention. Mönchengladbach, DE: Forum Verlag Godesberg GmbH.]

"Are all offenders paedophiles? No. Paedophilia is a stable sexual preference for children. It is one of the so-called ‘paraphilias’ or sexual preferences that differ from what is regarded as normal. Other paraphilias are exhibitionism and necrophilia. As shown in §7.2.1.2, 20% of suspects who undergo a personality assessment are found to have deviant sexual preferences, including preferences other than paedophilia; in other words, 80% do not have deviant sexual preferences."

[https://www.dutchrapporteur.nl/publications/reports/2015/03/19/on-solid-ground-tackling-sexual-violence-against-children-2014 National Rapporteur on Trafficking in Human Beings (2014). On solid ground. Tackling sexual violence against children in the Netherlands. The Hague: National Rapporteur.]

"Only a small part (16,2 %) of sexual offenders against children meet the criteria (DSM-IV-TR) for pedophilia."

[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0924933814777314 D. Kesicky, I. Andre, M. Kesicka, EPA-0284 – Pedophiles and (or) child molesters, European Psychiatry, Volume 29, Supplement 1, 2014, Page 1, ISSN 0924-9338, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-9338(14)77731-4.]

"Despite common misperceptions, pedophilia is neither a necessary nor sufficient precondition for sexual offending against children [5]. In fact, an unknown, but most likely substantial number of people with a sexual preference for children never commit sexual offenses [6], and an estimated 40–60 percent of sexual offenses against children are not committed by people with pedophilic interests [5,7,8,9]."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7460489/ Stelzmann, D., Jahnke, S., & Kuhle, L. F. (2020). Media Coverage of Pedophilia: Benefits and Risks from Healthcare Practitioners' Point of View. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(16), 5739. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165739]

=== "All pedophiles offend" ===

'''TL;DR: Statistics, related to demographics and behavior of maps are still scarce, but it is reasonable to presume that most maps do not commit offenses.'''

87% of map participants did not commit any sexual offenses (infromation from slide 13).

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329544224_Experiences_of_sexual_and_romantic_attraction_to_children_andor_adults_in_persons_with_pedohebephilia_2018 Martijn, Frederica. (2018). Experiences of sexual and romantic attraction to children and/or adults in persons with pedohebephilia (2018).]

"Men reporting that they had been convicted of either viewing child pornography or a sexual contact offense with a child aged 14 or younger comprised 12.2% (145/ 1189) of the sample."

[https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000212 Bailey, J. M., Hsu, K. J., & Bernhard, P. A. (2016). An Internet study of men sexually attracted to children: Sexual attraction patterns. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(7), 976–988. doi:10.1037/abn0000212]

=== "Stigma for maps is beneficial" ===

'''TL;DR: Experts agree that both stigma towards maps in the society and internalized self-hate don't benefit CSA prevention anyhow.'''

"There is an emerging consensus among researchers that having pedophilic interests is not synonymous with child sexual abuse or other amoral behavior. Nevertheless, misconceptions about pedophilia are highly prevalent among the general public and mental health practitioners. <…> We argue that stigmatization of people with pedophilic sexual interests has undesired indirect effects on risk factors for child sexual abuse, particularly on an emotional and social level. Also, fear of being rejected or treated unethically may prevent pedophilic individuals at risk for sexual offending from confiding in medical practitioners or psychotherapists. Psychologists working with pedophilic individuals in forensic or clinical settings should be aware that stigmatizing people with pedophilia may increase their risk of sexual offending, and provide help to deal with potential stigma-related repercussions."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323515098_The_Stigma_of_Pedophilia_Clinical_and_Forensic_Implications Jahnke, Sara. (2018). The Stigma of Pedophilia: Clinical and Forensic Implications. European Psychologist. 23. 144 – 153. 10.1027/1016-9040/a000325.]

"Stigmatization and societal punitiveness about pedophilia have a range of potential consequences, such as the social isolation of people with sexual interest in children, and the formation of policies that are not consistent with empirical research findings. Previous research has shown that people with pedophilic sexual interests use societal thinking to self-stigmatize, which in turn may actually serve to increase their risk of committing a sexual offense."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311545002_Reducing_Stigma_and_Punitive_Attitudes_Toward_Pedophiles_Through_Narrative_Humanization Harper, Craig & Bartels, Ross & Hogue, Todd. (2016). Reducing Stigma and Punitive Attitudes Toward Pedophiles Through Narrative Humanization. Sexual Abuse A Journal of Research and Treatment. 30. 10.1177/1079063216681561.]

"Results revealed that the shame and secrecy resulting from stigma associated with pedophilic interests often prevented our respondents from seeking professional counseling, and only about 20% tried to talk to anyone about their sexual interests prior to their arrest. Barriers to seeking and receiving psychological services included concerns about confidentiality, fears of social and legal consequences, personal shame or confusion about the problem, affordability, and challenges finding competent therapists who were adequately equipped to help them. Understanding and ultimately reducing obstacles to help-seeking can improve the quality of life for people with harmful sexual interests and potentially prevent sexual abuse of children or other vulnerable individuals."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315895306_Obstacles_to_Help-Seeking_for_Sexual_Offenders_Implications_for_Prevention_of_Sexual_Abuse Levenson, Jill & Willis, Gwenda & Vicencio, Claudia. (2017). Obstacles to Help-Seeking for Sexual Offenders: Implications for Prevention of Sexual Abuse. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. 26. 99-120. 10.1080/10538712.2016.1276116.]

"In the general public however, it is to be expected that sexually abusive behavior towards children is often confused with pedophilia as a sexual preference. In the media, people with pedophile or other paraphile interests are often stereotypically portrayed as violent criminals (Diefenbach, 1997; Kitzinger, 2004). The public’s view of sexual offenders is extremely negative (Fortney, Levenson, Brannon, & Baker, 2007). Agreement with the stereotype that pedophilia often or always coincides with child sex offenses is likely to prompt a high degree of discrimination against people with pedophilia, regardless of their actual behavior. This may have a negative impact on the mental health of a person suffering from pedophilia, and unwanted indirect effects on the likelihood of this person seeking therapy when needed. Both potential consequences may, presumably, put children at risk of child sexual abuse."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264231704_Stigmatization_of_People_With_Pedophilia_A_Blind_Spot_in_Stigma_Research Jahnke, Sara & Hoyer, Jürgen. (2013). Stigmatization of People With Pedophilia: A Blind Spot in Stigma Research. International Journal of Sexual Health. 25. 169-184. 10.1080/19317611.2013.795921.]

"For instance, the societal rhetoric about people who abuse children (e.g., “monsters,” “predators,” and “deviants,” along with declarations that they are not amenable to treatment and will inevitably reoffend) is rather damaging to the self-concepts of MAPs, who internalize these stigmatizing perceptions (Buckman et al., 2016; Jahnke, 2018). The shame and secrecy that result from this stigma prevent MAPs from reaching out to find role models, professionals, or confidants who might offer support or advice about how to deal with minor attraction and achieve a satisfying and healthy life (Beier, 2016; Buckman et al., 2016; Piché et al., 2016)."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1177/1079063218797713 Levenson, J. S., & Grady, M. D. (2018). Preventing Sexual Abuse: Perspectives of Minor-Attracted Persons About Seeking Help. Sexual Abuse, 107906321879771. doi:10.1177/1079063218797713]

=== "Communication with children increases risk of offense" ===
'''TL;DR: Communication with children decreases beliefs in acting on the attraction.'''

"Results showed that both increased social and physical contact were significantly linked to fewer legitimizing beliefs toward sex with children, even when controlling for past psychotherapy, educational level, social desirability, and age."

[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-017-1042-1 Geradt, M., Jahnke, S., Heinz, J. et al. Is Contact with Children Related to Legitimizing Beliefs Toward Sex with Children Among Men with Pedophilia?. Arch Sex Behav 47, 375–387 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-1042-1]

== Maps and therapy ==
=== "Therapy for maps involves rejecting and/or changing the attraction" ===

'''TL;DR: Mapness is immutable and cannot be changed by therapy. Good quality therapy offered to maps is centered around self acceptance.'''

"There are no compelling data to suggest that pedophiles might be converted into teleiophiles(persons with a primary sexual interest in adults). Multiple types of interventions have been attempted, including sex-drive-reducing medications and talk therapies informed by any of many theoretical orientations. Although there exist authors who have claimed that their interventions changed their clients’ fundamental sexual interests (e.g., Fedoroff, 1988, 1992), such reports do not include comparison groups, long-term follow-up, or any validated, objective measure to verify the claims of successful change."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287225339_Gold-star_pedophiles_in_general_sex_therapy_practice Cantor, James. (2014). "Gold-star" pedophiles in general sex therapy practice.]

"The (im)mutability of pedophilia is a key aspect of helping non-offending pedophiles manage their sexual arousal and to refrain from offending. The accrual of empirical data exploring this issue is central to understanding and providing treatment to non-offending pedophiles: If pedophilia is immutable, then treatments for these individuals need basically to focus on coping with and managing pedophilic interests while leading a meaningful and fulfilling life and not on changing the person’s basic orientation. Whereas some authors have claimed that pedophilic interests may remit [11, 12], reanalysis of these data and methodological and statistical issues identified by other authors suggest that no such changes in orientation actually occurred [13–16]. <...> Professionals helped some of these men accept their pedophilic interests by separating their sexual attraction from their sexual behavior and by managing their sense of selves (e.g., distancing themselves from stories of “child rapists” [25•, p. 8]). Engaging with other pedophilic individuals helped these men see that others with their interests were able to avoid offending, which brought a sense of hope. Having other social supports that knew about their interests helped because their supports could help them maintain boundaries with children, challenge potentially distorted thinking, and provide them with feedback regarding their behavior with children."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z Cantor, J. M., & McPhail, I. V. (2016). Non-offending Pedophiles. Current Sexual Health Reports, 8(3), 121–128. doi:10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z]

"The preferred model of treatment is LGBT affirmative psychotherapy, which treats sexual feelings as innate, unchangeable and subject to personal acceptance. The American Psychological Association provides guidelines on its website (see below). Applied to the minor-attracted person, affirmative therapy separates sexual orientation from its expression, emphasizing acceptance and personal growth. This in no way endorses sexual contact between adults and minors."

[https://www.b4uact.org/for-therapists/psychotherapy-for-the-map/ B4U-ACT guide Psychotherapy for Minor-Attracted Persons]

"The primary aims of these approaches can be summarized as follows:
1. To accept MAPs’ sexual orientation as stable and unlikely to change;
2. To help MAP patients learn to live with their sexual feelings in a healthy way, most importantly without engaging in behavior that is illegal and/or harmful to children;
3. To help patients develop self-acceptance via a positive but realistic self-concept, without resorting to cognitions that rationalize and normalize adult–child sexual activity in a maladaptive strategy to protect self-esteem; and
4. To help patients learn to cope adaptively with the intense societal stigma against MAPs."
[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330635952_Correlates_of_Chronic_Suicidal_Ideation_Among_Community-Based_Minor-Attracted_Persons Cohen, Lisa & Wilman-Depena, Sherilyn & Barzilay, Shira & Hawes, Mariah & Yaseen, Zimri & Galynker, Igor. (2019). Correlates of Chronic Suicidal Ideation Among Community-Based Minor-Attracted Persons. Sexual Abuse. 32. 107906321982586. 10.1177/1079063219825868.]
=== "Maps don’t want to seek help" ===

'''TL;DR: Most maps would be interested in accessing therapy, yet there are barriers in place.'''

"A nonrandom, purposive sample of MAPs ( n = 293, 154 completed all questions) was recruited via an online survey. Results show that 75% of participants did seek formal help from a professional; however, just less than half of them found the experience to be helpful."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327474958_Preventing_Sexual_Abuse_Perspectives_of_Minor-Attracted_Persons_About_Seeking_Help Levenson, Jill & Grady, Melissa. (2018). Preventing Sexual Abuse: Perspectives of Minor-Attracted Persons About Seeking Help. Sexual abuse : a journal of research and treatment. 31. 1079063218797713. 10.1177/1079063218797713.]

"Over half had wanted to see a mental health professional at some time but did not do so due to fear that a professional would react negatively, report them to others, or lack necessary knowledge."

[https://www.b4uact.org/research/survey-results/spring-2011-survey/ B4U-ACT survey results]

24% clinicians would report a map client to law enforcement in absence of any indication of offense, 11.7% would report in absence of indication of offense and in absence of interactions with children.

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349992064_Mandatory_Reporting_and_Clinician_Decision-Making_when_a_Client_Discloses_Sexual_Interest_in_Children Stephens, Skye & McPhail, Ian & Heasman, Ainslie & Moss, Sarah. (2021). Mandatory Reporting and Clinician Decision-Making When a Client Discloses Sexual Interest in Children. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement. 53. 10.1037/cbs0000247.]

== Map demographics and society ==
=== "All maps are men" ===

'''TL;DR: While mapness is mostly known to the public through male maps, a statistically significant number of maps is women and nonbinary people.'''

"In a self-selected sample recruited online and through radio and newspaper advertisement (n = 1516; 52.7 % female), 1.8 % of the male and 0.8 % of the female respondents to an online, revised version of the Wilson Sex Fantasy Questionnaire reported ever having fantasies involving sex with a child under the age of 12 years [3]."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z Cantor, J. M., & McPhail, I. V. (2016). Non-offending Pedophiles. Current Sexual Health Reports, 8(3), 121–128. doi:10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z ]

"The current body of the literature studying minor-attracted persons (MAPs) predominantly focuses on the experiences of men who experience sexual attractions to children. To shed more light on the experiences of women within this population, we conducted anonymous semi-structured interviews with six self-identified female MAPs, who were recruited through online support forums for individuals with sexual attractions to children. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to analyze the interview transcripts. Two superordinate themes were identified from the dataset that highlighted the uniqueness of the experience of being a woman within the MAP community (“A minority within a minority”) and themes of social isolation and the effects of this on identity (“A lonely secret existence”). The findings reported here highlight how the experiences of female MAPs both converge with and diverge from their male counterparts in important ways. We discuss the implications of these experiences in relation to more effective service provision for women who are sexually attracted to children."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8888496/ Lievesley, R., & Lapworth, R. (2022). "We Do Exist": The Experiences of Women Living with a Sexual Interest in Minors. Archives of sexual behavior, 51(2), 879–896. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-021-02160-z]

"Regarding women, little research is available about the prevalence of sexual interest in children. Early studies asking women about their sexual interest in children revealed prevalence rates ranging from 1 to 4%. <...> Among the total sample, the proportion of women who reported having sexual fantasies involving prepubescent children (n = 98 [7%], general websites: n = 92 [6.8%], SIC websites: n = 6 [11.1%]) was slightly smaller than the proportion of women who reported having sexual fantasies involving pubescent children (n = 136 [9.6%], general websites: n = 129 [9.5%], SIC websites: n = 7 [13.0%]). As the overlapping group among these 2 variables only included 54 women who reported on having sexual fantasies involving both prepubescent and pubescent children, the proportion of women among the total sample who indicated having sexual fantasies involving any children (ie, girls or boys at Tanner stage 1 or 2) reached 12.7% (n = 180, general websites: n = 173 [12.7%], SIC websites: n = 7 [13.0%]; Table 2)."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339794031_Sexual_Interest_in_Children_Among_Women_in_Two_Nonclinical_and_Nonrepresentative_Online_Samples Tozdan, Safiye & Dekker, Arne & Neutze, Janina & Santtila, Pekka & Briken, Peer. (2020). Sexual Interest in Children Among Women in Two Nonclinical and Nonrepresentative Online Samples. Sexual Medicine. 8. 10.1016/j.esxm.2020.01.007.]

According to polls, conducted regularly over the span of 6 years on the map communities of Tumblr, Twitter, and fediverse, around one in three maps in these spaces is nonbinary.

[https://wierstamann.net/2023/03/20/maps-lgbt-and-strategic-erasure/ Maps, LGBT, and strategic erasure]

[https://wierstamann.net/2024/08/09/map-community-demographics-2024/ Map community demographics 2024]

=== "Minors can’t be maps" ===

'''TL;DR: Most maps realize they are attracted to significantly younger teenagers and children in teenagehood, and these attractions persist throughout life.'''

"On average, participants recalled that they first realized their attraction to children ages 14 and younger at age 14.24 years (SD 5.36). They began to suspect that this attraction was unusual, compared with peers, at age 16.11 (SD 5.24). They knew their attraction was unusual at age 18.12 (SD 5.89). Only 2.5% met these milestones later than 29.73, 30, and 35 years, respectively. These ages did not differ significantly across the different age preference groups. <...> Because the average age of participants was 33.66, this implies that their attraction to children has persisted for an average of 19.42 (i.e., 33.66 – 14.24) years, representing more than half their lives, and their entire adulthoods."

[https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000212 Bailey, J. M., Hsu, K. J., & Bernhard, P. A. (2016). An Internet study of men sexually attracted to children: Sexual attraction patterns. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(7), 976–988. doi:10.1037/abn0000212]

Most common age of first realization is 14.

[https://www.b4uact.org/research/survey-results/youth-suicidality-and-seeking-care/ B4U-ACT survey results]

"The study reveals that minor-attracted people become aware of their sexuality at an early age, experience stress caused by real or perceived societal rejection, and encounter both positive and negative reactions upon disclosing their identities. The conclusion underscores the need for a new approach to dealing with minor-attraction in contemporary Western society. I offer eight recommendations for instituting a strategy which incorporates empathy, education, and anti-discrimination measures."

[https://summit.sfu.ca/item/13798 Freimond, C.M. (2013). Navigating the Stigma of Pedophilia: The Experiences of Nine Minor-Attracted Men in Canada.]

The most common age to realize you're a map (attracted to much younger youth) is 13-15, realization in adulthood is rare.

[https://enderphile.wordpress.com/2018/09/11/growing-up-a-pedophile/ Growing Up A Pedophile]

=== "Maps have brain matter anomalies and impulse control issues" ===

'''TL;DR: This stereotype, emerging from early research conducted solely on sex offenders, has been debunked when non-offending maps were studied.'''

"Neurobehavioral models of pedophilia and child sexual offending suggest a pattern of temporal and in particular prefrontal disturbances leading to inappropriate behavioral control and subsequently an increased propensity to sexually offend against children. However, clear empirical evidence for such mechanisms is still missing. Using a go/nogo paradigm in combination with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) we compared behavioral performance and neural response patterns among three groups of men matched for age and IQ: pedophiles with (N = 40) and without (N = 37) a history of hands-on sexual offences against children as well as healthy non-offending controls (N = 40). As compared to offending pedophiles, non-offending pedophiles exhibited superior inhibitory control as reflected by significantly lower rate of commission errors. Group-by-condition interaction analysis also revealed inhibition-related activation in the left posterior cingulate and the left superior frontal cortex that distinguished between offending and non-offending pedophiles, while no significant differences were found between pedophiles and healthy controls. Both areas showing distinct activation pattern among pedophiles play a critical role in linking neural networks that relate to effective cognitive functioning. Data therefore suggest that heightened inhibition-related recruitment of these areas as well as decreased amount of commission errors is related to better inhibitory control in pedophiles who successfully avoid committing hands-on sexual offences against children. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1092–1104, 2017."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27767244/ Kärgel, C., Massau, C., Weiß, S., Walter, M., Borchardt, V., Krueger, T. H., Tenbergen, G., Kneer, J., Wittfoth, M., Pohl, A., Gerwinn, H., Ponseti, J., Amelung, T., Beier, K. M., Mohnke, S., Walter, H., & Schiffer, B. (2017). Evidence for superior neurobiological and behavioral inhibitory control abilities in non-offending as compared to offending pedophiles. Human brain mapping, 38(2), 1092–1104. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.23443]

"Our results are the first to demonstrate that executive dysfunctions are related to offense status rather than pedophilic preference."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28511726/ Massau, C., Tenbergen, G., Kärgel, C., Weiß, S., Gerwinn, H., Pohl, A., Amelung, T., Mohnke, S., Kneer, J., Wittfoth, M., Ristow, I., Schiltz, K., Beier, K. M., Ponseti, J., Walter, M., Kruger, T. H. C., Walter, H., & Schiffer, B. (2017). Executive Functioning in Pedophilia and Child Sexual Offending. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 23(6), 460–470. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617717000315]

"Consistent with the conceptualization of the DSM-5, which specifies CSO as most the prominent criterion that differentiates pedophilia from pedophilic disorder, there were no significant differences between the GM volumes of the non-offending pedophiles and the teleiophilic controls. In contrast, the pedophiles who had engaged in CSO showed a significantly reduced relative GM volume in the right TP compared with pedophiles who did not. This difference was not attributable to age, level of education, IQ, sexual orientation, drug misuse/dependence, other Axis I or II disorders or general criminality."

[https://www.nature.com/articles/tp201796 Schiffer, B., Amelung, T., Pohl, A. et al. Gray matter anomalies in pedophiles with and without a history of child sexual offending. Transl Psychiatry 7, e1129 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/tp.2017.96 ]

"In line with our expectations, pedohebephilic men in our sample were considerably more likely to be introverted and less emotionally stable compared to nonpedohebephilic controls but not more or less likely to be impulsive, agreeable, or open.<...> Among all personality domains, introversion and neuroticism are also the ones that are most likely to be affected by stigma.<...> In the general population, there still exists an image of pedophilic men as highly unstable, impulsive, unpleasant, and antisocial (McCartan, 2010). This image is linked to stigmatizing assumptions like the idea that pedophilic men are monsters unable and unwilling to control their sexual urges (Houtepen, Sijtsema, & Bogaerts, 2016; Jahnke, 2018). Therefore, it is of high importance to rigorously test such expectations, and, if disproven, correct them."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1080/19317611.2019.1609641 Jahnke, S., Schmitt, S., Geradt, M., & Hoyer, J. (2019). Big Five Personality Factors Among Men With a Sexual Interest in Children. International Journal of Sexual Health, 1–6. doi:10.1080/19317611.2019.1609641]

[[Category:Additional materials]]
[[Category:English]]

Common misconceptions about maps

2024-11-13T05:21:28Z

Lecter: Created page with "This post is intended to be used as an informative and educational tool by anyone who encounters these misconceptions and wishes to correct them. == The nature of minor attraction == === "Pedophilia is a mental illness" === '''TL;DR: There is a difference between the diagnosis of pedophilic disorder and pedophia, and this difference is acknowledged by professionals.''' "Pedophilia is frequently equated to the diagnosis of pedophilic disorder. In reality, currently bot..."

This post is intended to be used as an informative and educational tool by anyone who encounters these misconceptions and wishes to correct them.
== The nature of minor attraction ==
=== "Pedophilia is a mental illness" ===

'''TL;DR: There is a difference between the diagnosis of pedophilic disorder and pedophia, and this difference is acknowledged by professionals.'''

"Pedophilia is frequently equated to the diagnosis of pedophilic disorder. In reality, currently both the International Classification of Diseases (maintained by the World Health Organization) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (maintained by the American Psychiatric Association) recognize the difference between having an attraction to children and having a mental disorder.

"If individuals also complain that their sexual attractions or preferences for children are causing marked distress or psychosocial difficulties, they may be diagnosed with pedophilic disorder.
However, if they report an absence of feelings of guilt, shame, or anxiety about these impulses and are not functionally limited by their paraphilic impulses (according to self-report, objective assessment, or both), and their self-reported and legally recorded histories indicate that they have never acted on their impulses, then these individuals have a pedophilic sexual interest but not pedophilic disorder."

[https://www.docdroid.net/1TkXiNH/dsm-5-tr-pdf#page=1487 DSM-5-TR, Pedophilic disorder]

"In addition, in order for Pedophilic Disorder to be diagnosed, the individual must have acted on these thoughts, fantasies or urges or be markedly distressed by them."

[https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en#517058174 ICD-11, Pedophilic disorder]

"Pedophilia is defined as an ongoing sexual attraction toward pre-pubertal children (Freund, 1963, 1967; Seto, 2009). In the new DSM-5, pedophilia is de-pathologized by differentiating between the sexual preference for prepubescent children (i.e., pedophilia) and the disorder in case of additional factors. These factors include experiencing significant distress and impairment by fantasies and urges, or the acting out on behavioral level, including child pornography consumption and/or committing hands-on CSA offenses."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4478390/ Tenbergen, G., Wittfoth, M., Frieling, H., Ponseti, J., Walter, M., Walter, H., Beier, K. M., Schiffer, B., & Kruger, T. H. (2015). The Neurobiology and Psychology of Pedophilia: Recent Advances and Challenges. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 9, 344. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00344]

Similar changes were made to diagnoses, related to other paraphilias.

=== "'Map' is a politically correct term made up to normalize pedophilia" ===

'''TL;DR: "Map" is a term that was invented by a journalist and is actively used by researchers and mental health professionals. It is not simply another word for "pedophile", but covers a range of attractions where pedophilia is only one of them: infantophilia, nepiophilia, pedophilia, hebephilia, and, sometimes, ephebophilia. Maps who do fall under the scientific definition of "pedophilia" overwhelmingly tend to accept the pedophile identity.'''

The term "minor attraction" in a construction "minor attracted adults" was first introduced by a non-map journalist Heather Elizabeth Peterson in 1998.

"So what do you think of the term 'minor-attracted adults'? It sounds a bit silly to my ears, but maybe that's just because I hate neologisms. It certainly says what I'm trying to say. It's more accurate than 'child-attracted adult' because there's a lot of dispute over what constitutes a child, and though it does leave teenage boylovers out of the picture, one could always use the term 'minor-attracted person' if one wanted to include them."

[https://map-wiki.com/index.php/Minor/youth_attraction#Minor_attraction_as_a_term Map Wiki, part of H.E. Peterson's message to a map forum on October 19, 1998]

"The discussions of biblical and theological issues associated with pedophilia were brief, the statements did not mention the place of minor-attracted adults in society, and no pastoral guidance was offered to pedophiles who wished to follow church rules."

[https://www.helping-people.info/articles/oxymoron.htm "Not an Oxymoron" by H.E. Peterson, Greenbelt Interfaith News, Philia, December 1998]

The term has since been incorporated by mental health organizations.

"We started using the term MAP around 2007. The late Michael Melsheimer, our co-founder, introduced "minor-attracted person" as an alternative to "minor-attracted adult," to reflect that most MAPs realize these attractions before they are adults themselves."

[https://x.com/B4U_ACT/status/1178872015375290369 B4U-ACT official account on Twitter]

"We use this term to refer to adults who experience feelings of preferential sexual attraction to children or adolescents under the age of consent, as well as adolescents who have such feelings for younger children. It is important to realize that these sexual feelings are usually accompanied by feelings of emotional attraction, similar to the romantic feelings most adults have for other adults."

[https://www.b4uact.org/about-us/faq/ B4U-ACT, FAQ]

In addition to that, "map" has come to cover more than just "pedophile". Pedophilia does not actually mean attraction to anyone under 18, it refers to an attraction to prepubescents.

"Pedophilia is defined clinically as a recurrent, intense sexual attraction to prepubescent children."

[https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2018-33719-002 Seto, M. C. (2018). Defining pedophilia. In M. C Seto, Pedophilia and sexual offending against children: Theory, assessment, and intervention (2nd ed., pp. 9–30). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000107-002]

"In this article, I briefly review research on nepiophilia (infant/toddlers), pedophilia (prepubescent children), hebephilia (pubescent children), ephebophilia (postpubescent, sexually maturing adolescents), teleiophilia (young sexually mature adults, typically 20s and 30s), mesophilia (middle-aged adults, typically 40s and 50s), and gerontophilia (elderly adults, typically 60s and older) in the context of a multidimensional sexual orientations framework."

[https://zero.sci-hub.se/6128/cb925f232cf2f81ab0ab0b1c05257af3/10.1007@s10508-016-0799-y.pdf Seto M. C. (2017). The Puzzle of Male Chronophilias. Archives of sexual behavior, 46(1), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0799-y]

"The phrase “minor attraction” acts as an umbrella term to describe a range of chronophilic orientations. A chronophilia is a distinct type of sexual attraction pattern that varies as a function of the ages of preferred sexual targets (Seto, 2017). The most studied chronophilic category is pedophilia, which is defined as a primary or exclusive sexual attraction to pre-pubertal children, typically between the ages of 3 and 10 years (Blanchard et al., 2009). However, Seto’s (2017) model of chronophilias takes a much broader view and acknowledges that some people may have sexual preferences for younger infants (nepiophilia), pubescent children aged 11–14 years (hebephilia), or older minors who, depending on the legal code of a given jurisdiction, may be below the age of consent (ephebophilia). This latter category is controversial, in that some argue how some level of sexual attraction to post-pubescent minors who are approaching the age of consent is a normative form of sexuality (for a discussion, see Stephens & Seto, 2016). Seto’s (2017) chronophilias continue to encompass attractions to adults of traditional reproductive age (teleiophilia), middle age (mesophilia), and older age (gerontophilia). For the purposes of this paper, we consider “minor attraction” to encompass the nepiophilic, pedophilic, and hebephilic attraction categories."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8888496/ Lievesley, R., & Lapworth, R. (2022). "We Do Exist": The Experiences of Women Living with a Sexual Interest in Minors. Archives of sexual behavior, 51(2), 879–896. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-021-02160-z]

Most pedophiles do not object to being identified as pedophiles and use this label alongside calling themselves maps.

"Overall, quantitative data showed acceptance of “pedophile/hebephile” as well as a range of alternative labels in a personal (Labeling Oneself) and a professional context (Being Labeled by Others). “Minor-attracted person” and “pedophile/hebephile” received generally higher support than other terms and appeared to be least divisive across three major online fora."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/364024544_Pedophile_Child_Lover_or_Minor-Attracted_Person_Attitudes_Toward_Labels_Among_People_Who_are_Sexually_Attracted_to_Children Jahnke, Sara & Blagden, Nicholas & Hill, Laura. (2022). Pedophile, Child Lover, or Minor-Attracted Person? Attitudes Toward Labels Among People Who are Sexually Attracted to Children. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 51. 1-15. 10.1007/s10508-022-02331-6.]

"73% of maps who fit the definition of pedophilia had a positive attitude towards this label, while 23% were neutral and 4% were negative. Among maps who do not fit the definition of pedophilia these numbers were 42%, 45%, and 12% accordingly."

[https://map-wiki.com/index.php/Pedophilia Map Wiki, Pedophilia]

=== "DSM listed pedophilia as a sexual orientation by mistake" ===

'''TL;DR: In 2013 DSM-5 used to refer to pedophilia with words "pedophilic sexual orientation", and after pressure from the public, the phrase was changed to "pedophilic sexual interest". The change was done due to harassment and did not reflect any actual change of opinion among researchers, who still continue exploring it as an orientation.'''

"In the face of significant criticism of its inclusion in the DSM-5, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) has stated its intention to remove the term Pedophilic Sexual Orientation from the diagnostic manual.2 Removing that term in response to public criticism would be a mistake. Experiencing ongoing sexual attractions to prepubescent children is, in essence, a form of sexual orientation, and acknowledging that reality can help to distinguish the mental makeup that is inherent to Pedophilia, from acts of child sexual abuse."

[https://jaapl.org/content/42/4/404 Pedophilia and DSM-5: The Importance of Clearly Defining the Nature of a Pedophilic Disorder, Fred S. Berlin, Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online Dec 2014, 42 (4) 404-407]

"By the above deﬁnition of sexual orientation — and most common deﬁnitions of sexual orientation — pedophilia can be viewed as a sexual age orientation based on the more limited evidence available regarding its age of onset, associations with sexual and romantic behavior, and stability over time. Though there are clearly differences in some respects, there are also striking similarities in the research literature on pedophilia."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6 Seto, M. C. (2012). Is Pedophilia a Sexual Orientation? Archives of Sexual Behavior, 41(1), 231–236. doi:10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6]

=== "Maps do not experience romantic feelings" ===

'''TL;DR: While it is common to depict mapness as solely a sexual "urge", most maps are romantically attracted to children and teenagers in their preferred age range.'''

"The majority (72%) of participants reported they had fallen in love with a child in their lifetime. Participants reported greater feelings of attachment to children than feelings of infatuation. Though sexual attraction and falling in love were strongly correlated, they were not synonymous."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9 Martijn, F. M., Babchishin, K. M., Pullman, L. E., & Seto, M. C. (2020). Sexual Attraction and Falling in Love in Persons with Pedohebephilia. Archives of Sexual Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01579-9]

"Overall, romantic attraction to minors resembles romantic attraction to adults."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39118553/ Levitan, J. A., Martijn, F. M., Santaguida, M., & Seto, M. C. (2024). Minor-Attracted Men's Lived Experiences of Romantic Attraction. Journal of sex & marital therapy, 50(7), 811–824. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2024.2385909]

== Maps and sexual abuse ==
=== "Pedophilia is illegal" ===

'''TL;DR: Pedophilia by itself is not illegal the way child sexual abuse is.'''

"While pedophilia itself does not give rise to criminal liability, acting on it does."

[https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/pedophilia Cornell Law School, Legal Information Institute, Pedophilia]

"Pedophilia is often confused with pedosexuality. Pedosexuality refers to sexual behavior or acts towards children. The distinction is crucial: pedophilia as a sexual preference itself is not illegal; however, engaging in pedosexual acts with minors is."

[https://degroote-deman.be/en/news/from-sensation-to-precision-dgdm-lawyers-demystify-sexual-offenses-child-pornography-pedophilia-and-sexual-abuse-in-the-media/ From Sensation to Precision: DGDM Lawyers Demystify Sexual Offenses, Child Pornography, Pedophilia, and Sexual Abuse in the Media], note: usage of "pedosexuality" to refer to sexual acts with children is specific to several European countries and not universal.

=== "All child molesters are pedophiles" ===

'''TL;DR: Many people mistakenly believe that everyone who sexually abuses children is automatically a pedophile, but in reality most abusers are not pedophiles, since "pedophilia" refers to attraction, not actions.'''

"Not all individuals who sexually assault children are pedophiles. Pedophilia consists of a sexual preference for children that may or may not lead to child sexual abuse (e.g., viewing child pornography), whereas child sexual abuse involves sexual contact with a child that may or may not be due to pedophilia (Camilleri & Quinsey, 2008)."

[https://smart.ojp.gov/somapi/chapter-3-sex-offender-typologies Dominique A. Simons (March 2017). Sex Offender Management Assessment and Planning Initiative. Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking]

"The terms ‘paedophile’ and ‘child sex offender’ are often used interchangeably (Nellis 2009). It is important to understand, however, that the two terms have different meanings; not all child sex offenders are paedophiles and conversely, not all paedophiles are child sex offenders. <...> paedophiles are those individuals who are sexually attracted to young children; these individuals may or may not act on this attraction. Conversely, while some child sex offenders are attracted to children, others may have sexual interest in and/or offend against both children and adults, and/or may act out of opportunity rather than an exclusive sexual interest in children."

[https://www.aic.gov.au/publications/tandi/tandi429 Richards K 2011. Misperceptions about child sex offenders. Trends & issues in crime and criminal justice no. 429. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. https://doi.org/10.52922/ti258908]

In addition to that, people without an attraction to children make up a majority of offenders.

"Those showing no sexual preference disorder, but who, for different reasons, sexually abuse children seeking a surrogate. This group comprises e.g. sexually inexperienced adolescents, mentally retarded persons, those with anti-social personality disorders and perpetrators within general traumatizing family constellations – and accounts for approximately 60% of officially known offenders."

[https://www.praeventionstag.de/dokumentation/download.cms?id=2090 Beier, K.M. (2015). The German Dunkelfeld Project: Proactive Strategies to Prevent Child Sexual Abuse and the Use of Child Abusive Images. Paper presented at the 8th Annual International Forum 2014 within the German Congress on Crime Prevention. Mönchengladbach, DE: Forum Verlag Godesberg GmbH.]

"Are all offenders paedophiles? No. Paedophilia is a stable sexual preference for children. It is one of the so-called ‘paraphilias’ or sexual preferences that differ from what is regarded as normal. Other paraphilias are exhibitionism and necrophilia. As shown in §7.2.1.2, 20% of suspects who undergo a personality assessment are found to have deviant sexual preferences, including preferences other than paedophilia; in other words, 80% do not have deviant sexual preferences."

[https://www.dutchrapporteur.nl/publications/reports/2015/03/19/on-solid-ground-tackling-sexual-violence-against-children-2014 National Rapporteur on Trafficking in Human Beings (2014). On solid ground. Tackling sexual violence against children in the Netherlands. The Hague: National Rapporteur.]

"Only a small part (16,2 %) of sexual offenders against children meet the criteria (DSM-IV-TR) for pedophilia."

[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0924933814777314 D. Kesicky, I. Andre, M. Kesicka, EPA-0284 – Pedophiles and (or) child molesters, European Psychiatry, Volume 29, Supplement 1, 2014, Page 1, ISSN 0924-9338, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-9338(14)77731-4.]

"Despite common misperceptions, pedophilia is neither a necessary nor sufficient precondition for sexual offending against children [5]. In fact, an unknown, but most likely substantial number of people with a sexual preference for children never commit sexual offenses [6], and an estimated 40–60 percent of sexual offenses against children are not committed by people with pedophilic interests [5,7,8,9]."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7460489/ Stelzmann, D., Jahnke, S., & Kuhle, L. F. (2020). Media Coverage of Pedophilia: Benefits and Risks from Healthcare Practitioners' Point of View. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(16), 5739. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165739]

=== "All pedophiles offend" ===

'''TL;DR: Statistics, related to demographics and behavior of maps are still scarce, but it is reasonable to presume that most maps do not commit offenses.'''

87% of map participants did not commit any sexual offenses (infromation from slide 13).

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329544224_Experiences_of_sexual_and_romantic_attraction_to_children_andor_adults_in_persons_with_pedohebephilia_2018 Martijn, Frederica. (2018). Experiences of sexual and romantic attraction to children and/or adults in persons with pedohebephilia (2018).]

"Men reporting that they had been convicted of either viewing child pornography or a sexual contact offense with a child aged 14 or younger comprised 12.2% (145/ 1189) of the sample."

[https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000212 Bailey, J. M., Hsu, K. J., & Bernhard, P. A. (2016). An Internet study of men sexually attracted to children: Sexual attraction patterns. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(7), 976–988. doi:10.1037/abn0000212]

=== "Stigma for maps is beneficial" ===

'''TL;DR: Experts agree that both stigma towards maps in the society and internalized self-hate don't benefit CSA prevention anyhow.'''

"There is an emerging consensus among researchers that having pedophilic interests is not synonymous with child sexual abuse or other amoral behavior. Nevertheless, misconceptions about pedophilia are highly prevalent among the general public and mental health practitioners. <…> We argue that stigmatization of people with pedophilic sexual interests has undesired indirect effects on risk factors for child sexual abuse, particularly on an emotional and social level. Also, fear of being rejected or treated unethically may prevent pedophilic individuals at risk for sexual offending from confiding in medical practitioners or psychotherapists. Psychologists working with pedophilic individuals in forensic or clinical settings should be aware that stigmatizing people with pedophilia may increase their risk of sexual offending, and provide help to deal with potential stigma-related repercussions."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323515098_The_Stigma_of_Pedophilia_Clinical_and_Forensic_Implications Jahnke, Sara. (2018). The Stigma of Pedophilia: Clinical and Forensic Implications. European Psychologist. 23. 144 – 153. 10.1027/1016-9040/a000325.]

"Stigmatization and societal punitiveness about pedophilia have a range of potential consequences, such as the social isolation of people with sexual interest in children, and the formation of policies that are not consistent with empirical research findings. Previous research has shown that people with pedophilic sexual interests use societal thinking to self-stigmatize, which in turn may actually serve to increase their risk of committing a sexual offense."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311545002_Reducing_Stigma_and_Punitive_Attitudes_Toward_Pedophiles_Through_Narrative_Humanization Harper, Craig & Bartels, Ross & Hogue, Todd. (2016). Reducing Stigma and Punitive Attitudes Toward Pedophiles Through Narrative Humanization. Sexual Abuse A Journal of Research and Treatment. 30. 10.1177/1079063216681561.]

"Results revealed that the shame and secrecy resulting from stigma associated with pedophilic interests often prevented our respondents from seeking professional counseling, and only about 20% tried to talk to anyone about their sexual interests prior to their arrest. Barriers to seeking and receiving psychological services included concerns about confidentiality, fears of social and legal consequences, personal shame or confusion about the problem, affordability, and challenges finding competent therapists who were adequately equipped to help them. Understanding and ultimately reducing obstacles to help-seeking can improve the quality of life for people with harmful sexual interests and potentially prevent sexual abuse of children or other vulnerable individuals."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315895306_Obstacles_to_Help-Seeking_for_Sexual_Offenders_Implications_for_Prevention_of_Sexual_Abuse Levenson, Jill & Willis, Gwenda & Vicencio, Claudia. (2017). Obstacles to Help-Seeking for Sexual Offenders: Implications for Prevention of Sexual Abuse. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. 26. 99-120. 10.1080/10538712.2016.1276116.]

"In the general public however, it is to be expected that sexually abusive behavior towards children is often confused with pedophilia as a sexual preference. In the media, people with pedophile or other paraphile interests are often stereotypically portrayed as violent criminals (Diefenbach, 1997; Kitzinger, 2004). The public’s view of sexual offenders is extremely negative (Fortney, Levenson, Brannon, & Baker, 2007). Agreement with the stereotype that pedophilia often or always coincides with child sex offenses is likely to prompt a high degree of discrimination against people with pedophilia, regardless of their actual behavior. This may have a negative impact on the mental health of a person suffering from pedophilia, and unwanted indirect effects on the likelihood of this person seeking therapy when needed. Both potential consequences may, presumably, put children at risk of child sexual abuse."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264231704_Stigmatization_of_People_With_Pedophilia_A_Blind_Spot_in_Stigma_Research Jahnke, Sara & Hoyer, Jürgen. (2013). Stigmatization of People With Pedophilia: A Blind Spot in Stigma Research. International Journal of Sexual Health. 25. 169-184. 10.1080/19317611.2013.795921.]

"For instance, the societal rhetoric about people who abuse children (e.g., “monsters,” “predators,” and “deviants,” along with declarations that they are not amenable to treatment and will inevitably reoffend) is rather damaging to the self-concepts of MAPs, who internalize these stigmatizing perceptions (Buckman et al., 2016; Jahnke, 2018). The shame and secrecy that result from this stigma prevent MAPs from reaching out to find role models, professionals, or confidants who might offer support or advice about how to deal with minor attraction and achieve a satisfying and healthy life (Beier, 2016; Buckman et al., 2016; Piché et al., 2016)."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1177/1079063218797713 Levenson, J. S., & Grady, M. D. (2018). Preventing Sexual Abuse: Perspectives of Minor-Attracted Persons About Seeking Help. Sexual Abuse, 107906321879771. doi:10.1177/1079063218797713]

=== "Communication with children increases risk of offense" ===
'''TL;DR: Communication with children decreases beliefs in acting on the attraction.'''

"Results showed that both increased social and physical contact were significantly linked to fewer legitimizing beliefs toward sex with children, even when controlling for past psychotherapy, educational level, social desirability, and age."

[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-017-1042-1 Geradt, M., Jahnke, S., Heinz, J. et al. Is Contact with Children Related to Legitimizing Beliefs Toward Sex with Children Among Men with Pedophilia?. Arch Sex Behav 47, 375–387 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-1042-1]

== Maps and therapy ==
=== "Therapy for maps involves rejecting and/or changing the attraction" ===

'''TL;DR: Mapness is immutable and cannot be changed by therapy. Good quality therapy offered to maps is centered around self acceptance.'''

"There are no compelling data to suggest that pedophiles might be converted into teleiophiles(persons with a primary sexual interest in adults). Multiple types of interventions have been attempted, including sex-drive-reducing medications and talk therapies informed by any of many theoretical orientations. Although there exist authors who have claimed that their interventions changed their clients’ fundamental sexual interests (e.g., Fedoroff, 1988, 1992), such reports do not include comparison groups, long-term follow-up, or any validated, objective measure to verify the claims of successful change."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287225339_Gold-star_pedophiles_in_general_sex_therapy_practice Cantor, James. (2014). "Gold-star" pedophiles in general sex therapy practice.]

"The (im)mutability of pedophilia is a key aspect of helping non-offending pedophiles manage their sexual arousal and to refrain from offending. The accrual of empirical data exploring this issue is central to understanding and providing treatment to non-offending pedophiles: If pedophilia is immutable, then treatments for these individuals need basically to focus on coping with and managing pedophilic interests while leading a meaningful and fulfilling life and not on changing the person’s basic orientation. Whereas some authors have claimed that pedophilic interests may remit [11, 12], reanalysis of these data and methodological and statistical issues identified by other authors suggest that no such changes in orientation actually occurred [13–16]. <...> Professionals helped some of these men accept their pedophilic interests by separating their sexual attraction from their sexual behavior and by managing their sense of selves (e.g., distancing themselves from stories of “child rapists” [25•, p. 8]). Engaging with other pedophilic individuals helped these men see that others with their interests were able to avoid offending, which brought a sense of hope. Having other social supports that knew about their interests helped because their supports could help them maintain boundaries with children, challenge potentially distorted thinking, and provide them with feedback regarding their behavior with children."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z Cantor, J. M., & McPhail, I. V. (2016). Non-offending Pedophiles. Current Sexual Health Reports, 8(3), 121–128. doi:10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z]

"The preferred model of treatment is LGBT affirmative psychotherapy, which treats sexual feelings as innate, unchangeable and subject to personal acceptance. The American Psychological Association provides guidelines on its website (see below). Applied to the minor-attracted person, affirmative therapy separates sexual orientation from its expression, emphasizing acceptance and personal growth. This in no way endorses sexual contact between adults and minors."

[https://www.b4uact.org/for-therapists/psychotherapy-for-the-map/ B4U-ACT guide Psychotherapy for Minor-Attracted Persons]

"The primary aims of these approaches can be summarized as follows:
1. To accept MAPs’ sexual orientation as stable and unlikely to change;
2. To help MAP patients learn to live with their sexual feelings in a healthy way, most importantly without engaging in behavior that is illegal and/or harmful to children;
3. To help patients develop self-acceptance via a positive but realistic self-concept, without resorting to cognitions that rationalize and normalize adult–child sexual activity in a maladaptive strategy to protect self-esteem; and
4. To help patients learn to cope adaptively with the intense societal stigma against MAPs."
[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330635952_Correlates_of_Chronic_Suicidal_Ideation_Among_Community-Based_Minor-Attracted_Persons Cohen, Lisa & Wilman-Depena, Sherilyn & Barzilay, Shira & Hawes, Mariah & Yaseen, Zimri & Galynker, Igor. (2019). Correlates of Chronic Suicidal Ideation Among Community-Based Minor-Attracted Persons. Sexual Abuse. 32. 107906321982586. 10.1177/1079063219825868.]
=== "Maps don’t want to seek help" ===

'''TL;DR: Most maps would be interested in accessing therapy, yet there are barriers in place.'''

"A nonrandom, purposive sample of MAPs ( n = 293, 154 completed all questions) was recruited via an online survey. Results show that 75% of participants did seek formal help from a professional; however, just less than half of them found the experience to be helpful."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327474958_Preventing_Sexual_Abuse_Perspectives_of_Minor-Attracted_Persons_About_Seeking_Help Levenson, Jill & Grady, Melissa. (2018). Preventing Sexual Abuse: Perspectives of Minor-Attracted Persons About Seeking Help. Sexual abuse : a journal of research and treatment. 31. 1079063218797713. 10.1177/1079063218797713.]

"Over half had wanted to see a mental health professional at some time but did not do so due to fear that a professional would react negatively, report them to others, or lack necessary knowledge."

[https://www.b4uact.org/research/survey-results/spring-2011-survey/ B4U-ACT survey results]

24% clinicians would report a map client to law enforcement in absence of any indication of offense, 11.7% would report in absence of indication of offense and in absence of interactions with children.

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349992064_Mandatory_Reporting_and_Clinician_Decision-Making_when_a_Client_Discloses_Sexual_Interest_in_Children Stephens, Skye & McPhail, Ian & Heasman, Ainslie & Moss, Sarah. (2021). Mandatory Reporting and Clinician Decision-Making When a Client Discloses Sexual Interest in Children. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement. 53. 10.1037/cbs0000247.]

== Map demographics and society ==
=== "All maps are men" ===

'''TL;DR: While mapness is mostly known to the public through male maps, a statistically significant number of maps is women and nonbinary people.'''

"In a self-selected sample recruited online and through radio and newspaper advertisement (n = 1516; 52.7 % female), 1.8 % of the male and 0.8 % of the female respondents to an online, revised version of the Wilson Sex Fantasy Questionnaire reported ever having fantasies involving sex with a child under the age of 12 years [3]."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z Cantor, J. M., & McPhail, I. V. (2016). Non-offending Pedophiles. Current Sexual Health Reports, 8(3), 121–128. doi:10.1007/s11930-016-0076-z ]

"The current body of the literature studying minor-attracted persons (MAPs) predominantly focuses on the experiences of men who experience sexual attractions to children. To shed more light on the experiences of women within this population, we conducted anonymous semi-structured interviews with six self-identified female MAPs, who were recruited through online support forums for individuals with sexual attractions to children. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to analyze the interview transcripts. Two superordinate themes were identified from the dataset that highlighted the uniqueness of the experience of being a woman within the MAP community (“A minority within a minority”) and themes of social isolation and the effects of this on identity (“A lonely secret existence”). The findings reported here highlight how the experiences of female MAPs both converge with and diverge from their male counterparts in important ways. We discuss the implications of these experiences in relation to more effective service provision for women who are sexually attracted to children."

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8888496/ Lievesley, R., & Lapworth, R. (2022). "We Do Exist": The Experiences of Women Living with a Sexual Interest in Minors. Archives of sexual behavior, 51(2), 879–896. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-021-02160-z]

"Regarding women, little research is available about the prevalence of sexual interest in children. Early studies asking women about their sexual interest in children revealed prevalence rates ranging from 1 to 4%. <...> Among the total sample, the proportion of women who reported having sexual fantasies involving prepubescent children (n = 98 [7%], general websites: n = 92 [6.8%], SIC websites: n = 6 [11.1%]) was slightly smaller than the proportion of women who reported having sexual fantasies involving pubescent children (n = 136 [9.6%], general websites: n = 129 [9.5%], SIC websites: n = 7 [13.0%]). As the overlapping group among these 2 variables only included 54 women who reported on having sexual fantasies involving both prepubescent and pubescent children, the proportion of women among the total sample who indicated having sexual fantasies involving any children (ie, girls or boys at Tanner stage 1 or 2) reached 12.7% (n = 180, general websites: n = 173 [12.7%], SIC websites: n = 7 [13.0%]; Table 2)."

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339794031_Sexual_Interest_in_Children_Among_Women_in_Two_Nonclinical_and_Nonrepresentative_Online_Samples Tozdan, Safiye & Dekker, Arne & Neutze, Janina & Santtila, Pekka & Briken, Peer. (2020). Sexual Interest in Children Among Women in Two Nonclinical and Nonrepresentative Online Samples. Sexual Medicine. 8. 10.1016/j.esxm.2020.01.007.]

According to polls, conducted regularly over the span of 6 years on the map communities of Tumblr, Twitter, and fediverse, around one in three maps in these spaces is nonbinary.

[https://wierstamann.net/2023/03/20/maps-lgbt-and-strategic-erasure/ Maps, LGBT, and strategic erasure]

[https://wierstamann.net/2024/08/09/map-community-demographics-2024/ Map community demographics 2024]

=== "Minors can’t be maps" ===

'''TL;DR: Most maps realize they are attracted to significantly younger teenagers and children in teenagehood, and these attractions persist throughout life.'''

"On average, participants recalled that they first realized their attraction to children ages 14 and younger at age 14.24 years (SD 5.36). They began to suspect that this attraction was unusual, compared with peers, at age 16.11 (SD 5.24). They knew their attraction was unusual at age 18.12 (SD 5.89). Only 2.5% met these milestones later than 29.73, 30, and 35 years, respectively. These ages did not differ significantly across the different age preference groups. <...> Because the average age of participants was 33.66, this implies that their attraction to children has persisted for an average of 19.42 (i.e., 33.66 – 14.24) years, representing more than half their lives, and their entire adulthoods."

[https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000212 Bailey, J. M., Hsu, K. J., & Bernhard, P. A. (2016). An Internet study of men sexually attracted to children: Sexual attraction patterns. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(7), 976–988. doi:10.1037/abn0000212]

Most common age of first realization is 14.

[https://www.b4uact.org/research/survey-results/youth-suicidality-and-seeking-care/ B4U-ACT survey results]

"The study reveals that minor-attracted people become aware of their sexuality at an early age, experience stress caused by real or perceived societal rejection, and encounter both positive and negative reactions upon disclosing their identities. The conclusion underscores the need for a new approach to dealing with minor-attraction in contemporary Western society. I offer eight recommendations for instituting a strategy which incorporates empathy, education, and anti-discrimination measures."

[https://summit.sfu.ca/item/13798 Freimond, C.M. (2013). Navigating the Stigma of Pedophilia: The Experiences of Nine Minor-Attracted Men in Canada.]

The most common age to realize you're a map (attracted to much younger youth) is 13-15, realization in adulthood is rare.

[https://enderphile.wordpress.com/2018/09/11/growing-up-a-pedophile/ Growing Up A Pedophile]

=== "Maps have brain matter anomalies and impulse control issues" ===

'''TL;DR: This stereotype, emerging from early research conducted solely on sex offenders, has been debunked when non-offending maps were studied.'''

"Neurobehavioral models of pedophilia and child sexual offending suggest a pattern of temporal and in particular prefrontal disturbances leading to inappropriate behavioral control and subsequently an increased propensity to sexually offend against children. However, clear empirical evidence for such mechanisms is still missing. Using a go/nogo paradigm in combination with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) we compared behavioral performance and neural response patterns among three groups of men matched for age and IQ: pedophiles with (N = 40) and without (N = 37) a history of hands-on sexual offences against children as well as healthy non-offending controls (N = 40). As compared to offending pedophiles, non-offending pedophiles exhibited superior inhibitory control as reflected by significantly lower rate of commission errors. Group-by-condition interaction analysis also revealed inhibition-related activation in the left posterior cingulate and the left superior frontal cortex that distinguished between offending and non-offending pedophiles, while no significant differences were found between pedophiles and healthy controls. Both areas showing distinct activation pattern among pedophiles play a critical role in linking neural networks that relate to effective cognitive functioning. Data therefore suggest that heightened inhibition-related recruitment of these areas as well as decreased amount of commission errors is related to better inhibitory control in pedophiles who successfully avoid committing hands-on sexual offences against children. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1092–1104, 2017."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27767244/ Kärgel, C., Massau, C., Weiß, S., Walter, M., Borchardt, V., Krueger, T. H., Tenbergen, G., Kneer, J., Wittfoth, M., Pohl, A., Gerwinn, H., Ponseti, J., Amelung, T., Beier, K. M., Mohnke, S., Walter, H., & Schiffer, B. (2017). Evidence for superior neurobiological and behavioral inhibitory control abilities in non-offending as compared to offending pedophiles. Human brain mapping, 38(2), 1092–1104. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.23443]

"Our results are the first to demonstrate that executive dysfunctions are related to offense status rather than pedophilic preference."

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28511726/ Massau, C., Tenbergen, G., Kärgel, C., Weiß, S., Gerwinn, H., Pohl, A., Amelung, T., Mohnke, S., Kneer, J., Wittfoth, M., Ristow, I., Schiltz, K., Beier, K. M., Ponseti, J., Walter, M., Kruger, T. H. C., Walter, H., & Schiffer, B. (2017). Executive Functioning in Pedophilia and Child Sexual Offending. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 23(6), 460–470. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617717000315]

"Consistent with the conceptualization of the DSM-5, which specifies CSO as most the prominent criterion that differentiates pedophilia from pedophilic disorder, there were no significant differences between the GM volumes of the non-offending pedophiles and the teleiophilic controls. In contrast, the pedophiles who had engaged in CSO showed a significantly reduced relative GM volume in the right TP compared with pedophiles who did not. This difference was not attributable to age, level of education, IQ, sexual orientation, drug misuse/dependence, other Axis I or II disorders or general criminality."

[https://www.nature.com/articles/tp201796 Schiffer, B., Amelung, T., Pohl, A. et al. Gray matter anomalies in pedophiles with and without a history of child sexual offending. Transl Psychiatry 7, e1129 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/tp.2017.96 ]

"In line with our expectations, pedohebephilic men in our sample were considerably more likely to be introverted and less emotionally stable compared to nonpedohebephilic controls but not more or less likely to be impulsive, agreeable, or open.<...> Among all personality domains, introversion and neuroticism are also the ones that are most likely to be affected by stigma.<...> In the general population, there still exists an image of pedophilic men as highly unstable, impulsive, unpleasant, and antisocial (McCartan, 2010). This image is linked to stigmatizing assumptions like the idea that pedophilic men are monsters unable and unwilling to control their sexual urges (Houtepen, Sijtsema, & Bogaerts, 2016; Jahnke, 2018). Therefore, it is of high importance to rigorously test such expectations, and, if disproven, correct them."

[https://sci-hub.se/10.1080/19317611.2019.1609641 Jahnke, S., Schmitt, S., Geradt, M., & Hoyer, J. (2019). Big Five Personality Factors Among Men With a Sexual Interest in Children. International Journal of Sexual Health, 1–6. doi:10.1080/19317611.2019.1609641]

[[Category:Additional materials]]
[[Category:English]]

Child sexual abuse

2024-11-10T08:50:26Z

Lecter:

'''Child sexual abuse''' or '''CSA''' is a form of abuse of children and adolescents where sexual acts are used as a means of harm. What particular actions are included under this label is debated by young people themselves, abuse prevention experts, and the general public alike.

== Definition variations ==

Overall, it is possible to single out at least three different approaches to what should be considered CSA.

* '''Legal.''' By this definition, everything that is considered child sexual abuse in the country where the incident occurred should be classified as such. This approach makes it very hard to discuss CSA as a worldwide problem.

* '''Perpetrator-oriented.''' CSA is an abusive act against a child that was motivated sexually. One of the most important limitations of this definition is that it requires the perpetrator to honestly admit their intentions.

* '''Victim-oriented.''' Any abusive act that is considered sexual by the person it happened to is child sexual abuse. This approach is newer than others, possibly based on the accounts of victims who have experienced sexual trauma from things that their society did not consider sexually inappropriate<ref>[https://x.com/SheraFamily/status/1855341956886327401 SheraFamily] via Twitter.</ref>.

In addition to this, multiple people consider all sexual acts, involving children, to be abusive by default. Classifying sexual relationships between adults and children as either abusive or carrying a significant risk of abuse lies at the core of the [[anti-contact]] ideology. Some take this view to the extreme and go as far as to believe sexual relationships between same-age children or seeing pornographic content as a child is inherently traumatizing, thus classifying all involvement of children in sexuality that is not immediately intervened in as child sexual abuse. There also exists an opposing extreme, denying "CSA" as a meaningful category and recontextualizing it as predominantly non-abusive experiences<ref>[https://www.newgon.net/wiki/Child_Sexual_Abuse Child Sexual Abuse], Newgon Wiki.</ref>. It is worth mentioning that child sexual abuse was found to involve physical violence in 1 out of 5 cases<ref>[https://www.panafrican-med-journal.com/content/article/20/47/full/ Laila Essabar et al. Child sexual abuse: report of 311 cases with review of literature]. Pan African Medical Journal. 2015;20:47. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2015.20.47.4569.</ref>. 

Often, when talking about CSA, people use mixed definitions.

== Statistics ==

* 1 in 4 girls and 1 in 6 boys experience sexual abuse before they turn 18<ref>[https://www.ywca.org/wp-content/uploads/WWV-CSA-Fact-Sheet-Final.pdf Child Sexual Abuse Facts], YWCA USA.</ref><ref>[http://www.openingthecircle.ca/defining-abuse/sexual-violence-statistics Sexual Violence Statistics], Opening the Circle.</ref>.

* 40% of CSA is perpetrated by another person below 18<ref>[https://www.d2l.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/all_statistics_20150619.pdf Child Sexual Abuse Statistics], Darkness to Light.</ref>.

* Over 30% of perpetrators are family members, only 7% are strangers<ref>[https://www.rainn.org/statistics/children-and-teens Children and Teens: Statistics], Rainn.</ref>.

* Boys are more likely to face physical violence than girls, but less likely to describe this experience as negative<ref>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29096161/ Lahtinen, H. M., Laitila, A., Korkman, J., & Ellonen, N. (2018). Children's disclosures of sexual abuse in a population-based sample]. Child abuse & neglect, 76, 84–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.10.011. "Almost half of the girls (46%) evaluated the experience as negative, compared to 9% of the boys evaluating the experience as negative (χ2 (2) = 27.12, p ≪ 0.001). <...> Thirteen percent of the respondents reported that the perpetrator used violence, boys (28%) more than girls (9%) (χ2 (1) = 12.07, p ≪ 0.01)."</ref>.

== Misconceptions ==

News outlets and the general public often use the word "[[pedophilia]]" as a synonym for child sexual abuse. Even some of those, who are aware that not all maps commit abuse against children, still believe maps deal with urges that push them towards becoming abusers. 

Male victims of CSA, especially the ones with a female perpetrator, are often dismissed and mocked, because it is assumed that boys want sex more than girls and cannot be traumatized by it as much. 

According to a popular misconception, sometimes referred to as the "Stranger Danger" myth, strangers pose the biggest risk for children. This point of view lies at the core of demands for more parental control.

== References ==
[[Category:Original pages]]
[[Category:English]]

Pro recovery

2024-10-25T18:47:09Z

Lecter:

'''Pro recovery''' is a stance in [[paraphilia]] discourse. It may mean a range of things, varying from defense of conversion therapy to supporting rehabilitation of formerly abusive paraphiliacs.

== Origins ==
The concept of "pro recovery" has been borrowed from the discourse surrounding eating disorders, where this term existed at least in 2012<ref>[https://www.jmir.org/2012/6/e151/ Pro-Anorexia and Pro-Recovery Photo Sharing: A Tale of Two Warring Tribes], Journal of Medical Internet Research.</ref>. In communities of people with eating disorders, being pro recovery means encouraging overcoming the disorders and refusing to engage in mutually triggering symptoms of other members.

Some people have stated that the pro recovery movement takes root in the idea of trauma recovery for paraphiliacs, centering individual wellness and dealing with traumas rather than paraphilias, and was misrepresented by others during an early stage of development. A mapmisiac zoophile-adjacent Twitter group RZAF (Recovering Zoo and Anti Foundation)/PHASE was pointed out as the origin.

<gallery>
File:PHASE twitter.jpg|The official account of RZAF/PHASE, currently locked
</gallery>

This term has gained traction in paraphilia discourse in late 2021 via people who believed a paraphilia shares common traits with a disorder. This view originated in zoo discourse on Twitter and has been promoted by such movements as Phi Legion, OZA (Organized Zoo Antis), and Stolism<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211225173749/https://twitter.com/Stolist_Claw/status/1474796080453898245 Stolist_Claw] on Twitter via WayBack Machine, 25 Dec 2021.</ref>(alternatively spelled as Skolism).

<blockquote>A flag for those of you who are zoophiles but you are recovering and beginning to heal. I think it would also be a great flag for those of you who have competed that journey and want to show pride in your success. Made by @zootsheppie and refined by @sickbagpony</blockquote>
- OZA introducing the recovery flag<ref>[https://x.com/OzaOfficial1/status/1471392650125320194 OzaOfficial1] on Twitter, Dec 16, 2021.</ref>

<blockquote>Hi, everyone. I finally realized Zoophilia is wrong so I'm using the Recovering Zoophile flag!</blockquote>
- MissYin11 on Twitter<ref>[https://x.com/MissYin11/status/1475213130280099841 MissYin11] on Twitter, Dec 27, 2021.</ref>

<gallery>
File:OZA guide to zoo flags.png|OZA's guide to zoo flags<ref>[https://x.com/OzaOfficial1/status/1480273222092349443 OzaOfficial1] on Twitter, Jan 9, 2022.</ref>
File:Anti zoo oza art.png|Art, featuring the OZA flag<ref>[https://x.com/ruubiks/status/1462954438243414016 ruubiks] on Twitter, Nov 23, 2021.</ref>
File:Oza tweet.png|OZA polling their followers on their stances<ref>[https://x.com/OzaOfficial1/status/1478581419614126083 OzaOfficial1] on Twitter, Jan 5, 2022.</ref>
File:Recovered zoo.png|"Recovered zoo" flag introduced<ref>[https://x.com/ZJC_NA/status/1480729000167325702 ZJC_NA] on Twitter.</ref>
</gallery>

The term "pro recovery" has been introduced during a panic about an alleged mass grooming of teenagers into the zoophile identity, and some of its supporters explained recovery as such:

<blockquote>Basically a lot of kids are currently being groomed into being a zoophile so it's Basically "I was groomed but now I know better"</blockquote>
- DinoQueen360 on Twitter<ref>[https://x.com/DinoQueen360/status/1480328686108827650 DinoQueen360] on Twitter, Jan 10, 2022.</ref>

<blockquote>You’re a child. You shouldn’t be hanging around a community of groomers and animal abusers. I run a group by the name of @Stolist_Claw which encourages recovery for kids like you involved in grooming and paraphilia</blockquote>
- treasuresson on Twitter (a co-founder of Stolism addressing a 13 year old zoophile)<ref>[https://x.com/treasuresson/status/1476325891097640972 treasuresson] on Twitter, Dec 30, 2021.</ref>

A view of zoophilia as something that spreads via social contagion may explain why some of these people could have felt making comparisons with eating disorders is appropriate and adopted this terminology.

=== "Healthy paraphile" ===
'''Healthy paraphile''' is a term that emerged simultaneously with the events described above and has been used by the same circle of people. One of the first mentions of it still available on Twitter dates 20 December, 2021, and comes from someone identifying as an ex zoo<ref>[https://x.com/WatchersCafe/status/1472743618687508484 WatchersCafe] on Twitter, Dec 20, 2021.</ref>. Zootsheppie, the creator of the recovering zoo flag, has used "healthy" and "recovering" interchangeably<ref>[https://x.com/zootsheppie/status/1483960438748504071 zootsheppie] on Twitter, Jan 20, 2022.</ref><ref>[https://x.com/zootsheppie/status/1489638383139934208 zootsheppie] on Twitter, Feb 4, 2022.</ref>.

This term did not remain in the paraphilia discourse vocabulary, perhaps due to opposition from disabled and disordered paraphiliacs.
<gallery>
File:Healthy paraphile criticism.jpg|Criticism of the term "healthy paraphile"
</gallery>

One of the flags previously associated with the healthy paraphile identity is now used by members of the Twitter para community as a general paraphilia flag<ref>[https://paraflags-wiki.org/index.php/General_paraphilia_flags#2021_flag 2021 flag], Paraflags Wiki.</ref>.

== Later usage ==
While OZA did not include maps or any other paraphiliacs in their activities, other people who picked up this term soon applied it more widely. By 2023 a term "sunset paraphile" emerged, which included "pro recovery" as one of the affiliated stances<ref>[https://archive.ph/2eOax para-phil] on Tumblr via archive.today, citing posts from mid 2023.</ref>.

This is also the point when the term was torn away from its origins by some users and no longer exclusively described getting rid of, or learning to suppress, a paraphilia. Instead it started meaning getting rid of distress around your paraphilia or seeking wellness in a general sense. In some cases, the concept of recovering from being pro contact appears<ref>[https://www.tumblr.com/radinclus-not-radqueer/727586534438666240/if-youre-a-paraphile-even-one-of-the-big-3-or?source=share radinclus-not-radqueer] on Tumblr, Sep 5, 2023.</ref>. The community using these terms is nevertheless still affiliated with antis, only this time primarily in an anti transid sense.

By 2024 there appeared one more alternative meaning of "pro recovery", signifying rehabilitation of ex-offenders. This definition is supported by a paraphiliac organization PACHE<ref>[https://pache-benchmark.carrd.co/ PACHE Carrd].</ref>, which considers itself pro recovery.

There still remain, however, those who identify with this label in its original sense. Additional meanings need to be understood as existing simultaneously with the 2021 one.

<blockquote>While it is better to be anti-contact than pro-contact, you still identify with the label of those harmful thoughts. If you know your paraphilia is known to be harmful, you shouldn’t try to identify with it. You should be pro-recovery than anti-contact, because- -pro-recovery shows that you KNOW those thoughts are bad and you’re genuinely trying to change, and maybe help others change too</blockquote>
- wubadubdub120 on Twitter<ref>[https://x.com/wubadubdub120/status/1747642237175906601 wubadubdub120] on Twitter, part 1, Jan 17, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://x.com/wubadubdub120/status/1747642322840412345 wubadubdub120] on Twitter, part 2, Jan 17, 2024.</ref>

A contemporary definition of "pro recovery", featured on Paraphile Wiki<ref>[https://www.paraphile.com/index.php?title=Pro-Recovery&oldid=9 Pro-Recovery] via Paraphile Wiki, 25 September 2024.</ref>, does not mention conversion therapy, however it continues the trend of uniting trauma recovery and being non-offending under one framework.
== Criticism ==
The term "pro recovery" has been criticized by members of the paraphiliac community for its origins and implications. Even separated from the conversion therapy context, it can be regarded as inviting a medicalizing view of paraphilias. In addition to that, it may imply that poor mental health of members of the paraphiliac community is their own fault and responsibility to fix, rather than an outcome of living in a hostile society<ref>[https://nnia.space/@comrade_lecter/108154364480120882 comrade_lecter] on nnia.space.</ref>.

== References ==
[[Category:Original pages]] [[Category:English]]

Pro recovery

2024-10-25T01:05:44Z

Lecter:

'''Pro recovery''' is a stance in [[paraphilia]] discourse. It may mean a range of things, varying from defense of conversion therapy to supporting rehabilitation of formerly abusive paraphiliacs.

== Origins ==
The concept of "pro recovery" has been borrowed from the discourse surrounding eating disorders, where this term existed at least in 2012<ref>[https://www.jmir.org/2012/6/e151/ Pro-Anorexia and Pro-Recovery Photo Sharing: A Tale of Two Warring Tribes], Journal of Medical Internet Research.</ref>. In communities of people with eating disorders, being pro recovery means encouraging overcoming the disorders and refusing to engage in mutually triggering symptoms of other members.

Some people have stated that the pro recovery movement takes root in the idea of trauma recovery for paraphiliacs, centering individual wellness and dealing with traumas rather than paraphilias, and was misrepresented by others during an early stage of development. A mapmisiac zoophile-adjacent Twitter group RZAF/PHASE was pointed out as the origin.

<gallery>
File:PHASE twitter.jpg|The official account of RZAF/PHASE, currently locked
</gallery>

This term has gained traction in paraphilia discourse in late 2021 via people who believed a paraphilia shares common traits with a disorder. This view originated in zoo discourse on Twitter and has been promoted by such movements as Phi Legion, OZA (Organized Zoo Antis), and Stolism<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211225173749/https://twitter.com/Stolist_Claw/status/1474796080453898245 Stolist_Claw] on Twitter via WayBack Machine, 25 Dec 2021.</ref>(alternatively spelled as Skolism).

<blockquote>A flag for those of you who are zoophiles but you are recovering and beginning to heal. I think it would also be a great flag for those of you who have competed that journey and want to show pride in your success. Made by @zootsheppie and refined by @sickbagpony</blockquote>
- OZA introducing the recovery flag<ref>[https://x.com/OzaOfficial1/status/1471392650125320194 OzaOfficial1] on Twitter, Dec 16, 2021.</ref>

<blockquote>Hi, everyone. I finally realized Zoophilia is wrong so I'm using the Recovering Zoophile flag!</blockquote>
- MissYin11 on Twitter<ref>[https://x.com/MissYin11/status/1475213130280099841 MissYin11] on Twitter, Dec 27, 2021.</ref>

<gallery>
File:OZA guide to zoo flags.png|OZA's guide to zoo flags<ref>[https://x.com/OzaOfficial1/status/1480273222092349443 OzaOfficial1] on Twitter, Jan 9, 2022.</ref>
File:Anti zoo oza art.png|Art, featuring the OZA flag<ref>[https://x.com/ruubiks/status/1462954438243414016 ruubiks] on Twitter, Nov 23, 2021.</ref>
File:Oza tweet.png|OZA polling their followers on their stances<ref>[https://x.com/OzaOfficial1/status/1478581419614126083 OzaOfficial1] on Twitter, Jan 5, 2022.</ref>
File:Recovered zoo.png|"Recovered zoo" flag introduced<ref>[https://x.com/ZJC_NA/status/1480729000167325702 ZJC_NA] on Twitter.</ref>
</gallery>

The term "pro recovery" has been introduced during a panic about an alleged mass grooming of teenagers into the zoophile identity, and some of its supporters explained recovery as such:

<blockquote>Basically a lot of kids are currently being groomed into being a zoophile so it's Basically "I was groomed but now I know better"</blockquote>
- DinoQueen360 on Twitter<ref>[https://x.com/DinoQueen360/status/1480328686108827650 DinoQueen360] on Twitter, Jan 10, 2022.</ref>

<blockquote>You’re a child. You shouldn’t be hanging around a community of groomers and animal abusers. I run a group by the name of @Stolist_Claw which encourages recovery for kids like you involved in grooming and paraphilia</blockquote>
- treasuresson on Twitter (a co-founder of Stolism addressing a 13 year old zoophile)<ref>[https://x.com/treasuresson/status/1476325891097640972 treasuresson] on Twitter, Dec 30, 2021.</ref>

A view of zoophilia as something that spreads via social contagion may explain why some of these people could have felt making comparisons with eating disorders is appropriate and adopted this terminology.

=== "Healthy paraphile" ===
'''Healthy paraphile''' is a term that emerged simultaneously with the events described above and has been used by the same circle of people. One of the first mentions of it still available on Twitter dates 20 December, 2021, and comes from someone identifying as an ex zoo<ref>[https://x.com/WatchersCafe/status/1472743618687508484 WatchersCafe] on Twitter, Dec 20, 2021.</ref>. Zootsheppie, the creator of the recovering zoo flag, has used "healthy" and "recovering" interchangeably<ref>[https://x.com/zootsheppie/status/1483960438748504071 zootsheppie] on Twitter, Jan 20, 2022.</ref><ref>[https://x.com/zootsheppie/status/1489638383139934208 zootsheppie] on Twitter, Feb 4, 2022.</ref>.

This term did not remain in the paraphilia discourse vocabulary, perhaps due to opposition from disabled and disordered paraphiliacs.
<gallery>
File:Healthy paraphile criticism.jpg|Criticism of the term "healthy paraphile"
</gallery>

One of the flags previously associated with the healthy paraphile identity is now used by members of the Twitter para community as a general paraphilia flag<ref>[https://paraflags-wiki.org/index.php/General_paraphilia_flags#2021_flag 2021 flag], Paraflags Wiki.</ref>.

== Later usage ==
While OZA did not include maps or any other paraphiliacs in their activities, other people who picked up this term soon applied it more widely. By 2023 a term "sunset paraphile" emerged, which included "pro recovery" as one of the affiliated stances<ref>[https://archive.ph/2eOax para-phil] on Tumblr via archive.today, citing posts from mid 2023.</ref>.

This is also the point when the term was torn away from its origins by some users and no longer exclusively described getting rid of, or learning to suppress, a paraphilia. Instead it started meaning getting rid of distress around your paraphilia or seeking wellness in a general sense. In some cases, the concept of recovering from being pro contact appears<ref>[https://www.tumblr.com/radinclus-not-radqueer/727586534438666240/if-youre-a-paraphile-even-one-of-the-big-3-or?source=share radinclus-not-radqueer] on Tumblr, Sep 5, 2023.</ref>. The community using these terms is nevertheless still affiliated with antis, only this time primarily in an anti transid sense.

By 2024 there appeared one more alternative meaning of "pro recovery", signifying rehabilitation of ex-offenders. This definition is supported by a paraphiliac organization PACHE<ref>[https://pache-benchmark.carrd.co/ PACHE Carrd].</ref>, which considers itself pro recovery.

There still remain, however, those who identify with this label in its original sense. Additional meanings need to be understood as existing simultaneously with the 2021 one.

<blockquote>While it is better to be anti-contact than pro-contact, you still identify with the label of those harmful thoughts. If you know your paraphilia is known to be harmful, you shouldn’t try to identify with it. You should be pro-recovery than anti-contact, because- -pro-recovery shows that you KNOW those thoughts are bad and you’re genuinely trying to change, and maybe help others change too</blockquote>
- wubadubdub120 on Twitter<ref>[https://x.com/wubadubdub120/status/1747642237175906601 wubadubdub120] on Twitter, part 1, Jan 17, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://x.com/wubadubdub120/status/1747642322840412345 wubadubdub120] on Twitter, part 2, Jan 17, 2024.</ref>

A contemporary definition of "pro recovery", featured on Paraphile Wiki<ref>[https://www.paraphile.com/index.php?title=Pro-Recovery&oldid=9 Pro-Recovery] via Paraphile Wiki, 25 September 2024.</ref>, does not mention conversion therapy, however it continues the trend of uniting trauma recovery and being non-offending under one framework.
== Criticism ==
The term "pro recovery" has been criticized by members of the paraphiliac community for its origins and implications. Even separated from the conversion therapy context, it can be regarded as inviting a medicalizing view of paraphilias. In addition to that, it may imply that poor mental health of members of the paraphiliac community is their own fault and responsibility to fix, rather than an outcome of living in a hostile society<ref>[https://nnia.space/@comrade_lecter/108154364480120882 comrade_lecter] on nnia.space.</ref>.

== References ==
[[Category:Original pages]] [[Category:English]]